The PFM-based DEFC with as-prepared Pd/Ni–SnO₂/C as the anode catalyst and porous NiCo₂O₄ as the cathode catalyst delivers encouraging properties.

The direct conversion of CO2 to CO represents a high-value-added approach for CO2 utilization. Non-thermal plasmas have gained increasing recognition for their capability to transform CO2 into valuable chemicals. This study examines the impact of using singular or binary foam metals (Fe and Ni) in a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma reactor on CO2 conversion, as well as the thermal stability and durability of these foam metals. The findings indicate that the incorporation of foam metals significantly influences the reaction dynamics. Specifically, among the singular foam metals, the synergistic catalytic conversion involving IF and DBD achieved the highest efficiency, reaching 30%. The CO2 conversion with NF can achieve up to 25% under optimal conditions. Under identical testing conditions, while the catalytic conversion performance of Fe7Ni3 binary foam metal in DBD is slightly lower than that of IF, it demonstrates superior thermal stability and service life, with the CO2 conversion peaking at 28%. Additionally, this study investigates the effects of varying the quantities of Fe7Ni3 catalysts and residence time on CO2 conversion. The results reveal that CO2 conversion increases with extended residence times but decreases with higher loading quantities of Fe7Ni3 catalysts.