Vascular tumors are rare in the breasts, and the most common forms include hemangiomas and angiosarcomas. Hemangiomas are rare benign vascular tumors. Most of them are asymptomatic and nonpalpable clinically, and the vast majority of such lesions are detected incidentally by mammography. Breast hemangiomas are difficult to diagnose using conventional imaging modalities since their imaging findings are variable. The following is a case presentation of an asymptomatic forty-five-year old female patient who was diagnosed with a rare hemangioma. Physical examination, ultrasonography (US) and mammographic examination were normal. Dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a non-mass pathological enhancement. After a short-term follow up, a comparative MRI was obtained and biopsy was planned, due to the heterogeneous non-mass enhancement on MRI. Needle core biopsy with US guidance was performed, resulting in benign findings. However, because of the discordance between imaging and histopathology, an MRI-guided wire localization followed by open surgical biopsy was performed. Histopathologic evaluation reported capillary hemangioma.The imaging findings, including US, mammography and MRI, of hemangioma are reviewed and described in this case report.

Minor salivary gland biopsy is one of the objective tests used in the diagnosis of Sjögren syndrome. The aim of our study was to compare the clinical and laboratory data of primary and secondary Sjögren syndrome cases with a lymphocyte score 3 and 4 in the minor salivary gland biopsy.

Background/Objectives: Lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) is an established prognostic factor in endometrial cancer, yet current risk stratification relies on a binary focal/substantial classification. Whether further substratification into a “prominent” LVSI category (≥10 involved vessels) provides independent prognostic value beyond the FIGO 2023 staging framework remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the prognostic significance and clinical outcomes regarding the extent of lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) in patients with LVSI-positive endometrioid endometrial cancer (EEC). Methods: We retrospectively identified 94 patients with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) 2009 stage I–IV EEC who underwent surgical staging. LVSI-positive cases were classified as focal (1–4 involved vessels), substantial (5–9 involved vessels), or prominent (≥10 involved vessels). Results: Of the 94 LVSI-positive patients, 58 (61.7%) had focal, 11 (11.7%) had substantial, and 25 (26.6%) had prominent LVSI. Five-year overall survival (OS) rates were 95.3%, 72.7%, and 53.0% for focal, substantial, and prominent LVSI, respectively (p < 0.001), with corresponding progression-free survival rates of 87.6%, 71.6%, and 34.3% (p < 0.001). On multivariable analysis, prominent LVSI emerged as an independent predictor of both mortality (HR 14.31, p < 0.001) and disease progression (HR 4.02, p = 0.009), retaining significance after re-assessment for FIGO 2023 stage. Tumor size > 4 cm and p53-abnormal status were also independently associated with OS. Conclusions: Prominent LVSI was independently associated with aggressive disease and poor survival in EEC; recognizing its extent as a prognostic parameter may improve both clinical management and future risk classification frameworks. As these findings are derived from a single-institution, LVSI-positive cohort with an empirically defined threshold, external validation is warranted before clinical adoption.

Laparoscopic management of a mature cystic teratoma in the fallopian tube - Journal of the Turkish-German Gynecological Association