Background: Malignant bowel obstruction (MBO) is a complication of advanced abdominal cancer. Management should be individualized, ranging from surgical or endoscopic interventions to symptom control and comfort measures in inoperable cases. This study examines predictors of survival and disparities in treatment among patients with inoperable MBO. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 63 patients with MBO treated non-operatively between July 2019 and June 2023 at the University of New Mexico in the Southwestern United States. Of 421 patients screened, exclusions were based on incomplete records or failure to meet clinical and radiological criteria for MBO. Data included demographics, tumor types, treatments, inflammatory markers, and outcomes. Statistical analyses included t-tests, logistic regression, and adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Length of stay (LOS) and survival duration were analyzed using mean differences. Subgroup comparisons identified disparities across gender, ethnicity, and language preferences. Results: The cohort included 39 females (61.9%) and 24 males (38.1%) with a mean age of 63.2 years [standard deviation (SD) =13.8]. The most common causes of MBO were gastrointestinal (GI) tumors (46%) and gynecologic cancers (34%). The median survival was 25 days, with significant disparities observed. Non-English speakers had higher odds of survival [odds ratio (OR) =5.56, P=0.04], while sepsis at admission was associated with 100% mortality. Elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) (15.85 vs. 8.78 days, P=0.06), steroid use (11.36 vs. 9.92 days, P=0.15), nasogastric (NG) tube placement (10.95 vs. 9 days, P=0.11), and parenteral hydration (12.55 vs. 9.16 days, P=0.37) were associated with longer LOS, though these differences did not reach statistical significance. Higher body mass index (BMI) correlated positively with survival [25.57 (24.0) vs. 24.17 (24.72) kg/m², P=0.03]. Female patients were more likely to receive NG tubes (OR =3.05, P=0.050) and achieve nonsurgical resolution (OR =3.45, P=0.041) but were less likely to enroll in hospice (OR =0.17, P=0.003). Steroids (22.2%) and octreotide (11.1%) were underutilized despite their role in symptom management. Conclusions: Disparities in MBO management highlight gaps in equitable care, particularly gender and language preference. Non-English-speaking patients had a survival advantage, underscoring the importance of culturally tailored care. The underutilization of palliative treatments, such as steroids and octreotide, reveals inconsistencies in guideline adherence. The association of sepsis with 100% mortality reinforces the need for early infection management. Standardized, evidence-based protocols and culturally appropriate care could improve outcomes for this high-risk population.

Young breast cancer survivors often develop post-breast surgery pain syndrome (PBSPS). Despite potential benefit from physical activity, access to in-person programs is often limited by competing work and caregiving responsibilities. We assessed the feasibility and acceptability of a remotely delivered physical activity intervention for young Hispanic breast cancer survivors with PBSPS. Our single-arm, 12-week feasibility study enrolled Hispanic women aged ≤60, at least 3 months post-treatment for invasive breast cancer or ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), with PBSPS. Using a Fitbit Inspire 3 activity tracker and health coaching, the program encouraged whole-of-day movement to increase activity. Feasibility outcomes included recruitment, retention, and adherence. Secondary outcomes assessed pain measures, daily steps, and quality of life (QOL). Twenty-five breast cancer survivors enrolled (mean age 47.4 years [SD 6.3]), with 76% selecting Spanish-language health coaching. Retention at 12 weeks was 79% (19/24). Engagement with health coaching was high, with 95% completing at least 4 of 5 pre-planned calls. The mean change in daily step count was 1502 (−348, 3353), with twelve (66.7%) increasing in step count (median 2334.5, range: 14, 13,422). Each additional 1000-step increase was associated with a 2.67-point increase in pain self-efficacy scores (β = 2.669, 95% CI: 0.884 to 4.454, p = 0.006). A remotely delivered, health coaching physical activity intervention was feasible and acceptable for young Hispanic breast cancer survivors with PBSPS. This supports further evaluation in a larger trial. Accessible survivorship interventions for young breast cancer patients in their preferred language are needed.

Background: Hispanic adults comprise approximately 19.1% (63.6 million) of the U.S. population yet remain yet only 2%–4% of therapeutic oncology trial participants are Hispanic/Latinx. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most rapidly increasing cancers in this group, accounting for nearly 8000 new cases and over 1300 deaths annually among Hispanic Americans. Despite this burden, the inclusion, reporting, and analysis of Hispanic participants in RCC drug trials have not been systematically evaluated. Objective: To assess Hispanic inclusion, demographic reporting, and subgroup analysis in Phase III and IV systemic therapy trials for RCC conducted between 2005 and 2025. Methods: A scoping review was conducted following the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines. Systematic searches were performed using PubMed, Embase, and ClinicalTrials.gov for trials registered or published between January 1, 2005, and January 1, 2025. The search strategy combined terms for RCC, clinical trial phase (III and IV), Hispanic or Latino identity, and human subjects. Trials were eligible if they evaluated systemic therapies for RCC and enrolled at least 50 adult participants. Trials were excluded if they were Phase I or II, observational, lacked accessible results, or omitted any demographic reporting. Data extracted from each trial included total sample size, percentage of Hispanic participants (if reported), presence or absence of a Hispanic ethnicity option, and whether subgroup analyses by ethnicity were performed. Results: After removing duplicates, and studies that did not meet inclusion criteria, 31 trials involving 20,550 participants met inclusion criteria. Only eight trials (25.8%) reported Hispanic participant percentages, which ranged from 0% to 12.9% (mean 4.95%), significantly below their national population share. Six trials (19.4%) collected demographic data but did not list Hispanic/Latino as an ethnicity category. 17 trials (54.8%) failed to report any race or ethnicity data. None conducted Hispanic-specific subgroup efficacy or toxicity analyses. Conclusion: Although Hispanic individuals represent nearly one-fifth of the U.S. population and face a growing RCC burden, they are notably underrepresented or omitted in RCC systemic phase III and IV therapy trials of the last 20 years. Many trials neglect ethnicity data collection or structurally exclude Hispanic identity, and none perform ethnicity-stratified analyses. To foster equitable and generalizable oncologic research, future RCC trials must standardize ethnicity reporting, proactively recruit Hispanic participants, and incorporate race- and ethnicity-stratified outcome analyses.