Background/Objectives: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major global health concern, with rising incidence across age groups. Early detection via colonoscopy and identification of precancerous polyps are crucial for prevention and improved outcomes. The objectives were to evaluate the epidemiology, anatomical distribution, morphology, and histopathology of CRC, and its association with synchronous colorectal polyps. Methods: In 2023, a retrospective study was conducted on 1973 patients undergoing colonoscopy due to symptoms like blood in the stool, changes in bowel habits, abdominal pain, weight loss, anemia, or as CRC follow-up. Complete colonoscopies were performed, and suspicious lesions were biopsied or resected for histological evaluation. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 11.0. Results: CRC was diagnosed in 78 patients (3.95%), with a male predominance (70.51%, p < 0.05) and a mean age of 65.1 ± 8.9 years. The most affected age group was 61–70 years (43.58%). Tumors were most commonly located in the rectum (32.05%) and sigmoid colon (26.92%). Polypoid morphology was observed in 67.95% of cases. Adenocarcinoma was the predominant histological type (93.59%), followed by mucinous adenocarcinoma (6.41%), with significant differences between right and left colon (p < 0.001). Synchronous polyps were detected in 47.43% of CRC cases, primarily adenomas (60.22%). In 37.84%, the tumor and polyp were in the same colon segment. Men had a higher rate of synchronous polyps than women (p < 0.05). Conclusions: CRC is more common in older males and typically affects the rectosigmoid region. Adenocarcinoma is the leading type. Nearly half of patients had synchronous adenomas, highlighting the importance of full colonoscopy for early CRC detection and prevention.

Introduction: Ventral incisional hernia repair remains a significant surgical challenge, with ongoing debate regarding the optimal approach. While laparoscopic intraperitoneal onlay mesh (IPOM+) and open Rives–Stoppa techniques are widely utilized, a comprehensive understanding integrating perioperative clinical outcomes, patient-reported quality of life, and the systemic stress response is lacking. This study aimed to compare these two surgical techniques across these multifaceted domains. Methods: This prospective non-randomized comparative study enrolled 96 adult patients (n = 48 per group) undergoing elective ventral incisional hernia repair via either laparoscopic IPOM+ or open Rives–Stoppa techniques. Perioperative clinical outcomes (operative time, hospital stay, bowel function, pain, analgesic use, complications, self-reported return to daily activities) and EuraHS-QoL scores were assessed. A comprehensive panel of endocrine (cortisol, ACTH, prolactin), inflammatory (IL-6, CRP, presepsin, procalcitonin), and coagulation (D-dimer) biomarkers were measured preoperatively and on the first postoperative day. Results: Laparoscopic IPOM+ repair was associated with more favorable postoperative recovery compared to open repair, characterized by reduced pain, shorter hospital stay, faster return to daily activities and better patient-reported quality of life (all p < 0.001). No significant time-by-group interactions were observed for endocrine or coagulation markers, indicating comparable perioperative trajectories (p > 0.05), while the inflammatory response (IL-6, C-reactive protein, presepsin, and procalcitonin) differed between the two approaches. Significant time-by-group interactions were found for IL-6 (p = 0.005), C-reactive protein (p = 0.015), presepsin (p = 0.040) and procalcitonin (p = 0.006). These associations remained after adjustment for baseline age, BMI, employment status and ASA classification. However, following Bonferroni’s adjustment for multiple comparisons, the observed associations between the biomarkers and the outcome did not remain statistically significant. Conclusions: Laparoscopic IPOM+ was associated with more favorable postoperative recovery and lower one-month EuraHS-QoL scores compared to the open Rives–Stoppa repair. Although some biomarkers suggested a possible difference in the postoperative inflammatory response between the two groups, further studies are needed to determine whether these findings reflect true biological differences between the surgical techniques.