In metacognitive theory, thought fusion beliefs, beliefs about rituals, and beliefs about stop signals predict obsessive-compulsive symptoms. The number of controlled studies using specific scales to assess these three belief domains in different cultures is limited. The comparison sample consisted of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (n: 106) and control (n: 200) group. Participants filled out the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised form, Penn State Worry Scale, Obsessive Beliefs Scale-44, Thought Fusion Inventory, Beliefs about Rituals Inventory and Stop Signs Questionnaire. Correlation analysis of worry and OCD symptom severity levels, cognitions and metacognitions in OCD were performed between groups. Worry, cognition and metacognitive predictors of obsessive-compulsive symptoms were analyzed with a hierarchical linear regression model. The metacognitive scale scores were significantly higher in the OCD group than in the control group except for hoarding (p<0.001). Obsessive-compulsive symptoms were statistically positively correlated (r: 0.17–0.53) with all three metacognitive functions in the OCD and control groups (except ordering in the control group). In addition to the three metacognitive domains, worry, perfectionism and intolerance of uncertainty predicted obsessive-compulsive symptoms (p<0.05). All three metacognitive domains contributed to the variance in the hierarchical regression model in addition to worry and cognitions (p<0.05). All the three metacognitive domains were correlated with OCD symptom severity. Metacognitions explained additional variance above and beyond cognitions. Metacognitive assessment domains of OCD predicted OCD symptom severity when included in the hierarchical regression model.

Stigma-related beliefs toward mental illness may change during psychiatric clinical exposure, but individual differences in this process remain insufficiently understood. This single-center observational pre–post study examined observed changes in mental illness-related beliefs among 185 medical interns who completed an approximately 30-day psychiatry clerkship between May 2025 and May 2026, with perceived dangerousness defined as the primary outcome. Beliefs were assessed before and after the exposure period using the Beliefs Toward Mental Illness Scale. Associations between baseline cognitive–metacognitive characteristics and observed change were evaluated using paired comparisons, linear mixed-effects models, and sensitivity analyses. Dangerousness scores decreased by the end of the exposure period, mean change = −2.66, 95% CI [−3.48, −1.81], q < 0.001, d_z = −0.47. Smaller decreases were observed in Helplessness and Deterioration in Interpersonal Relationships, whereas no significant change was found in the two-item Shame subscale. Higher baseline ruminative thought style was associated with a more limited decrease in dangerousness scores; B = 1.70, SE = 0.55, 95% CI [0.62, 2.77], q = 0.023. Although this association was consistent across sensitivity analyses, its incremental contribution was small (ΔR²_marginal = 0.017; f² = 0.018 in the focused model). The finding should therefore be interpreted as a quantitatively modest association with observed belief change, not as a clinically meaningful predictor. Because the study included no concurrent control group or experimental manipulation and was conducted at one center, it does not establish a causal clerkship effect or support educational screening based on ruminative thought style.

Objective: Consultation liaison psychiatry (CLP) manages the psychiatric care of patients admitted to a general hospital for somatic reasons. Improvements in CLP ensure that the treatment process is effective. Methods and Methods: In two years, 1398 patients consulted from inpatient services were included in the psychiatry service. In the study, descriptive statistical analysis showed the number of patients in inpatient services, the reasons for consulting the psychiatry clinic of these patients, the results of psychiatrist evaluations, and the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of interdepartmental psychiatric consultations. Results: According to the number of inpatients, it was determined that psychiatry consultation requests were more frequent in intensive care units (5.60%), internal services (3.36%), and surgical services (1.23%). The most common consultation result was delirium (21.1%). As a result of the consultation evaluation, the diagnoses were determined as delirium, depression, and anxiety disorder, respectively; It was found that all three diagnoses were made in patients in the internal medicine service. Conclusion: A lower rate of mental illness was detected in the general hospital sample compared to epidemiology studies. This situation is experienced in the process of recognizing and defining a psychiatric disorder; It may be due to features such as the primary treatment department of the patient, the nature of the patient's primary disease, and the presentation of the mental disorder. With the study, awareness of CLP was raised, and descriptive features were emphasized.

