Introduction The present study investigates how preoperative anxiety and pain sensitivity affect the consumption of anesthetics, time elapsed until the desired sedation level is achieved, preoperative hemodynamics, postoperative recovery time, and postoperative pain. Methods The present study includes 80 ASA 1–2 patients aged between 20 and 65 who were scheduled for endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) under sedation. Patients were instructed to fill out the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and Pain Sensitivity Questionnaire (PSQ) before the procedure. For sedation, 0.03 mg kg⁻¹ intravenous midazolam, 1 mg kg⁻¹ lidocaine, 1 µ kg⁻¹ fentanyl, and then a bolus dose of 1 mg kg⁻¹ propofol were infused over a period of 60 s. The time elapsed until the bispectral index (BIS) value reached 75 was recorded. For anesthesia maintenance, 2 mg kg⁻¹ h⁻¹ propofol infusion was administered. In the case of sedation failure, an additional dose of 0.1 mg kg⁻¹ propofol (IV) was administered to ensure sedation depth with a BIS level of 65–75, and the propofol infusion was halted once the BIS value dropped below 65. Results STAI-S and STAI-T scores were significantly positively correlated with PSQ minor pain and PSQ total scores. The time elapsed until reaching a BIS level of 75, propofol infusion dose used during sedation, and the need for additional doses of propofol, heart rate (HR), and duration of post-anesthesia care unit stay were significantly positively correlated with both preoperative anxiety and preoperative pain sensitivity. In terms of postoperative pain, the visual analog scale (VAS) at 1 h was more highly correlated with STAI-S and STAI-T than with PSQ. The VAS 2 h was only correlated with STAI-S and STAI-T. Conclusion The significant linear correlation between preoperative anxiety and pain sensitivity and anesthesia need can facilitate better preoperative management by predicting individual anesthetic consumption. Trial Registration The study was registered with the number NCT03114735 on ClinicalTrials.gov.

During laparoscopic cholecystectomy operations, increases in intra-abdominal, intra-thoracic and intracranial pressures(ICP) can be seen after pneumoperitoneum created for surgical imaging. Orbital ultrasonography(USG), which has been developed in recent years, is a method that can evaluate the ICP by measuring the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) from the eyeball. In our study, we aimed to evaluate whether different intraabdominal pressure values created during laparoscopic cholecystectomy operations correlate with ICP by measuring ONSD. The study included a total of 90 patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status classification I (ASA I) and II (ASA II) and ages from 18-65 years with laparoscopic cholecystectomy planned. After patients were intubated, in the 5th minute bilateral ONSD measurements were performed. The same measurements were performed in the 15th and 30th minutes after CO2 insufflation and additionally 10 minutes after CO2 was released at the end of the operation. During intrabdominal CO2 insufflation patients with 10 mmHg pressure applied comprised Group 1, patients with 12 mmHg pressure applied were Group 2 and patients with 14 mmHg pressure applied comprised Group 3. The study was completed with 89 patients, 51 female and 38 males. One patient was excluded from the study due to erroneous values. The variations in ONSD measured in the right-left eye before pneumoperitoneum and in the 15th and 30th minutes after abdominal CO2 insufflation were observed to be statistically significant (p0.01). A significant increase was observed in ONSD values in direct proportion to the increase in intraabdominal pressure in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery. USG guided ONSD measurements appear be a guide to ensure optimization of intraabdominal pressures and safe anesthesia administration for patients, especially those at risk of ICP increase, during laparoscopic surgery.

