The basophil activation test (BAT) is a modern in vitro functional assay used for the diagnosis of immunoglobulin E-mediated allergic reactions. The method is based on flow cytometric assessment of activation marker expression on peripheral blood basophils after stimulation with specific allergens. BAT has gained increasing clinical relevance in allergology, particularly in patients with anaphylaxis risk, polysensitization, drug hypersensitivity, and inconclusive skin or serological test results. This narrative review summarizes current evidence on the diagnostic performance and clinical applications of BAT in food allergy, drug hypersensitivity, Hymenoptera venom allergy, latex sensitization, and allergen immunotherapy monitoring. The review discusses the immunological mechanisms of basophil activation, the role of CD63 and CD203c, methodological aspects of the assay, sensitivity and specificity data, and advantages and limitations compared with conventional diagnostic approaches. Particular attention is given to protocol standardization, interpretation criteria, and the problem of non-responder patients. Current evidence indicates that BAT demonstrates high specificity and provides functional assessment of clinically relevant allergic reactions. In addition, this review proposes practical clinical frameworks for integrating BAT into allergy diagnostic pathways and for managing inconclusive or non-responder BAT results. Further standardization, multiplex formats, and automated analytical approaches may expand its role in personalized allergy diagnostics.

Biological matrices are used in abdominal wall reconstruction, but their performance depends on the host response after implantation. We compared the early local and systemic biochemical responses to a newly developed bovine peritoneum-derived extracellular matrix (BPEM) and Permacol in a rat abdominal wall repair model. Sixty-four adult white outbred rats of both sexes were studied in a balanced 2 × 4 factorial design with independent terminal groups at postoperative days 5, 7, 14, and 21 (n = 8/material/time point). Peri-implant tissue and plasma from the same animal were analyzed for ASF, RNA, DNA, xanthine, H1, H2A-H3-H4, and H2B. Robust factorial models were used to assess the effects of material, time, and their interaction; exact Mann–Whitney tests with Holm correction identified time-specific between-material differences. Tissue showed significant time effects for all seven indicators and five material × time interactions, with the most pronounced between-material differences observed on day 5. Plasma showed several overall material effects but fewer time-specific differences. Significant post hoc differences were bidirectional rather than consistently higher with BPEM. These findings characterize the early local and systemic biochemical responses to BPEM and Permacol and extend the preclinical evaluation of the newly developed BPEM.