The analgesic benefit of melatonin and vitamin C as primary or adjuvant agents has been reported in various studies; however, their analgesic effects in the treatment of postoperative pain remain unclear. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the effect of single preoperative dose of oral melatonin or vitamin C administration on postoperative analgesia. In this study, we recruited 165 adult patients undergoing elective major abdominal surgery under general anesthesia. Patients were randomly divided into three equal (n = 55) groups. One hour before surgery, patients received orally melatonin (6 mg) in group M, vitamin C (2 g) in group C, or a placebo tablet in group P. Pain, sedation, patient satisfaction, total morphine consumption from a patient-controlled analgesia device, supplemental analgesic requirement, and the incidence of nausea and vomiting were recorded throughout 24 h after surgery. The mean pain score and total morphine consumption were found significantly lower in both M and C groups compared with group P (p < 0.001). There were no significant differences between group M and C with respect to pain scores (p = 0.117) and total morphine consumption (p = 0.090). Patients requested less supplemental analgesic and experienced less nausea and vomiting in groups M and C compared with group P. In conclusion, preoperative oral administration of 6 mg melatonin or 2 g vitamin C led to a reduction in pain scores, total morphine consumption, supplemental analgesic requirement, and the incidence of nausea and vomiting compared with placebo.

Objective: Lifestyle modification requires extensive information sharing and counseling. However, one-on-one primary care consultations are lacking to cover all necessary components due to time constraints. This preliminary study aims to investigate the feasibility and effects of lifestyle-changing intervention by family physician-led group visits (GVs) on weight management in overweight and obese women. Methods: 60 volunteers fulfilling the inclusion criteria were enrolled. Baseline and 6th month assessments consisted of anthropometric measurements, SF-36 Health Survey, blood variables, exercise test, and resting metabolic rate. Weight maintenance was controlled at the 12th month. Results: Although weight loss among participants varied, the mean body weights were significantly decreased by 8.2% in full-attenders (n = 30). A significant increase in HDL-cholesterol and decreases in heart rate and blood pressure were found. SF-36 summary scales were significantly improved. Weight change was moderately correlated with exercise duration, compliance to diet, and baseline mental component score. It was determined that 62.5% of the participants either lost or maintained body weight at the 12th month. Conclusion: Significant weight loss and quality of life improvement was achieved in this pilot study. GVs may be a promising alternative to primary care consultations for obesity management; however, the high dropout level and diverse outcomes need further assessment.

Objective and Aim Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major public health problem, and achieving glycemic control is critically important in primary care settings. This study aimed to determine the sociodemographic, lifestyle, treatment adherence, healthcare access, and psychosocial factors affecting glycemic control (HbA1c) in patients with T2DM followed at a family health center. Material and Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted between 15 April and 15 June 2025 at Akkapi No. 2 Family Health Center, Seyhan, Adana, Türkiye. A total of 120 registered patients with T2DM (out of 254 registered diabetic patients) were included after sample size calculation. Data were collected via a comprehensive questionnaire covering demographic characteristics, lifestyle and dietary habits, treatment adherence, healthcare utilization, and perceived glycemic control. Laboratory results, including HbA1c, were obtained from patient records. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 23; p<0.05 was considered significant. Results The mean age of the participants was 57.51 ± 11.13 years, mean body mass index (BMI) was 28.68 ± 4.65 kg/m², and mean duration of diabetes diagnosis was 8.44 ± 7.61 years. When lifestyle and dietary habits were examined, 93.3% of the participants consumed at least two main meals per day, 38.3% consumed snacks, and 81.7% slept 7–8 hours per night. Regarding healthcare services and follow-up, 40% of the participants had not attended a doctor’s visit in the last 6 months, 70% had received diabetes education, and 87.5% reported no difficulty in treatment adherence. When the relationship between HbA1c levels and sociodemographic characteristics was evaluated, statistically significant differences were found between HbA1c and education level, treatment adherence, type of treatment, and physical activity (p1=0.039, p2=0.000, p3=0.004, p4=0.033). Conclusions The main factors associated with better glycemic control in primary care are higher education and income levels, regular physical activity, and strong treatment adherence. The findings emphasize the importance of tailored diabetes education programs, especially for individuals with low literacy, promoting regular physical activity, enhancing treatment adherence with supportive tools, and removing barriers to healthcare access. Keywords: Glycemic Control, Hba1c, Family Medicine, Treatment Adherence

Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the contribution of tertiary health services to the specialty training of family medicine residents by retrospectively examining the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients who visited the Family Medicine Clinic at Adana City Training and Research Hospital. The findings aim to provide clinically based recommendations for structuring family medicine residency training in line with tertiary care dynamics. Methods: This study was designed as a cross-sectional and retrospective study. After obtaining ethical approval, the electronic health records of patients who visited the Family Medicine-1 outpatient clinic at Adana City Training and Research Hospital between January 15, 2024, and October 15, 2024, were reviewed. Data were obtained from the hospital automation program and the Ministry of Health's platform and analyzed using statistical software. Results: The mean age of the 6,796 patients who applied was 31.05±14.55, 58.62% were female, and 41.37% were male; applications were particularly concentrated in the 20-34 age group. 29.3% of the total number of applications were from Syrian origin. Clinically, the most common diagnoses were acute upper respiratory tract infection (19.33%) and iron deficiency anemia (10.88%). The antibiotic prescription rate was 51.27%, which is higher than the provincial (29.39%) and Turkish (20.82%) averages. The average number of medications per prescription was 0.32 in the outpatient clinic, which is below the provincial (0.43) and national (0.53) averages. Conclusion: The data obtained in the study show that the outpatient clinic focuses on administrative requests such as marriage and employment reports, while preventive health services are limited. High prescription and examination rates also reveal that outpatient services provided at the tertiary level differ from primary care practices. Practical skills related to status reports should be developed in specialty training Keywords: Family Medicine, Family Medicine Residency Training, Tertiary Care

Objective: In our study, anxiety level and quality of life were determined in patients with CSU and the variables affecting these two factors were analyzed. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted using face-to-face interviews with 66 patients who were diagnosed with CSU and admitted to the Dermatology Clinic of Adana City Training and Research Hospital in 2023. Results: 78.8% of the participants were female, the mean age was 40.22±12.82 years, and the mean duration of the disease was 5.36±6.05 years. The mean Urticaria Control Test (UCT) was 8.80±4.90, and 95.8% of the participants with good disease control received Omalizumab treatment (p=0.000). Participants with poorly controlled disease had a higher total score on the Beck Anxiety Scale (BAS) (11.40±7.41). The mean total score of the Chronic Urticaria Quality of Life Questionnaire (CU-Q2oL) was calculated as 45.17±15.52. Conclusion: The findings of our study reveal the relationship between impaired quality of life and anxiety levels with disease activity in patients with CSU. Even if not life-threatening from the patient’s perspective, the uncertainty of symptoms is uncomfortable and limits daily life. New generation drugs such as omalizumab may positively affect quality of life.

Objective: This study aims to define the learning styles and personality traits of family medicine residents and to explore their interrelationships, contributing to a better understanding of how these factors can enhance the effectiveness of residency training. Unlike previous research, this study specifically examines the alignment between learning styles and personality traits within the context of family medicine training, providing new insights into personalized educational strategies. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted with 97 family medicine residents in Adana City Training and Research Hospital between 15 February 2023 and 15 April 2023. Sociodemographic data questions, Kolb Learning Styles Inventory-3 and Big Five-50 Personality Test (BFPI-50-Tr) were collected through face-to-face interviews with the participants and the data were analyzed with IBM SPSS 24.0 software. Results: The majority of the participants exhibited a diverging learning style (48.5%), followed by accommodating (29.9%) and assimilating (19.6%) styles. The highest mean score in personality traits was observed in agreeableness (40.11±4.32), while the lowest mean score was found in extraversion (30.23±6.70).There was no statistically significant relationship between personality test results and learning styles (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The findings suggest that the majority of family medicine residents prefer diverging and accommodating learning styles, which emphasize learning through experience, discussion, and practical application. To optimize residency education, training programs should incorporate group discussions, brainstorming activities, and experiential learning methods tailored to these styles. Additionally, considering the high agreeableness scores among residents, fostering collaborative and interactive learning environments may further enhance their professional development.