The current study presents a new Lulesia species, namely L. umbrinomarginata, based on morphological and phylogenetic evidence. The analysis of five-locus dataset (ITS, LSU, RPB2, TEF1, and ATP6) suggests that it belongs to Lulesia subgenus Lulesia. It is distinguished by its clitocyboid basidiome, featuring a greyish brown to wood brown pileus with a darker involute margin, a depressed center and a positive red reaction to KOH, pale yellow-brown decurrent lamellae, a whitish, slightly eccentric stipe that darkens near the apex, an irregular lamellar trama, broadly ellipsoid angular basidiospores ornamented with undulating pustules, and the absence of clamp connections.

Laccaria is a large genus within the family Hydnangiaceae, and many potential species remain to be discovered in China. The present study describes three new species, L. carminostipes, L. mangshanensis and L. sinolateritia, and reports two new records, L. japonica and L. versiforma, which were originally discovered in Japan and Korea, respectively. These species were collected from subtropical mixed forests and identified based on morphological and phylogenetic evidence. Our phylogenetic analysis of the concatenated nucleotide sequences of ITS, LSU, TEF1 and RPB2 demonstrated that the three new species each formed a distinct clade, clearly separated from other known Laccaria species. A detailed description and illustrations of these species are also provided.

A new species, Lulesia subalpina, is described from Yunnan Province, China, based on morphological and phylogenetic evidence. A phylogenetic analysis of a five-locus dataset (ITS, LSU, RPB2, TEF1, and ATP6) supports its placement as sister to L. fallax within the subgenus Paraclitopilus. This species occurs in subalpine coniferous forests and is characterized by its whitish pileus that shows negative reaction to KOH, cream decurrent lamellae with a subregular lamellar trama, and broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid basidiospores with a distinctly undulate to angular surface.

Clitocybaceae is a family of predominantly saprotrophic fungi with important edible and medicinal value. However, the edibility and toxicity of many species within this family remain unknown, posing a poisoning risk. In this study, 24 Chinese specimens, most of which were collected from poisoning sites, were identified. Phylogenetic analyses based on ITS and six loci (ITS, LSU, TEF1, RPB1, RPB2, and ATP6) and a phylogenomic analysis based on 485 single-copy genes were conducted to determine their placement within Clitocybaceae. Their morphological features were observed, particularly the spore surface. Based on the obtained results, a new genus with distinctly verrucose spores, Allolepista, is proposed to accommodate the clade that exhibits a very large genetic distance from its sister clade, Lepista s.str. A new species, Clitocybe sinensis, is described. Three new combinations, A. crenata (≡L. crenata), A. benekei (≡Cli. benekei), and A. rhodotoides (≡L. rhodotoides), are made. Clitocybe violaceifolia, originally described from the Pacific coast of the USA, is reported for the first time in China. Collybia sinoborealis and Pseudolyophyllum liwanense are found to be junior synonyms of Col. violea and A. benekei, respectively, while Cli. lamoureae and Col. urbana turn out to be synonymous with Cli. truncicola. Based on the symptoms observed in poisoning cases, A. benekei is found to cause gastroenteritis, while Cli. sinensis, Cli. truncicola, Col. bisterigmata, Col. brunneoumbilicata, and Col. subtropica lead to muscarinic syndrome. These results expand our understanding of the toxicity and species diversity of Clitocybaceae, providing a reference for public food safety.