La investigación tiene como objetivo proponer el mejoramiento de una vivienda construida con fondos de remesas por migrantes de Oaxaca en México, para incrementar sus condiciones de habitabilidad mediante estrategias bioclimáticas pasivas. Para lo anterior, se llevó a cabo una fase diagnóstica del sitio en la agencia Guadalupe Victoria en la región mixteca de Oaxaca, particularizando la caracterización de casas que construyen las personas que emigran a los Estados Unidos. Lo anterior, para seleccionar el caso de estudio de una vivienda de remesas sobre la cual se realizó un análisis termofísico de los sistemas constructivos con las que fue edificada, el cual se complementó con una simulación térmica con el software Ener-Habitat. Posteriormente se llevó a cabo un estudio higrotérmico de la vivienda referida colocando registradores de temperatura tipo HOBOS data logger RH2 en su interior durante el periodo de calor de la zona (mayo y junio 2021). Como resultado se obtuvo que la vivienda de remesas en estudio está descontextualizada al clima de la zona, y requiere adecuaciones en su envolvente para mejorar el confort en su interior. Para mejorar las condiciones de habitabilidad de esta vivienda se propusieron: paneles de “totomoxtle” (hoja del maíz) en muros y cubiertas con aplanado de yeso. Con esta estrategia pasiva se obtienen valores de 63% de amortiguamiento de onda térmica y un desfase de 8 horas en el sistema muro, en tanto que para el sistema techo se alcanzan valores de 100% y 11.5 horas respectivamente. Así mismo se propone la adecuación de un invernadero orientado al Sur-Este, la conducción de calor de estufa Patsari en cocina y comedor e incrementar aleros de 80 cm en techos, garantizando con ello que se mejoren las condiciones de habitabilidad de la vivienda estudiada beneficiando a la familia Gonzáles García propietaria de la casa.

The global threat of climate change has become increasingly severe, with the efficiency of buildings and the environment being significantly impacted. It is necessary to develop bioclimatic architectural systems that can effectively reduce energy consumption while bringing thermal comfort, reducing the impact of external temperatures. This study presents the results of a real-scale experimental house prototype, MHTITCA, using a unique design composed of novel eco-friendly prefabricated channel walls filled with a blend of soil, sawdust, and cement for walls and roofs. The experimental analysis performed in this study was based on dynamic climatology. A solar orientation chart of the place was constructed to identify the solar radiation intensity acting on the house. Measurements of roof surface temperatures were conducted to determine temperature damping and temperature wave lag. Monthly average temperature and direct solar radiation data of the site were considered. Compared to other alternative house prototypes, the system maximizes thermal comfort in high-oscillation temperate climates. Temperature measurements were taken inside and outside to evaluate the thermal performance. A thermal insulating layer was added outside the wall and the envelope to improve the prototype’s thermal comfort and reduce the decrement factor even more. This MHTITCA house prototype had 85% thermal comfort, 0% overheating, and 15% low heating. This eco-friendly prototype design had the best thermal performance, achieving a thermal lag of twelve hours, a reduced decrement factor of 0.109, and preventing overheating in areas with high thermal fluctuations. Comparatively, the other prototypes examined provided inferior thermal comfort. The suggested MHTITCA system can be an energy-saving and passive cooling option for thermal comfort in low-cost houses in temperate climates with high thermal oscillations in urban or rural settings.

This article presents the results of a research study aimed at designing and evaluating sustainable housing (SH) in post-disaster contexts in Juchitán de Zaragoza, Oaxaca, Mexico, following the 2017 earthquakes. The proposed model integrates four fundamental dimensions: (i) housing design using traditional architecture; (ii) analysis of the environmental impact of materials using indicators of CO₂ emissions, energy consumption, and thermal performance; (iii) comparative evaluation of construction costs relative to conventional housing (CH); and (iv) implementation of a Social Production of Habitat (SPH) approach. A mixed-methods design was adopted, involving literature review, data collection through an environmental and hygrothermal impact study, comparative cost estimates, and semi-structured interviews. The findings show that the use of local, low-impact materials, together with participatory processes, not only reduces costs and environmental externalities but also strengthens the social fabric and contributes to a more equitable reconstruction that is contextualized within traditional architecture. The housing model developed may serve as a reference for post-disaster reconstruction strategies in other contexts, provided it is adapted to local climatic, cultural, material, and regulatory conditions.

