Privacy-preserving data aggregation (P2DA) is an important basic building block that can protect consumer's privacy in the smart grid environment because it could be used to prevent the extraction of the electricity consumption information of a specific consumer. Due to this important function, the P2DA scheme for the smart grid has attracted a lot of attention from both academic and industry researchers who have proposed many P2DA schemes for the smart grid in recent years. However, most of these P2DA schemes are not secure against internal attackers or cannot provide data integrity. Besides, their computation costs are not satisfactory because the bilinear pairing operation or the hash-to-point operation is performed at the smart meter's side. To address the deficiencies of previous schemes, we propose a new P2DA scheme against internal attackers using Boneh-Goh-Nissim public key cryptography. The proposed P2DA scheme does not use bilinear pairing or hash-to-point operation making it be more computationally efficient than previous P2DA schemes. We also show that the proposed P2DA scheme is provably secure and can meet various security requirements.

With rapid developments of sensor, wireless and mobile communication technologies, Mobile Healthcare Social Networks (MHSNs) have emerged as a popular means of communication in healthcare services. Within MHSNs, patients can use their mobile devices to securely share their experiences, broaden their understanding of the illness or symptoms, form a supportive network, and transmit information (e.g., state of health and new symptoms) between users and other stake holders (e.g., medical center). Despite the benefits afforded by MHSNs, there are underlying security and privacy issues (e.g., due to the transmission of messages via a wireless channel). The handshake scheme is an important cryptographic mechanism, which can provide secure communication in MHSNs (e.g., anonymity and mutual authentication between users, such as patients). In this paper, we present a new framework for the handshake scheme in MHSNs, which is based on hierarchical identity-based cryptography. We then construct an efficient Cross-Domain HandShake (CDHS) scheme that allows symptoms-matching within MHSNs. For example, using the proposed CDHS scheme, two patients registered with different healthcare centers can achieve mutual authentication and generate a session key for future secure communications. We then prove the security of the scheme, and a comparative summary demonstrates that the proposed CDHS scheme requires fewer computation and lower communication costs. We also implement the proposed CDHS scheme and three related schemes in a proof of concept Android app to demonstrate utility of the scheme. Findings from the evaluations demonstrate that the proposed CDHS scheme achieves a reduction of 18.14 and 5.41 percent in computation cost and communication cost, in comparison to three other related handshake schemes.

In recent years, the use of remote operation has been proposed as a bridge towards driverless mobility by providing human assistance remotely when an automated driving system finds a situation that is ambiguous and requires input from a remote operator. The remote operation of road vehicles has also been proposed as a way to enable drivers to operate vehicles from safer and more comfortable locations. While commercial solutions for remote operation exist, remaining challenges are being tackled by research community, who is continuously testing and validating the feasibility of deploying remote operation of road vehicles on public roads. These tests range from the technological scope to the social aspects such as acceptability and usability that affect human performance. This survey presents a compilation of works that approach the remote operation of road vehicles. We start by describing the basic architecture of remote operation systems and classify their modes of operation depending on the level of human intervention. We use this classification to organize and present recent and relevant work on the field from industry and academia. Finally, we identify the challenges in the deployment of remote operation systems in the technological, regulatory, and commercial scopes.

Cooperative awareness on the road is intended to support the road users by providing knowledge about the surroundings and relies on the information exchange enabled by vehicular communications. To achieve this goal the European telecommunication standard institute (ETSI) delivered the standard EN 302 637-2 for cooperative awareness messages (CAM). The CAM triggering conditions are based on the kinematics of the originating vehicle, which is checked periodically. In this paper, we show that the standardized ETSI protocol may suffer a decrease in communication performance under several realistic mobility patterns. The potential influence of the discovered phenomena on the IEEE 802.11p medium access control operation is studied.

Tight coupling between the performance of vehicleto-vehicle (V2V) communications and the performance of Cooperative Intelligent Transportation Systems (C-ITS) safety applications is addressed. A Cyber-Physical System (CPS) analytical framework is developed that links the characteristics of V2V communications (such as packet loss probability and packet transmission delay) with the physical mobility characteristics of the vehicular system (such as safe inter-vehicular distance). The study is applied to the Day 1 C-ITS application, Emergency Electronic Brake Lights (EEBL), enabled by ETSI ITS-G5 and IEEE 802.11p standards.

Sensor data sharing enables vehicles to exchange locally perceived sensor data among each other and with the roadside infrastructure to increase their environmental awareness. It is commonly regarded as a next-generation vehicular communication service beyond the exchange of highly aggregated messages in the first generation. The approach is being considered in the European standardization process, where it relies on the exchange of locally detected objects representing anything safety-relevant, such as other vehicles or pedestrians, in periodically broadcasted messages to vehicles in direct communication range. Objects filtering methods for inclusion in a message are necessary to avoid overloading a channel and provoking unnecessary data processing. Initial studies provided in a pre-standardization report about sensor data sharing elaborated a first set of rules to filter objects based on their characteristics, such as their dynamics or type. However, these rules still lack the consideration of information received by other stations to operate. Specifically, to address the problem of information redundancy, several rules have been proposed, but their performance has not been evaluated yet comprehensively. In the present work, the rules are further analyzed, assessed, and compared. Functional and operational requirements are investigated. A performance evaluation is realized by discrete-event simulations in a scenario for a representative city with realistic vehicle densities and mobility patterns. A score and other redundancy-level metrics are elaborated to ease the evaluation and comparison of the filtering rules. Finally, improvements and future works to the filtering methods are proposed.