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Xiaohu Lin
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China

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Journal article
Published: 19 April 2021 in Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
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Proper management of sewage sludge has become a pressing environmental issue in China in recent years. As an eco-friendly disposal method, co-processing sludge in cement kilns has attracted widespread attention. In this paper, NOx concentration changes in a cement kiln simulation with sewage sludge additions were analyzed experimentally under different temperature and oxygen content levels, and the reaction was studied by FTIR and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The most significant reduction of NOx emission was achieved at 900 °C and 3% oxygen content level, with an average reduction of 61.1 mg of NOx per gram of dry sludge and the peak point of NOx emission reduction was at 180 °C, 300 °C, 375 °C and 430 °C. The NOx reduction was mainly attributed to the conversion of NOx to N2 under a certain temperature range by the reducing substances released via the decomposition of free ammonia and protein in sludge. In order to achieve the best conditions for NOx emission reduction, sludge was added to the precalciner in the production test, resulting in an average NOx concentration reduction of 67 mg/m3 than that without addition of sewage sludge. The study analyzed synergistic treatment sludge reduction effect on NOx emission reduction through multiple experiments. These results provide a guide for the optimal conditions for reducing NOx emissions during the co-processing of sewage sludge in cement kilns.

ACS Style

Yunhui Gu; Haihua Cao; Wei Liu; Xiaohu Lin; Tao Zheng; Wei Cheng; Juwen Huang; Jingcheng Xu. Impact of co-processing sewage sludge on cement kiln NOx emissions reduction. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 2021, 9, 105511 .

AMA Style

Yunhui Gu, Haihua Cao, Wei Liu, Xiaohu Lin, Tao Zheng, Wei Cheng, Juwen Huang, Jingcheng Xu. Impact of co-processing sewage sludge on cement kiln NOx emissions reduction. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering. 2021; 9 (4):105511.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yunhui Gu; Haihua Cao; Wei Liu; Xiaohu Lin; Tao Zheng; Wei Cheng; Juwen Huang; Jingcheng Xu. 2021. "Impact of co-processing sewage sludge on cement kiln NOx emissions reduction." Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 9, no. 4: 105511.

Journal article
Published: 02 February 2021 in Sustainability
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Constructed wetlands (CWs), an ecological treatment technology, is suitable for advanced treatment, but has an unsatisfying denitrification performance for steel rolling wastewater with low C/N ratio. This study combined sulfur autotrophic denitrification (SAD) with conventional constructed horizontal subsurface flow wetlands to treat steel rolling wastewater, exploring the feasibility of applying SAD to enhance the denitrification performance of CWs. The reactor consists of two sections, one filled with manganese sand and gravel (HFC) and another filled with ceramic, sulfur, and lime (HFSAD). Results showed that HFC had a good performance on removing turbidity, DO, COD, and TP, while the average removal efficiency of total nitrogen (TN) in HFC was just 25.6%. On this basis, HFSAD could remove 45.6% of TN subsequently, whose denitrification rate was 4–6 times as high as that of HFC. Increasing hydraulic retention time could improve removal efficiency of contaminants in HFC and HFSAD in different degrees. The analysis of microbial community structure, observation results of fillers and monitored sulfate all provided proofs for the occurrence of SAD. CWs combined with SAD can be applied in the treatment of steel rolling wastewater with low carbon, which can provide reference for ecological wastewater treatment, water saving, and recycling in iron and steel enterprises.

ACS Style

Tao Zheng; Xiaohu Lin; Jingcheng Xu; Jie Ren; Danyan Sun; Yunhui Gu; Juwen Huang. Enhanced Nitrogen Removal of Steel Rolling Wastewater by Constructed Wetland Combined with Sulfur Autotrophic Denitrification. Sustainability 2021, 13, 1559 .

AMA Style

Tao Zheng, Xiaohu Lin, Jingcheng Xu, Jie Ren, Danyan Sun, Yunhui Gu, Juwen Huang. Enhanced Nitrogen Removal of Steel Rolling Wastewater by Constructed Wetland Combined with Sulfur Autotrophic Denitrification. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (3):1559.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tao Zheng; Xiaohu Lin; Jingcheng Xu; Jie Ren; Danyan Sun; Yunhui Gu; Juwen Huang. 2021. "Enhanced Nitrogen Removal of Steel Rolling Wastewater by Constructed Wetland Combined with Sulfur Autotrophic Denitrification." Sustainability 13, no. 3: 1559.

