Objectives: The effects of first trimester threatened abortions on prenatal and postnatal pregnancy outcomes. Material and methods: Data from 24.835 pregnant women were retrospectively analysed. The pregnant women were divided into two groups according to whether they had a first trimester threatened abortion or not. The demographic data and prenatal, postnatal and labour outcomes were compared for the two groups. Those cases with miscarriages during their follow-up, pregnant women with systemic diseases, multiple pregnancies and patients who were diagnosed with cervical erosion and cervical polypoid formation during vaginal bleeding examinations were all excluded. Results: The age (p < 0.001), ART pregnancy rate (p = 0.03) and nulliparity rate (p = 0.013) in those with the risk of miscarriage were statistically significantly higher than those without the risk. The gestational weeks (p < 0.001) and birth weights (p < 0.001) were significantly lower for the miscarriage group than in the control group. Hyperemesis gravidarum (p < 0.001), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) (p < 0.001) and placenta previa (p = 0.018) rates were statistically significantly and more frequent in the pregnancies with the threatened abortion group than in the control group. The rates of caesarean delivery were statistically significantly higher in the threatened abortion group (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Threatened abortion between 6- and 14-weeks gestational age is a complication that may cause anxiety in the early weeks of pregnancy. But the treatment, follow-up and cause of threatened abortion all remain unclear. Key words: abortion; pregnancy outcomes; treatment; first trimester Objectives: The effects of first trimester threatened abortions on prenatal and postnatal pregnancy outcomes. Material and methods: Data from 24.835 pregnant women were retrospectively analysed. The pregnant women were divided into two groups according to whether they had a first trimester threatened abortion or not. The demographic data and prenatal, postnatal and labour outcomes were compared for the two groups. Those cases with miscarriages during their follow-up, pregnant women with systemic diseases, multiple pregnancies and patients who were diagnosed with cervical erosion and cervical polypoid formation during vaginal bleeding examinations were all excluded. Results: The age (p < 0.001), ART pregnancy rate (p = 0.03) and nulliparity rate (p = 0.013) in those with the risk of miscarriage were statistically significantly higher than those without the risk. The gestational weeks (p < 0.001) and birth weights (p < 0.001) were significantly lower for the miscarriage group than in the control group. Hyperemesis gravidarum (p < 0.001), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) (p < 0.001) and placenta previa (p = 0.018) rates were statistically significantly and more frequent in the pregnancies with the threatened abortion group than in the control group. The rates of caesarean delivery were statistically significantly higher in the threatened abortion group (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Threatened abortion between 6- and 14-weeks gestational age is a complication that may cause anxiety in the early weeks of pregnancy. But the treatment, follow-up and cause of threatened abortion all remain unclear. Key words: abortion; pregnancy outcomes; treatment; first trimester

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of advanced maternal age on pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in patients attending a tertiary centre hospital. Between January 2013 and December 2016, the records of all patients who were referred for pregnancy follow-ups and delivery were retrospectively reviewed and were divided according to their parity and age. Patients over 35 years old were categorised as advanced maternal age; (1) 35–40 years old. (2) 40–45 years old. (3) 45 years and over. Most of the prenatal complications were found to increase in the advanced maternal age group. The caesarian section rate was found to be higher in all advanced maternal age groups. There was no significant relationship between 5 Minute Apgar scores of <7 and perinatal mortality and post-term pregnancy and parity. Globally, advanced maternal age pregnancy shows an increase as a result pregnancy complication will increase. It is important to make a appropriate follow-up for pregnancies of advance maternal age mothers.

It is known that benign gynecological diseases negatively affect sexual function. For this reason, hysterectomy provides improvement in sexual function as well as symptoms such as bleeding and pain. The effects of abdominal hysterectomy (TAH) and laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH), which are the two most common types of hysterectomy today, are not clear. In our study, we investigated the effects of TAH and TLH on sexual function and quality of life as well as intraoperative and postoperative results. In 329 TLH and 126 TAH patients, we compared both and between themselves preoperatively and postoperatively by using the standardized and validated female sexual function index (FSFI) and European quality of life five‐dimension scale (EQ‐5D). In conclusion, we found that both types of hysterectomy were effective in improving sexual function, and we concluded that improvement in the laparoscopy group was statistically higher. Patients who require hysterectomy for benign gynecological reasons should be informed that TLH has a more positive effect on sexual function as well as other advantages, and if the patients’ main complaint is sexual dysfunction, TLH should be preferred compared to TAH.