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Road transportation is one of the main sources of atmospheric emissions in many countries and areas. Road pricing, is not only effective for urban transportation management, but also helpful in reducing the negative externalities caused by transportation. In this study, an inexact two-phase minimal emission programming (TMEP) model is proposed for design of the environment-friendly toll scheme with an acceptable road network performance. Through introduction of fuzzy stochastic programming, multiple uncertainties involved in vehicle emission evaluation are dealt with; the Traffic Performance Index (TPI) based constraints are incorporated to reflect the decision-maker's requirements for network congestion management. The solution method is proposed for generating the range of fuzzy stochastic objectives. An optimal toll scheme associated with the minimal emission based flow pattern is obtained through searching for a set of the best and the worst optimal solutions. A numerical experiment and a real-world road network in Beijing of China are used to illustrate the application of the developed method. In the case study, the toll scheme is obtained at the desired congestion level. The effects of emission and congestion abatement are analyzed under different policy scenarios. The proposed TMEP method can generate the toll scheme with obvious improvements in total emission reduction and congestion mitigation.
Ying Lv; Shanshan Wang; Ziyou Gao; Xijie Li; Wei Sun. Design of a heuristic environment-friendly road pricing scheme for traffic emission control under uncertainty. Journal of Environmental Management 2019, 236, 455 -465.
AMA StyleYing Lv, Shanshan Wang, Ziyou Gao, Xijie Li, Wei Sun. Design of a heuristic environment-friendly road pricing scheme for traffic emission control under uncertainty. Journal of Environmental Management. 2019; 236 ():455-465.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYing Lv; Shanshan Wang; Ziyou Gao; Xijie Li; Wei Sun. 2019. "Design of a heuristic environment-friendly road pricing scheme for traffic emission control under uncertainty." Journal of Environmental Management 236, no. : 455-465.
This study focuses on an environment-friendly toll design problem, where an acceptable road network performance is promised. First, a Traffic Performance Index (TPI)-based evaluation method is developed to help identify the optimal congestion level and the management target of a transportation system. Second, environment-oriented cordon- and link-based road toll design models are respectively proposed through the use of bi-level programming. Both upper-level submodel objectives are to minimize gross revenue (the total collected toll minus the emissions treatment cost) under different pricing strategies. Both lower-level submodels quantify the user equilibrium (UE) condition under elastic demand. Moreover, the TPI-related constraints for the management requirements of the network performance are incorporated into the bi-level programming modeling framework, which can lead to 0–1 mixed integer bi-level nonlinear programming for toll design problems. Accordingly, a genetic algorithm-based heuristic searching method is proposed for the two pricing models. The proposed cordon- and link-based pricing models were then applied to a real-world road network in Beijing, China. The effects of the toll schemes generated from the two models were compared in terms of emissions reduction and congestion mitigation. In this study, it was indicated that a higher total collected toll may lead to more emissions and related treatment costs. Tradeoffs existed between the toll scheme, emissions reduction, and congestion mitigation.
Xijie Li; Ying Lv; Wei Sun; Li Zhou. Cordon- or Link-Based Pricing: Environment-Oriented Toll Design Models Development and Application. Sustainability 2019, 11, 258 .
AMA StyleXijie Li, Ying Lv, Wei Sun, Li Zhou. Cordon- or Link-Based Pricing: Environment-Oriented Toll Design Models Development and Application. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (1):258.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXijie Li; Ying Lv; Wei Sun; Li Zhou. 2019. "Cordon- or Link-Based Pricing: Environment-Oriented Toll Design Models Development and Application." Sustainability 11, no. 1: 258.