Journal article
Published: 23 March 2020 in Sustainability
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Cement manufacturing and the treatment of sludge are considered both energy-intensive industries and major greenhouse gas (GHG) emitters. However, there are still few studies on comprehensive carbon footprint analysis for adding municipal sludge in the cement production. In this study, the lime-dried sludge blended with calcium oxide at the mass mixing ratio of 10% was utilized as raw material for the preparation of Portland cement. The chemical and physical properties of sludge were analyzed. A set of carbon footprint calculation methods of lime-drying treatment of sludge and reuse in cement kilns was then established to explore the feasibility of coprocessing lime-dried sludge in cement kilns. The results showed lime-dried sludge containing CaO, SiO2, Al2O3, and Fe2O3 was ideal for cement production as raw material. However, the water content of lime-dried sludge should be strictly limited. The lime-drying process presented the biggest carbon emission (962.1 kg CO2-eq/t sludge), accounting for 89.0% of total emissions. In the clinker-production phase, the lime-dried sludge as raw material substitute and energy source gained carbon credit of 578.8 and 214.2 kg CO2-eq/t sludge, respectively. The sludge used for producing cement clinker could reduce carbon emissions by 38.5% to 51.7%. The addition ratio of lime and stacking time in the sludge lime-drying process could greatly affect the carbon footprint of coprocessing lime-dried sludge in cement kiln.

ACS Style

Li Ping; Gang Zhao; Xiaohu Lin; Yunhui Gu; Wei Liu; Haihua Cao; Juwen Huang; Jingcheng Xu. Feasibility and Carbon Footprint Analysis of Lime-Dried Sludge for Cement Production. Sustainability 2020, 12, 2500 .

AMA Style

Li Ping, Gang Zhao, Xiaohu Lin, Yunhui Gu, Wei Liu, Haihua Cao, Juwen Huang, Jingcheng Xu. Feasibility and Carbon Footprint Analysis of Lime-Dried Sludge for Cement Production. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (6):2500.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Li Ping; Gang Zhao; Xiaohu Lin; Yunhui Gu; Wei Liu; Haihua Cao; Juwen Huang; Jingcheng Xu. 2020. "Feasibility and Carbon Footprint Analysis of Lime-Dried Sludge for Cement Production." Sustainability 12, no. 6: 2500.

Communication
Published: 15 June 2019 in Sustainability
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Municipal sewage sludge (MSS) disposal is an urgent issue in China with the continuous growth of sewage treatment capacity. Among various disposal methods, co-processing of MSS in cement kilns has been one of the most promising disposal methods in recent years. The present situation of sewage treatment and sludge disposal, the development of co-processing MSS in a cement kiln, and main disposal routes in China were discussed in this study. The results indicated that China had paid considerable attention to the technology and released correlative policies in the past few years. There were about 35 co-processing projects built in China, all of which were limited by construction scale and pollutant emissions. Due to differences in construction methods and economic conditions, China’s co-processing projects mainly employed three routes—direct addition to a transition chamber, addition to a precalciner after direct thermal drying, and addition to a precalciner after indirect drying. Summarizing and analyzing the characteristics of MSS co-processing would facilitate its development in China and similar regions.

ACS Style

Jingcheng Xu; Li Ping; Haihua Cao; Wei Liu; Yunhui Gu; Xiaohu Lin; Juwen Huang. Application Status of Co-Processing Municipal Sewage Sludge in Cement Kilns in China. Sustainability 2019, 11, 3315 .

AMA Style

Jingcheng Xu, Li Ping, Haihua Cao, Wei Liu, Yunhui Gu, Xiaohu Lin, Juwen Huang. Application Status of Co-Processing Municipal Sewage Sludge in Cement Kilns in China. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (12):3315.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jingcheng Xu; Li Ping; Haihua Cao; Wei Liu; Yunhui Gu; Xiaohu Lin; Juwen Huang. 2019. "Application Status of Co-Processing Municipal Sewage Sludge in Cement Kilns in China." Sustainability 11, no. 12: 3315.

