Athletes performing high-intensity movements such as sprinting, jumping, and powerlifting rely on precise muscle coordination to generate the necessary forces for efficient movement. Examining how forces are distributed across muscle groups during these activities is critical for enhancing performance and reducing injury risks. However, detailed insights into the muscle force contributions during these specific movements are still limited. This study aims to address this gap by using advanced biomechanical techniques and numerical simulations to analyze the distribution of muscle forces in athletes engaged in these high-intensity tasks. Thirty-two athletes, including 15 professionals and 17 amateurs, participated in this research. Data were collected using motion capture systems, electromyography (EMG), and force plates. The musculoskeletal simulations were run on OpenSim, focusing on key muscle groups like the quadriceps, hamstrings, gluteus maximus, gastrocnemius, and iliopsoas. In sprinting, the quadriceps generated peak force during the stance phase, reaching 1452 N between 200–250 ms, while the gastrocnemius & soleus produced 845 N, contributing to ankle plantarflexion. The iliopsoas took over during the swing phase, peaking at 620 N to elevate the leg. In jumping, the quadriceps exhibited a maximum force of 1480 N in the take-off phase, with the gastrocnemius reaching 1020 N, supporting upward propulsion. During powerlifting, particularly the back squat, the quadriceps reached 1520 N during the concentric phase, while the hamstrings peaked at 1220 N, contributing to knee stabilization and hip extension.

Snake-gut bacterial isolates may have distinctive functional potential, but their application requires consideration of both strain-level functional evaluation and safety risk screening. This study combined in vitro phenotypic data, long-read whole-genome sequencing, species-matched comparative genomics, and multi-database screening to comprehensively characterize the previously high-performing Enterococcus hirae SA0215 and Lactococcus lactis SA0220 from Trimerodytes annularis and Enterococcus faecalis TP0208 from Trimerodytes percarinatus. All three strains yielded negative results in the gelatinase and catalase tests, and none could effectively use mucin as a carbon source to support vigorous growth; E. hirae SA0215 and L. lactis SA0220 tested qualitatively positive for bile salt hydrolase, and L. lactis SA0220 also exhibited significant auto-aggregation and co-aggregation capacities. Genomic analysis suggested that E. hirae SA0215 possessed features related to nutrient utilization and cell-surface homeostasis, together with features potentially related to antibacterial activity, whereas L. lactis SA0220 showed relatively prominent acid-stress-related modules and carbon-source utilization strategies under nutrient fluctuations. Although E. faecalis TP0208 possessed diverse metabolism-related modules, it also carried risk signals related to adhesion, biofilm formation, extracellular proteolysis, and antimicrobial resistance. Based on the combined phenotypic and genomic evidence, E. hirae SA0215 and L. lactis SA0220 may be further evaluated for in vivo safety and efficacy, whereas E. faecalis TP0208, as a subject for safety risk characterization, requires further targeted safety assessment. This study provides a strain-level framework for functional evaluation and risk stratification of isolates from nontraditional hosts.