Artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted denture design is increasingly being incorporated into digital complete denture workflows, but its clinical performance in edentulous patients remains insufficiently documented. This preliminary within-patient case series evaluated the immediate clinical feasibility and morphological characteristics of AI-assisted complete dentures (ADs) compared with conventionally arranged complete dentures (CDs). Six completely edentulous participants each received one pair of ADs and CDs fabricated from the same definitive impressions and jaw-relation records obtained using the JB Tray and POP-Bow. After delivery and routine adjustment, left–right occlusal force distribution and bilateral balanced occlusal contacts were assessed using T-Scan III. Facial scans were used to evaluate facial maxillary midline relationships and nasolabial angle, and digitized denture data were analyzed to measure maxillary arch dimensions. All dentures were successfully delivered. Occlusal force imbalance did not differ significantly between CDs and ADs (3.90 ± 3.20% and 5.25 ± 2.75%, respectively; p = 0.219), and bilateral balanced occlusal contacts were observed in both denture types for all participants. ADs showed smaller facial-maxillary midline discrepancies, smaller nasolabial angles, and narrower intercanine and intermolar widths (p = 0.031 for each). These preliminary findings suggest that AI-assisted denture design can be incorporated into a clinician-controlled complete denture workflow, although clinical superiority over conventional tooth arrangement was not established.