The increasing global consumption of plastic products has resulted in a growing accumulation of plastic waste, posing severe environmental challenges. The study aims to explore methods for recycling plastic macaque waste to produce carbon nanomaterials. Carbon nanomaterials were obtained via electric arc discharge from plastic waste processed at 1173 K in a nitrogen and water vapor environment. Key properties such as moisture, ash, and volatility were analyzed with a Thermoster Eltra analyzer. Pore volume, bulk density, pH, and adsorption activity were also assessed. This study addresses plastic waste pollution by converting it into porous carbon nanomaterials through pyrolysis at 900 °C. These materials, used as electrodes, produce graphene-forming nanomaterials via electric arc discharge. Analysis confirmed the composition using Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and gas chromatography. The study reveals that the electrical conductivity of the synthesized carbon nanomaterials is close to that of graphite, with a reduction in electrical resistance of up to 3.6 times compared to the initial carbonized material. The process yields valuable products like nanomaterials, hydrogen, and flammable gases. This research presents an innovative and sustainable approach for the recycling of plastic waste into graphene-forming carbon nanomaterials using electric arc discharge.

Purpose. To determine and compare the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of products obtained under different coking conditions to streamline the process and consider the deeper use of recycled materials at Shubarkol Komir JSC. Methodology. Based on the existing coking technology on the basis of the enterprise, two variants of temperature exposure to coal were tested. The first option is heating coal to 900 C, which is carried out by slow thermolysis of coal in a stream of ascending gases. The second option is high-speed heating of coal to 900 C with further loading of the released products into the chamber for additional pyrolysis at 800 C, which is carried out with the development of reactions involving oxygen-containing gases from the furnace and from the outside. Findings. At the production site as well as under laboratory conditions, the composition and quality characteristics of the products of heat treatment of long-flame coal under various temperature effects were determined. Differences in the composition of decomposition products were noted and their quantitative yield was determined. Originality. Analytical data on coking products have been obtained and the dependences of their quantitative and physical parameters on different applications of thermolysis on the coals of the Shubarkol deposit have been established. Practical value. The results of the work allow improving the technology of coke production by introducing an additional stage of pyrolysis, which will lead to an improvement in the consumer properties of coke, and also create conditions for the development of methods for using secondary production products.

This research is based on the investigation of the physicochemical properties of adsorbents based on potassium humate. During this study, we evaluated the structure, characteristics, and adsorption capacity of these materials. Potassium humate served as the main starting material, and we used a series of high-temperature carbonization and activation processes to produce the adsorbents we were investigating. We characterized the surface structure, porosity, and elemental composition of the resulting adsorbents using techniques such as cryogenic scanning probe microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). We determined the specific surface area of the adsorbents in terms of surface volume using gas absorption techniques, specifically the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method. The findings reveal a significant improvement in the porosity and adsorption properties of activated adsorbents. Most of these materials have a high specific surface area, which indicates their exceptional adsorption capacity. These porous carbonaceous adsorbents, obtained through the methods described, are well-suited for purifying industrial wastewater and can act as effective gas adsorbents, including for hydrogen storage. Further research and experimentation hold promise for even greater improvements. Based on the results obtained through these methods, potassium Humate-derived adsorbents emerge as a versatile and technologically feasible raw material with wide-ranging applications.

Статья посвящена обзору экспериментальных работ по брикетированию отходов обогатительных процессов на Шубаркольском месторождении в рамках улучшения системы управления качеством добываемого угля. Проведенная работа представляет собой полный цикл подготовки угля к реализации и рационализации производственных процессов. Обогащение происходило на промышленной установке на базе производителя. Полученные показатели доли угольной мелочи позволили установить оптимальные соотношения для формирования брикетов из новых связующих материалов преимущественно из вторичных остатков основных производственных процессов. Оценены прочностные, технические и теплотворные характеристики термически обработанных брикетов. This article is devoted to a review of experimental work on briquetting waste from enrichment processes at the Shubarkol deposit as part of improving the quality management system of mined coal. The carried work represents a full cycle of coal preparation for implementation and rationalization of production processes. The enrichment took place on an industrial equipment in the basis of the manufacturer. The obtained indicators of the share of coal fines made it possible to establish optimal ratios for the formation of briquettes from new binding materials, mainly from secondary residues of the main production processes. The strength, technical and calorific characteristics of thermally treated briquettes have been evaluated.

Данная статья посвящена обзору методов обогащения угля и лабораторных испытаний по снижению зольности угля. Обсуждение проблемы высокой зольности вызвана спросом на отечественный уголь и конкуренцией на мировом рынке. На сегодняшний день продолжают развиваться наиболее распространенные техники обогащения угля, и только комбинирование методов приводит к наиболее приближенному результату, востребованному потребителями. Применение уже известных высокотехнологических способов требует больших капитальных затрат и эксплуатационных расходов во всех циклах производства. При этом глубокая очистка достигается исключительно немеханическим воздействием на уголь. В работе представлен способ кислотной очистки от неорганических примесей, нехарактерный для обогащения угля. Приведены результаты и сравнительный анализ обработки угля с разным уровнем зольности. This article is devoted to the review of methods of coal enrichment and laboratory testing to reduce the ash content of coal. Discussion of the problem of high ash content caused by the demand for domestic coal and competition in the world market. To date, the most common coal processing techniques continue to develop, and only a combination of methods leads to the most approximate result that is in demand by consumers. The use of already known high-tech methods requires large capital expenditures and operating costs in all production cycles. At the same time, deep cleaning is achieved exclusively by non-mechanical action on coal. The paper presents a method of acid purification from inorganic impurities that is not typical for coal enrichment. The results and comparative analysis of the processing of coal with different levels of ash content are presented.