Climate change is the most serious threat that the modern world has ever faced. This has led to increasing attention from the government, industries, researchers, and practitioners on the theme of green practice. Due to the heightened awareness of climate change, the hospitality industry is under pressure to implement green practices and reduce the environmental impact of their operation. The research aims at understanding the indicators that define green practice in the hospitality industry and then developing a model that can be used to measure the green score. The research identifies twenty-six indicators of green practice in the hotel industry. These indicators were clustered into six different criteria. Based on the identified indicators and criteria, an integrated fuzzy AHP-TOPSIS method is proposed to calculate the green score. The fuzzy AHP method is used to calculate the weight of the criteria and indicators, while the fuzzy TOPSIS method is used to calculate the green score and rank hotels. The fuzzy AHP result shows that the criterion “Recycling and Reuse” has the highest weight among the identified criteria, while “Green Training and Incentives” has the lowest weight. The application of the proposed method is demonstrated by using a case study of hotels situated in the Sultanate of Oman. The result shows that the 4-star and 5-star hotels in the Sultanate have green scores between 0.56 and 0.641 out of 1.0 at a 95% confidence interval. The results further show that having a high star ranking hotel does not necessarily mean that the hotel is better in terms of green practice. The developed model helps the hotel industry to understand the indicator and criteria, as identified in this research work, they need to improve in order to improve their overall green management practice.

Among the critical issues dictating bio-composite performance is the interfacial bonding between the natural fibers and polymer matrix. In this regard, this article presents new synthesis routes comprising the treatment and functionalization of both date palm powder (DPP) filler and a polypropylene (PP) matrix to enhance filler–polymer adhesion in the newly developed bio-composites. Specifically, four bio-composite forms are considered: untreated DPP filled PP (DPP-UT/PP), treated DPP filled PP (DPP-T/PP), treated DPP filled functionalized PP using 2-isocyanatoethyl methacrylate (DPP-T/PP-g-IEM), and treated and functionalized DPP using 4-toluenesulfonyl chloride filled functionalized PP using 2-acrylamide ((DPP-T)-g-TsCl/PP-g-AcAm). The functional groups created on the surface of synthesized PP-g-IEM react with activated hydroxyl groups attached to the filler, resulting in chemical crosslinking between both components. Similarly, the reaction of TsCl with NH₂ chemical groups residing on the mating surfaces of the filler and polymer generates an amide bond in the interface region. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) is used to confirm the successful coupling between the filler and polypropylene matrix after applying the treatment and functionalization schemes. Owing to the introduced crosslinking, the DPP-T/PP-g-IEM bio-composite exhibits the best mechanical properties as compared to the neat polymer, unfunctionalized polymer-based bio-composite, and (DPP-T)-g-TsCl/PP-g-AcAm counterpart. The applied compatibilizers assist in reducing the water uptake of the manufactured bio-composites, increasing their durability.