Aim: Tattoos are regarded as expressions of individual identity and art. Beyond being aesthetic elements, they have become important subjects of examination in legal proceedings, particularly gaining significance in identification processes. Additionally, tattoos warrant sociological investigation due to their broader social implications. Materials and Methods: A total of 145 Court of Cassation decisions containing the term ‘tattoo’ were identified through the Turkish Court of Cassation Decision Search Database. These decisions were thematically analyzed based on the forensic and legal contexts in which tattoos were referenced. Results: In 51.7% of the decisions, tattoos were used as tools of identification, primarily in theft, robbery, and drug-related offenses. However, among these identification-related decisions, only 25.3% included detailed tattoo descriptions. Tattoos were most commonly located on the arm and hand. In 16.6% of the cases, tattoos served as indicators of social interaction, particularly in sexual offense cases involving children. Additionally, 3.4% of the decisions included complaints related to complications following tattoo removal procedures, raising concerns regarding medical and legal oversight. Conclusion: Tattoos serve as important forensic markers in the identification and evaluation of evidence. The findings highlight the need for standardized documentation protocols in judicial processes and for the implementation of stricter oversight in tattoo removal practices to ensure legal consistency and protect individual rights.

Background/Objectives: Psychiatric readmissions are an important indicator for assessing disease progression and the effectiveness of healthcare services. The aim of this study was to explore factors associated with one-year readmission and to evaluate the performance of machine learning models using clinical information extracted from discharge summaries of patients receiving inpatient treatment in a psychiatric ward. Methods: This retrospective study included 622 patients hospitalized in the psychiatry department of a university hospital between 2020 and 2024. Clinical variables were extracted from discharge summaries using a theme-based structured coding approach. Factors associated with 1-year readmission were evaluated using univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses, while length of hospital stay was analyzed using log-transformed linear regression. The predictive performance of logistic regression, Random Forest, HistGradientBoosting, and BERTurk-based machine learning models was also compared. Results: The 1-year psychiatric readmission rate was 17.0%. In univariate analyses, previous psychiatric hospitalization, longer index length of stay, and manic symptoms were associated with readmission. In multivariable analysis, only previous psychiatric hospitalization remained an independent predictor of readmission (adjusted OR = 2.14, 95% CI: 1.34–3.42; p = 0.001). Previous psychiatric hospitalization, unemployment, and depressive symptoms were independently associated with longer hospital stay. Among the machine learning models, logistic regression using structured clinical variables and theme-based features achieved the best performance (AUC = 0.602). Conclusions: Previous psychiatric hospitalization was the strongest independent factor associated with 1-year psychiatric readmission. These findings suggest that routinely collected clinical records may contain potentially useful information for understanding psychiatric readmission risk and support further investigation in larger, multicenter studies.

Purpose: To compare within-person renal and hepatic biochemical trajectories during lithium and valproate treatment in bipolar disorder and determine whether longitudinal slopes differed between treatment groups.Methods:This single-center retrospective cohort included 96 patients with bipolar disorder treated with lithium (n=35) or valproate (n=61), contributing 282 laboratory records. Random-intercept linear mixed-effects models for creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) included age at the first available laboratory record, sex, time, treatment group, and the time × treatment interaction. Outcome-specific adjusted models comprised 275-278 observations from 95 patients. For creatinine, a treatment-specific piecewise model with a 6-month knot was supplemented by data-quality and random-slope sensitivity analyses.Results: Mean follow-up was 312.22 ± 199.21 days. The time × treatment interaction was not statistically significant for creatinine (B=-0.0019, p=.303), BUN (B=-0.0853, p=.160), AST (B=-0.0070, p=.285), or ALT (B=-0.0059, p=.442). Male sex was associated with higher creatinine, AST, and ALT levels, whereas older baseline age was associated with higher BUN. In the piecewise model, neither early nor late slopes differed by treatment (joint Wald χ²(2)=0.544, p=.762). All sensitivity analyses supported the primary finding.Conclusion: No statistically detectable difference was observed between lithium and valproate groups in the longitudinal slopes of the evaluated markers. The findings do not establish equivalence or long-term safety; average short- to mediumterm trajectories did not diverge under regular, individualized laboratory monitoring.