A palma forrageira tornou-se muito importante para o setor agropecuário do nordeste brasileiro, embora seja adaptada as condições semiáridas, a cultura da palma forrageira é acometida por problemas fitossanitários, principalmente os de natureza fúngica, com destaque o fungo Scytalidium sp. que apresenta alta incidência e agressividade sobre a cultura. Nesse contexto, esse trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a eficiência de óleos essenciais no controle in vitro de Scytalidium sp. da palma forrageira. O experimento in vitro foi conduzido no Laboratório de Fitopatologia (LAFIT) pertencente ao Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Campus II, Areia, Paraíba. Para condução do experimento foi utilizado o fungo Scytallidium sp., isolado de amostras de palma forrageira oriundas de área de cultivo do município de Monteiro-PB. Foram empregados os tratamentos: Testemunha (água esteríl), Fungicida Tiabendazol® (400 ml/100 L-1) e os óleos essenciais: citronela, manjericão, eucalipto e capim limão concentração de 1%. O óleo essencial de manjericão foi eficiente no controle de Scytalidium sp. em todas variáveis avaliadas, se equiparando ao efeito do fungicida Tiabendazol. Os óleos de citronela e capim-limão favoreceram o crescimento micelial do Scytalidium sp. Dessa forma o óleo essencial de Manjericão pode ser utilizado no controle in vitro de Scytalidium sp. da palma forrageira. Os óleos de citronela e capim limão não são indicados para o controle in vitro de Scytalidium sp. da palma forrageira.

Sisal is a key crop for the production of natural fibers, with Brazil being the world's largest producer of this plant and its cultivation concentrated mainly in the semi-arid region. In Paraíba, this culture has a relevant socioeconomic role in many municipalities. In this sense, this study aimed to evaluate the production dynamics of sisal in Remígio, in Western Curimataú, a region historically producing this type of fiber in the state. The data for this research were obtained from the Municipal Agricultural Research database of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. The area destined for sisal harvesting showed strong fluctuations during the period under review, with sharp declines from 2012 onwards. The dry period that started in 2012 resulted in a sharp reduction in the area harvested, the quantity produced and the value of production. The highest yields were observed in 2013 and 2015, when a yield of 900 kilograms of fiber per hectare was obtained. Given the socioeconomic importance of this crop for the municipality under study, actions to restructure this production chain must be taken, thus seeking to achieve better production results and the local strengthening of this segment

R E S U M O A fava é uma cultura de destaque para muitos agricultores familiares do Nordeste do Brasil, contribuindo com a geração de renda para muitas comunidades rurais dessa região. Todavia, embora seja uma cultura com adaptabilidade as condições edafoclimáticas locais, oscilações produtivas podem ser identificadas, especialmente devido ao modelo de produção utilizado. Nesse sentido, esse estudo objetivou analisar a dinâmica de produção dessa cultura no estado da Paraíba, no período de 2000-2020. Os dados foram obtidos junto a banco de informações da Pesquisa Agrícola Municipal do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, tabelados e posteriormente submetidos a análise de componentes principais (ACP). Os resultados evidenciaram elevada variabilidade para a produção de fava no estado da Paraíba durante os anos em análise. A ACP demonstrou que na Paraíba, maiores áreas colhidas, estão associadas a obtenção de melhores rendimentos e também de maiores quantidades produzidas. Diante da importância dessa cultura para muitos pequenos produtores paraibanos, torna-se importante a implementação de melhorias nesse segmento, especialmente as pautadas na introdução de variedades mais produtivas e adaptadas as condições locais. Palavras-Chaves: Dinâmica produtiva, Lavoura de subsistência, Phaseolus lunatus L. Interannual variability (2000-2020) of fava bean production in the State of Paraíba (Brazil) A B S T R A C T Fava beans are an important crop for many family farmers in Northeast Brazil, contributing to the generation of income for many rural communities in this region. However, although it is a culture with adaptability to local edaphoclimatic conditions, productive oscillations can be identified, especially due to the production model used. In this sense, this study aimed to analyze the production dynamics of this crop in the state of Paraíba, in the period 2000-2020. Data were obtained from the Municipal Agricultural Research database of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, tabulated and subsequently submitted to principal component analysis (PCA). The results showed high variability for fava bean production in the state of Paraíba during the years under analysis. The ACP demonstrated that in Paraíba, larger harvested areas are associated with obtaining better yields and also larger quantities produced. Given the importance of this crop for many small producers in Paraíba, it is important to implement improvements in this segment, especially those based on the introduction of more productive varieties adapted to local conditions. Keywords: Productive dynamics, Subsistence crop, Phaseolus lunatus L.

Soybean is the main oilseed crop cultivated worldwide and is important for human and animal nutrition. The duration of flowering, the reproductive period, and maturity is determined by genetic factors and influenced by environmental conditions, including temperature, photoperiod, precipitation, soil type, and crop management, which affect yield and regional adaptation. However, important gaps remain in understanding how soybean lines from different relative maturity groups respond to these conditions, particularly regarding the effects of temperature and precipitation on phenological development across growing seasons. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize the behavior of soybean populations and the environmental effect on the phenological cycle of the crop. Two populations were developed from biparental crosses with contrasting RMG values among the parental cultivars. The E2 population, comprising 150 lines, originated from the cross BMX Potência RR (RMG 6.7) × BMX Energia RR (RMG 5.3), whereas the E3 population, comprising 80 lines, originated from BRS 245 RR (RMG 7.3) × BRS 278 RR (RMG 9.4). The populations were evaluated over four growing seasons using an augmented block design, and the traits were analyzed using mixed models with environmental covariates. REML/BLUP methodology was used to estimate genetic parameters and predict genotypic values, enabling the selection of dual-purpose lines combining earliness and high yield. Higher temperatures and lower precipitation were associated with shorter phenological periods, whereas higher precipitation and lower temperatures were associated with longer periods. Population E2 showed more consistent associations with temperature and precipitation, whereas Population E3 showed weaker or nonsignificant associations for some traits, particularly NDM. These population-specific responses may be relevant for the selection of soybean lines in breeding programs.

Soybean is the main oilseed crop cultivated worldwide and is important for human and animal nutrition. The duration of flowering, reproductive period, and maturity is determined by genetic factors and influenced by environmental variables such as temperature, photoperiod, precipitation, soil type, and crop management, affecting yield and regional adaptation. However, gaps remain regarding the interaction between relative maturity groups (RMG) and the environment. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize the behavior of soybean populations and the environmental effect on the phenological cycle of the crop. Two populations were developed from biparental crosses with a narrow range in RMG among the parental cultivars. The E2 population originated from BMX Potência RR (RMG 6.7) × BMX Energia RR (RMG 5.3), and E3 from BRS 245 RR (RMG 7.3) × BRS 278 RR (RMG 9.4). The populations were evaluated over four growing seasons in an augmented block design, and traits were analyzed using mixed models with environmental covariates. Higher temperatures and lower precipitation were associated with shorter phenological periods, whereas higher precipitation and lower temperatures were associated with longer periods. Earlier lines were more environmentally sensitive, whereas later lines showed greater phenological stability.