Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of pelvic floor muscle training (PMFT) in the treatment of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in men after they received radical prostatectomy (RP). Methods: From November 2018 to September 2019, patients who underwent radical prostatectomy were assessed for eligibility. A total of 37 men were then randomly assigned to the experimental group (EG) and the control group (CG). The EG group received supervised exercise twice a week for 12 weeks, and the CG did not receive any intervention. To objectify the results obtained in both groups before and after the intervention, the authors assessed myostatin concentration. Moreover, the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC-26) was applied to assess the quality of life, and Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI-II) was used to measure depression severity. Results: Study results demonstrated a statistically significant reduction of myostatin concentration in the EG following the treatment and no statistically significant differences in this parameter in the CG. In addition, a comparison of the EPIC-26 scores in the EG at the initial and final assessments revealed a statistically significant improvement in the quality of life in each domain. A comparison of the EPIC-26 scores in the CG at the initial and final assessments showed there is a statistically significant decline in quality of life in the “overall urinary problem” and “sexual” domain. A comparison of the BDI-II scores at the initial and final assessments showed a statistically significant decline in depressive symptoms in the EG and no statistically significant differences in the CG. Conclusions: PFMT is an effective treatment for urinary incontinence (UI) in men who received radical prostatectomy.

Prostate cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related death in men worldwide. Recent research advances have emphasized the critical roles of mismatch repair (MMR) and double-strand break (DSB) in prostate cancer development and progression. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of the molecular mechanisms underlying DSB and MMR defects in prostate cancer, as well as their clinical implications. Furthermore, we discuss the promising therapeutic potential of immune checkpoint inhibitors and PARP inhibitors in targeting these defects, particularly in the context of personalized medicine and further perspectives. Recent clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy of these novel treatments, including Food and Drugs Association (FDA) drug approvals, offering hope for improved patient outcomes. Overall, this review emphasizes the importance of understanding the interplay between MMR and DSB defects in prostate cancer to develop innovative and effective therapeutic strategies for patients.

Introduction The important part of radical prostatectomy (RP) for high risk (HR) is extended pelvic lymph node dissection (ePLND). This method consists of two stages of surgery usually performed at the compartment (pre- or transperineally). Aim We present our new combined technique of RP...

Prostate cancer (PC) is one of the most common malignancies in men. The increase in the number of PC survivors is associated with many problems including cognitive impairment. Early detection of such problems facilitates timely protective intervention. This study examined the association between prostate-specific antigen (PSA) or testosterone (T) levels and cognitive function in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy. Such a correlation could help identify patient groups at risk of cognitive impairment. Participants underwent clinical (demographic data, medical history, physical examination, and blood analyses) and neuropsychological assessment (cognitive test battery). Preoperative PSA or T levels were not associated with cognitive function. However, long-term follow-up after prostatectomy showed a strong correlation between PSA levels and the results of verbal memory and executive function tests. A trend toward significance was also observed for visuospatial memory. The levels of free T and total T were not correlated with cognitive function. Only the levels of free T after hormonal treatment were significantly correlated with executive functions. Comorbid diabetes affected these correlations. In conclusion, PSA levels at a distant postoperative time and free T level after hormonal treatment may be biomarkers of cognitive function.

Cognitive decline can result from various factors, including direct neurotoxic injury, brain tissue damage, inflammation, and disruptions in coagulation and fibrinolysis. This study aimed to examine the relationship between biochemical markers associated with cognitive function and cognitive performance in men with prostate cancer (PC) following radical prostatectomy. Participants underwent a comprehensive evaluation, including clinical assessments (demographic information, medical history, PC progression, and complications such as erectile dysfunction [IIEF-5] and urinary incontinence [ICIQ-UI]), biochemical testing (testosterone, prostate-specific antigen, phosphorylated neurofilament heavy chain [pNF-H], brain-derived neurotrophic factor [BDNF], neuroserpin [NSP], and interleukin-6 [IL-6]), and neuropsychological assessment of cognitive functions. Statistical analysis revealed significant positive correlations between BDNF and NSP levels and performance on delayed memory tasks, specifically the number of correct responses. No other significant associations were found between protein biomarkers and cognitive test outcomes. These findings suggest that the relationship between biochemical markers and cognitive function is complex. However, BDNF and NSP may serve as potential biomarkers for delayed memory impairment in men post-prostatectomy.

Robot-assisted surgery (RAS) has expanded rapidly in Poland, but its integration into resident education remains uncertain. In a nationwide anonymous 35-question survey sent to 390 Polish urology residents, 156 completed it (40.0%). Among respondents, 110 (70.5%) reported RAS availability in their training centre; 56 (35.9%) reported robotic training access, 43 (27.6%) a robotic course, 46 (29.5%) simulator availability, 76 (48.7%) assistant participation, and 16 (10.3%) a supervised robotic procedure or procedural step. All respondents with training access were in RAS centres. Among these 110 respondents, course attendance (aOR 5.38, 95% CI 2.05–14.14) and simulator availability (aOR 3.90, 95% CI 1.54–9.89) were associated with access. Training access was associated with assistant participation (aOR 6.66, 95% CI 3.06–14.50), higher current and expected self-rated skill (common aORs 12.30 and 12.15), and at least satisfactory training satisfaction (aOR 17.01, 95% CI 6.35–45.57). All 16 such reports occurred among residents with access; in an exploratory conditional Firth model, each additional residency year was associated with this outcome (aOR 2.11, 95% CI 1.30–3.97). Items were independent, not sequential stages. Institutional adoption exceeded reported training access and supervised participation. Broad survey content makes participation driven solely by robotics interest less likely, but the 40.0% completion proportion, self-report, unmeasured trainee selection, and rare supervised outcome limit inference.