Journal article
Published: 21 March 2019 in Sustainability
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Urban water bodies are limited by poor mobility, small surface areas, and little water supply; thus, they are sensitive to atmospheric nutrient inputs, especially during the optimal period of algae growth. This study investigated the impact of atmospheric deposition on the Quyang urban water body in Shanghai. Observations that coupled atmospheric organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorous and the actual urban water body (nutrient availability and Chlorophyll-a concentrations (Chl-a)) were conducted during spring and summer. Atmospheric total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), ammonia (N-NH4+) and total phosphorus (TP) deposition ranged from 35–81, 3–40, 0.79–20.40 and 0.78–0.25 mg m−2 d−1, respectively. The soluble N/P molar ratios of the bulk deposition (ranging from 56–636) were well above the Redfield ratio (N/P = 16). Nutrient inputs from atmospheric deposition have been suggested to be a strong factor for increasing the likelihood of P limitation in the water bodies. The actual loads to small, shallow urban water bodies were assessed and found to be ~50, 130, 130 (the N-fixation contributes to the atmospheric deposition inputs especially during the spring), and 80% of TOC, TN, N-NH4+, and TP, respectively, representing nutrients transferred into the water phase. The maximum primary production (evaluated as Chl-a) stock resulting in a 2-m-deep water column from the above inputs ranged from 2.54–7.98 mg Chl-a m−3. As a continuous source of nutrients, atmospheric deposition should not be underestimated as a driving force for urban water body eutrophication, and it potentially influences primary production, especially during the optimal algae growth period.

ACS Style

Tao Zheng; Haihua Cao; Wei Liu; Jingcheng Xu; Yijing Yan; Xiaohu Lin; Juwen Huang. Characteristics of Atmospheric Deposition during the Period of Algal Bloom Formation in Urban Water Bodies. Sustainability 2019, 11, 1703 .

AMA Style

Tao Zheng, Haihua Cao, Wei Liu, Jingcheng Xu, Yijing Yan, Xiaohu Lin, Juwen Huang. Characteristics of Atmospheric Deposition during the Period of Algal Bloom Formation in Urban Water Bodies. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (6):1703.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tao Zheng; Haihua Cao; Wei Liu; Jingcheng Xu; Yijing Yan; Xiaohu Lin; Juwen Huang. 2019. "Characteristics of Atmospheric Deposition during the Period of Algal Bloom Formation in Urban Water Bodies." Sustainability 11, no. 6: 1703.

Journal article
Published: 31 October 2018 in Sustainability
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In recent years, China has been vigorously carrying out the planning and implementation of Sponge City. Since the implementation of Sponge City projects involves substantial materials and energy consumption, it is significant to account corresponding carbon emissions and sinks. The existed studies about carbon emission of stormwater management measures, however, are not able to take the whole life cycle and different facilities into consideration. Therefore, this study develops a comprehensive accounting model based on Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) guidelines and life cycle assessment (LCA) method to predict carbon emissions and carbon sinks of Sponge City projects more comprehensively and accurately. The model is applied to an actual residential community in Shanghai as a case study. Results show that the total indirect carbon emission is estimated to be 774,277 kg CO2 eq during a 30-year lifespan, among which carbon emissions from operation and maintenance phases are 2570 kg CO2 eq/year and 7309 kg CO2 eq/year, respectively, both directly proportional to the service life of the facilities. Three kinds of achievable carbon sinks are carbon sequestration in green space (5450 kg CO2 eq/year), carbon sink from rainwater utilization (15,379 kg CO2 eq/year) and carbon sink from runoff pollutant removal (19,552 kg CO2 eq/year). Carbon neutrality is expected to be reached after approximately 19 years. The established carbon emission accounting model can contribute to better planning and construction of Sponge City in China and enhance further energy conservation and carbon emission reduction.

ACS Style

Xiaohu Lin; Jie Ren; Jingcheng Xu; Tao Zheng; Wei Cheng; Junlian Qiao; Juwen Huang; Guangming Li. Prediction of Life Cycle Carbon Emissions of Sponge City Projects: A Case Study in Shanghai, China. Sustainability 2018, 10, 3978 .

AMA Style

Xiaohu Lin, Jie Ren, Jingcheng Xu, Tao Zheng, Wei Cheng, Junlian Qiao, Juwen Huang, Guangming Li. Prediction of Life Cycle Carbon Emissions of Sponge City Projects: A Case Study in Shanghai, China. Sustainability. 2018; 10 (11):3978.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xiaohu Lin; Jie Ren; Jingcheng Xu; Tao Zheng; Wei Cheng; Junlian Qiao; Juwen Huang; Guangming Li. 2018. "Prediction of Life Cycle Carbon Emissions of Sponge City Projects: A Case Study in Shanghai, China." Sustainability 10, no. 11: 3978.