This article presents the results of a research study aimed at designing and evaluating sustainable housing (SH) in post-disaster contexts in Juchitán de Zaragoza, Oaxaca, Mexico, following the 2017 earthquakes. The proposed model integrates four funda-mental dimensions: i) housing design using traditional architecture; ii) analysis of the environmental impact of materials using indicators of CO2 emissions, energy consump-tion, and thermal performance; iii) comparative evaluation of construction costs relative to conventional housing (CH); and iv) implementation of a Social Production of Habitat (SPH) approach. A mixed-methods design was adopted, involving literature review, data collection through an environmental and hygrothermal impact study, comparative cost estimates, and semi-structured interviews. The findings show that the use of local, low-impact materials, together with participatory processes, not only reduces costs and environmental externalities but also strengthens the social fabric and contributes to a more equitable reconstruction that is contextualized within traditional architecture. The housing model developed is proposed as a replicable alternative in areas affected by natural disasters, not only in Mexico but also in other countries.

Objective: The objective of this study was a housing design with bioclimatic criteria and construction technology with traditional materials to propose an appropriate solution for families that suffered damage from the 2017 earthquakes in Oaxaca, Mexico. Method: A climatic characterization of the site was carried out to obtain bioclimatic strategies for the housing design. Analysis methods were used to validate these strategies such as comfort triangles and Mahoney tables. The housing was designed considering the resulting strategies and prioritized passive ones. Results and conclusions: It was obtained that for the study area the main strategies for the housing design are natural cross ventilation, thermal inertia in walls and ceilings and solar radiation during the cold months. The study highlights the importance of implementing bioclimatic design strategies according to the climatic context that promote the improvement of the habitability level of housing. Implications of the research: The research contributes to the design of a sustainable housing model for families affected in their patrimony by the action of earthquakes in the study area considering the environmental conditions, in addition to promoting the conservation of traditional architecture and construction systems. Originality/value: In the area of sustainability and the environment, a housing design was proposed that adopts practices that minimize the environmental impact and ensures that the new houses are energy efficient and environmentally friendly and adapt to climate change.

En “La sociedad y el aprovechamiento sustentable de los recursos naturales” se abordan temas ambientales importantes, como el potencial riesgo de contaminación de las aguas provenientes del parque del Nevado de Toluca hacia la localidad de Calimaya (Estado de México), o temas sobre sostenibilidad y economía circular en el estado de Oaxaca asociados a la resiliencia cultural en la producción artesanal de carrizo, al aprovechamiento de residuos del procesamiento de café y a la fertilización orgánica y mixta sobre variedades de frijol pinto. En términos de educación ambiental, se analiza el espacio de aprendizaje y se proponen ecotecnias y transferencias de conocimiento por medio de talleres en comunidades marginadas del estado de Oaxaca. En otra localidad de Oaxaca, se identificaron los factores físicos de los espacios educativos y se diseñó el espacio educativo para una telesecundaria. Con relación al uso de energías alternas, se analizó la percepción de la comunidad de Potrero de la Palmita (Estado de México) respecto al aprovechamiento de energía fotovoltaica, y se descubrió el rechazo a los usos comerciales de este tipo de energía, pero un alto potencial para mejorar la calidad de vida de los habitantes. En materia de tecnología, se propone un sistema para la aplicación de encuestas en sitios donde no hay internet, a saber, una app para sistemas móviles que permite obtener información en campo a pesar de no contar con internet. Finalmente, se aborda el tema del turismo regenerativo como un coadyuvante en la conservación y restauración de áreas naturales de interés turístico.