O avanço tecnológico na agropecuária e a crescente demanda por proteína animal tornam imprescindível a adoção de novas tecnologias para otimizar a pecuária no Pampa Gaúcho. Embora o Brasil seja uma referência global na produção de carne, a implementação de inovações no campo ainda é restrita. Nesse contexto, o uso de imagens remotas para o manejo de pastagens surge como uma alternativa vantajosa, permitindo otimizar tempo e deslocamento. Este estudo avaliou a eficácia da utilização de imagens captadas por drones na estimativa de parâmetros biofísicos do Capim-Sudão BRS Estribo, incluindo altura, matéria seca e relação folha/colmo, por meio de diferentes índices de vegetação. O experimento foi conduzido em uma propriedade rural localizada em Dom Pedrito, Rio Grande do Sul, com a área experimental subdividida em 32 unidades de 14 m² cada. As coletas de dados ocorreram 17 dias após a instalação do experimento e incluíram levantamento aéreo com drone, além de medições diretas da matéria seca e da altura das plantas. Os índices de vegetação GLI e RGBVI apresentaram forte correlação com altura e matéria seca (R² de 82% e 85%, respectivamente), enquanto a relação folha/colmo não demonstrou associação significativa. O erro médio na estimativa da matéria seca foi de 232,28 kg/ha, e na altura das plantas, de 3,62 cm. Os resultados indicam que o sensoriamento remoto por drones representa uma alternativa promissora aos métodos destrutivos na análise de biomassa e altura de plantas em Capim-Sudão, promovendo maior eficiência e sustentabilidade no manejo de pastagens.

Phosphorus (P) is an important element, essential for plant growth and development. In this context, the use of microorganisms as promoters of P availability in the soil solution is necessary. This study defined management zones (MZ) based on the spatial variability of soil P content and evaluated the effects of P application, both from mineral and biological sources, within each MZ on soybean performance and soil properties after application. The results indicated that P management, especially in MZ with lower initial P content, is effective in increasing soybean yield (11.57%) and P content in soil (19%). The supply of P via solubilizer increased the thousand-grain weight by up to 5.84% and the soybean yield by up to 5.38%. Increases of up to 4.79% in the thousand-grain weight, 5.55% in grain P content and up to 6.29% in soybean yield, were observed for the supply of P via mineral source. The use of MZ based on the spatial variability of P content in the soil proved to be an efficient tool for optimizing P application, contributing to greater yield and better use of resources, especially in areas with low fertility. This reinforces the importance of precision management strategies in the use of P fertilizers, adapted to specific soil conditions, to maximize yield and improve nutrient use efficiency.

Phosphorus (P) is an essential element for plant growth and development. Studies show that up to 90% of phosphorus applied via inorganic fertilizer is adsorbed or precipitated into colloids and not made available to plants. In this context, the use of microorganisms as promoters of P availability in the soil solution is essential. The objectives of this work were to delimit management zones (MZ) based on the spatial variability of P content in the soil and to investigate the effects of P supply, from different sources (mineral and biological) applied in each ZM, on the soybean crop and on the soil after applications. The results indicate that P management, both via mineral sources and the use of solubilizers, is effective in increasing soybean productivity, grain weight, and P content in soil and grains, especially in management zones with lower initial P content. The use of management zones based on the spatial variability of P content in the soil proved to be an efficient tool for optimizing phosphorus application, contributing to greater productivity and better use of resources, especially in areas with low fertility. This reinforces the importance of precision management strategies in the use of fertilizers, adapted to specific soil conditions, to maximize yield and improve nutrient use efficiency.

This study investigated the role of soil chemical attributes in explaining yield variability in a commercial flooded rice system in southern Brazil during the 2024/2025 growing season. We hypothesized that spatial variability in rice yield is primarily controlled by soil fertility gradients and redox-induced accumulation of Fe and Mn under flooding conditions. The study was conducted in a 45-ha field, where 44 soil samples (0–20 cm) were analyzed for chemical attributes and irrigation water depth. Grain yield data were collected using a combine harvester equipped with a yield monitor and used to generate thematic and relative yield maps. Data were evaluated through descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and principal component analysis (PCA). Average grain yield was 10.35 t ha⁻¹, with a spatial variability range of 4.5 t ha⁻¹. PCA explained 76.4% of the total variance, with the first component representing a fertility gradient characterized by higher Ca, Mg, organic matter, and Si contents positively associated with yield, whereas Fe and Mn showed negative associations. High-yield zones exhibited greater cation saturation and lower Fe and Mn concentrations. These findings demonstrate that yield heterogeneity is driven by the interaction between soil fertility and redox-mediated micronutrient dynamics, highlighting the importance of site-specific nutrient and water management.