Background: Insulin resistance has a vital role in the pathophysiology of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Previous investigations have shown that some lipid ratios could be a simple clinical indicator of insulin resistance (IR) in some disorders and ethnicities. The present study was conducted to evaluate the correlation between triglyceride to HDL-cholesterol (TG/HDL-C), total cholesterol to HDL-cholesterol (TC/HDL-C), as well as fasting triglyceride-glucose (TyG) indices with IR (as measured by homeostasis model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR), quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) and fasting glucose to insulin ratio (FGIR)) among the Iranian women diagnosed with PCOS. Methods: In the current study, a total of 305 women with PCOS were evaluated. TG/HDL-C, TC/HDL-C, and TyG indices were calculated. Fasting insulin level was measured using ELISA technique. IR was defined as a HOMA-IR value of ≥2.63, FG-IR value of < 8.25, and QUICKI value of < 0.33. Results: The insulin-resistant (IR) and insulin-sensitive (IS) groups, established by the HOMA-IR, FG-IR, and QUICKI values were different in terms of TG/HDL-C, TC/HDL-C, and TyG indices. These indices were associated with IR even after adjusting for age and BMI. ROC curve analyses showed that TyG, TG/HDL-C, and TC/HDL-C strongly predicted HOMA-IR with area under the curve (AUC) of 0.639, 0.619, and 0.623, respectively (P < 0.05). Further, TC/HDL-C was a good predictor of FG-IR with AUC of 0.614 (P = 0.04). Conclusion: TyG, TG/HDL-C, and TC/HDL-C indices might be good indicators of IR among Iranian women diagnosed with PCOS.

Patients diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are at high risk of developing a myriad of endocrinologic and metabolic derailments. Moreover, PCOS is a leading cause of habitual abortion, also known as recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). Meteorin-like protein (Metrnl) is a newly discovered adipokine with the potential to counteract the metaflammation. This study aimed at determining the associations of serum Metrnl levels with homocysteine, hs-CRP, and some components of metabolic syndrome in PCOS-RPL and infertile PCOS patients.This case-control study was conducted in 120 PCOS patients (60 PCOS-RPL and 60 infertile) and 60 control. Serum hs-CRP and homocysteine were assessed using commercial kits, while adiponectin, Metrnl, FSH, LH, free testosterone and insulin levels were analyzed using ELISA technique. Serum Metrnl levels were found to be lower in PCOS patients when compared to controls (67.98 ± 26.66 vs. 96.47 ± 28.72 pg/mL, P <0.001)). Furthermore, serum adiponectin levels were lower, while free testosterone, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, homocysteine, and hs-CRP were significantly higher in PCOS group compared to controls. Moreover, serum Metrnl correlated with BMI, adiponectin, and homocysteine in controls, and inversely correlated with FBG, fasting insulin, and HOMA-IR in PCOS group and subgroups. Besides, it inversely correlated with hs-CRP in control, and PCOS group and subgroups. These findings revealed a possible role of Metrnl in the pathogenesis of PCOS and RPL. Nevertheless, there is a necessity for future studies to prove this concept.