Background: The intraoperative attending anaesthesiologist ultimately makes decisions about the anaesthesiology technique to be performed, but the attitudes of surgeons and preferences of patients on this subject may affect their choice. In this questionnaire-based study, we aimed to evaluate the attitudes and behaviors of surgeons about the use of regional anaesthesia (RA) in surgical operations. Methods: Surgeons from different surgical branches with residencies at 4 different hospitals were asked to complete questionnaires that included reasons for preferring (12 reasons) and not preferring (13 reasons) the use of RA techniques for surgeries, using a 5-point Likert scale. Results: A total of 156 surgeons from 4 hospitals, out of 167 surgeons who were approached to participate in the study, completed the questionnaire. The most commonly observed reason for a preference towards regional anaesthesia among the surgeons was the risk of general anaesthesia for patients with an American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) risk class of III and above. The second most commonly observed reason was for protection from the complications of general anaesthesia, and the third most commonly observed reason was the lower risk of thromboembolisms with regional anaesthesia. The most commonly observed reasons for not choosing regional anaesthesia were found to be incompatibility of the patients and patients' fears of feeling pain during surgery. Conclusion: We conclude that programmes for informing surgeons and educating patients about the advantages of RA may increase the preference ratio among surgeons and decrease patients' refusals to choose this procedure.

Background: This research aims to investigate how the presence of natural light and windows in the oper-ating room environment affects burnout syndrome and depression, which are common in employees. Materials and Methods: The prospective and multicenter study was conducted in two different hospitals with and without windows in the operating rooms after ethics committee approval. The participants were anesthesiologists, nurses, and anesthesia technicians who spent all their shifts in the operating room environment. The participants were asked to fill out a questionnaire, the first part inquired about socio-demographic data of the participants, the second part included the Beck Depression Inventory, which measured their depression levels, and finally the third part comprised the Maslach Burnout Inventory, which determined the burnout levels of participants. Results: The study included individuals working in operating rooms with (92) and without (97) windows. The participants were doctors (28.05%), nurses (29.55%) and technicians (42.35%). Of the participants, 95.85% answered yes to the question ‘‘should there be windows in the work environment?” The deper-sonalization and emotional exhaustion levels on the Maslach Burnout Inventory were significantly lower in individuals working in operating rooms with windows. The Beck Depression Inventory results of indi-viduals working in hospitals with windows were significantly lower than those in hospitals without win-dows. Conclusions: Designing operating rooms in hospitals to receive daylight reduces the rate of burnout syn-drome and depression. This will increase the work performance and efficiency of healthcare professionals working in operating rooms and will also reduce the possibility of medical errors.

Introduction. The aim was to evaluate the effect of preoperative anxiety on the sympathetic block that developed after spinal anesthesia and therefore the duration of motor and sensory blockade. Materials and Methods. After the approval of the ethics committee, 90 patients between the ages of 18 and 55 years who were to be operated under spinal anesthesia were included in the study. Preoperative anxiety of the patients was evaluated with the Spielberger trait and State Anxiety Scale and Visual Analog Scale (VAS). The Bromage scores of the patients were followed up intermittently. Onset time of sensory block, onset time of motor block, and motor block recovery time were recorded. Cases with bradycardia and hypotension were noted. Results. No statistically significant correlation was found between the duration of motor block onset (5.81 ± 4 min), the sensory block onset time (0.89 ± 0.4 min), and the motor block recovery time (92.06 ± 36.9 min) with other variables. VAS (5.81 ± 2.5), STAI‐1 (40.4 ± 9.8), and STAI‐2 (41.69 ± 8.2) values had a statistically significant effect on the occurrence of bradycardia (14.4%). The variables of VAS, STAI‐1, STAI‐2, sensory block onset, motor block onset, and motor block recovery time were statistically significantly higher in women (mean 5.24 ± 2.4, 38.97 ± 9.9, 41.43 ± 8.7, 0.89 ± 0.42, 5.64 ± 3.82, and 88.77 ± 38.74 in males and mean 7.15 ± 2.1, 43.74 ± 8.9, 42.30 ± 7.0, 0.88 ± 0.27, 6.20 ± 4.35, and 99.70 ± 31.70 in females, respectively). Conclusion. It was observed that preoperative anxiety had no effect on motor and sensory block onset and duration.