China’s education has developed rapidly in recent years, but the issue of educational equality still exists. Currently, there are few studies on educational resources, and their spatial pattern and fairness remain unclear. Thus, this study selected the point of interest data and spatial analysis methods to depict the spatial pattern of educational resources (containing the number of teachers, students, facilities, etc.). Then, we evaluated the equity of educational resources (including the number of schools and school teachers) in terms of geographic and population distribution by combining statistical yearbook data with two indices (the index of dissimilarity and agglomeration degree) to promote healthy urban development. The results show the following. (1) Educational resources have a multicenter spatial structure of “dual cores and multiple sub-centers”. The Moran index reflects a weak positive spatial correlation between educational resources. (2) The index of dissimilarity is between 0.02 and 0.21, which shows that the allocation of resources is relatively balanced. Regarding internal units, obvious differences exist in the agglomeration degree and equilibrium of educational resources.

With the rapid advancement of urbanization, urban heat environment issues have become increasingly severe, presenting significant challenges to sustainable urban development. Although previous research has demonstrated the substantial impact of urban morphology on land surface temperature (LST), there is still a lack of comprehensive research on the non-stationary effects of urban morphology on seasonal LST at the block scale. Therefore, this study establishes a comprehensive research framework, utilizing urban functional zones in the core area of Chongqing as the primary research unit, to investigate the seasonal fluctuations in the spatial distribution of LST across various functional zones. Combining Random Forest (RF) with multiscale geographically weighted regression methods (MGWR), the study systematically analyzes the numerical and spatial distribution characteristics of how urban morphology factors influence LST from global and local perspectives. The results indicate that (1) the LST in central Chongqing exhibits marked seasonal variation and a distinct “mountain-water pattern,” with industrial zones consistently hotter and public service areas cooler; (2) biophysical surface parameters and building morphological indicators make a high relative contribution to LST changes across seasons, particularly in public service and commercial areas; (3) building density (BD) and biophysical surface parameters primarily exert local impacts on LST changes, while floor area ratio (FAR) and building height range (RBH) have a global effect. These findings provide new insights into the driving mechanisms of urban heat environments and offer scientific evidence for regulating and mitigating urban heat environment issues across different seasons and urban types.

The growing pressure on global cropland resources has become increasingly evident. Reconciling the urgency of cropland protection with long-term food demand is crucial for achieving resilient and sustainable cropland management. Here, we develop a comprehensive agricultural dataset and a five-dimensional evaluation framework encompassing quantity, quality, structure, ecology, and sustainability. Through synergy–trade-off analysis and structural equation modeling, we elucidate the interrelationships among these dimensions and their external drivers. By projecting future cropland retention under the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) and integrating multi-dimensional urgency, we propose a spatially explicit framework for resilient cropland management. The results show that (1) cropland protection urgency in the Chengdu–Chongqing Economic Circle exhibits a clear spatial gradient—low in the core areas and high along the periphery, where high-urgency zones are typically characterized by fragmentation, lower quality, and weaker ecological functions. (2) Eleven biophysical and socioeconomic factors collectively explain 23–50% of the variance in cropland protection urgency, with terrain conditions and urbanization levels exerting the strongest influence on cropland quantity, structure, and sustainability. (3) Under the SSPs, the maximum cropland retention reaches 6.944 million ha, with a future fallow ratio not exceeding 6.05%, and 45.05% of cropland designated as reserve resources. (4) Cropland within core protection zones demonstrates multi-dimensional advantages but accounts for less than 5%, highlighting the need for targeted conservation strategies. By integrating cropland protection urgency with long-term food security constraints, this study proposes a multi-level, multizonal resilience management strategy that offers practical guidance for cropland-stressed regions undergoing rapid urbanization worldwide.