High-strength steel has high strength and low thermal conductivity, and its thin-walled parts are very susceptible to residual stress and deformation caused by cutting heat during the drilling process, which affects the machining accuracy and quality. High-strength steel thin-walled components are widely used in aerospace and other high-end sectors; however, systematic investigations into their temperature fields during drilling remain scarce, particularly regarding the evolution characteristics of the temperature field in thin-wall drilling and the quantitative relationship between drilling parameters and these temperature variations. This paper takes the thin-walled parts of AF1410 high-strength steel as the research object, designs a special fixture, and applies infrared thermography to measure the bottom surface temperature in the thin-walled drilling process in real time; this is carried out in order to study the characteristics of the temperature field during the thin-walled drilling process of high-strength steel, as well as the influence of the drilling dosage on the temperature field of the bottom surface. The experimental findings are as follows: in the process of thin-wall drilling of high-strength steel, the temperature field of the bottom surface of the workpiece shows an obvious temperature gradient distribution; before the formation of the drill cap, the highest temperature of the bottom surface of the workpiece is distributed in the central circular area corresponding to the extrusion of the transverse edge during the drilling process, and the highest temperature of the bottom surface can be approximated as the temperature of the extrusion friction zone between the top edge of the drill and the workpiece when the top edge of the drill bit drills to a position close to the bottom surface of the workpiece and increases with the increase in the drilling speed and the feed volume; during the process of drilling, the highest temperature of the bottom surface of the workpiece is approximated as the temperature of the top edge of the drill bit and the workpiece. The maximum temperature of the bottom surface of the workpiece in the drilling process increases nearly linearly with the drilling of the drill, and the slope of the maximum temperature increases nearly linearly with the increase in the drilling speed and feed, in which the influence of the feed on the slope of the maximum temperature increases is larger than that of the drilling speed.

To enhance the efficiency and accuracy of partial-to-whole point cloud registration for complex workpieces, this paper presents a novel method based on the Mean Feature Descriptor (MFD). The proposed approach extracts geometric features from key points in the scanned point cloud, constructs local feature descriptors using a localized coordinate system, and performs coarse registration. Compared to conventional local descriptor-based methods, the MFD algorithm not only effectively captures local geometric characteristics but also significantly improves computational efficiency while maintaining high registration accuracy. Experimental results demonstrate that the MFD-based method substantially accelerates registration and measurement processes for complex workpieces. It exhibits strong robustness against noise and varying point cloud resolutions, outperforming existing descriptors such as PFH, FPFH, and HoPPF in terms of F1 score and matching precision. The method achieves reliable registration even under challenging conditions, such as partial overlap and geometric feature sparsity. Notably, the MFD descriptor inherently captures geometric symmetry-invariant features of local point cloud regions especially symmetric interfaces of complex workpieces. This ensures stable registration performance even when partial scans only preserve part of the workpiece’s symmetric structure.

Ta-2.5W alloy is a promising liner material for high-performance shaped-charge warheads because of its high density and excellent dynamic mechanical properties. However, conventional machining and hot-forming routes suffer from low material utilization, limited dimensional accuracy, and oxidation-related defects. In this study, near-net-shape cold pressing and annealing treatments were investigated for Ta-2.5W liners. The initial microstructure and mechanical properties of the starting sheet were characterized, compression tests were performed to establish a room-temperature constitutive model, and 16 combinations of deformation and annealing temperature were designed to clarify the evolution of grain morphology and crack sensitivity. To compensate for elastic die deformation and blank springback, a coupled simulation-based die correction strategy was further developed. The results show that the starting alloy exhibits an excellent strength–ductility balance with weak anisotropy. Increasing cold deformation refines the grains, whereas increasing annealing temperature initially promotes grain refinement but subsequently causes grain coarsening. Excessive deformation combined with high annealing temperature increases crack susceptibility. Based on the single-specimen screening experiments in this study, a preliminary processing range of 20–40% cold deformation and 1200 °C annealing produced the most favorable microstructural condition without obvious cracking. After iterative die compensation, trial-manufactured parts satisfied the target contour requirements and showed uniform, crack-free microstructures after annealing.

Severe surface wear serves as a critical factor that limits the service life and operational reliability of precision mechanical components, whereas protective coatings offer an effective approach to mitigate surface wear and prolong the service life of mechanical parts. Although multiple studies focus on Cr-based coatings, the systematic correlation between coating microstructure and tribological properties remains unclear. Herein, Cr, CrN, CrN/Cr multilayer, and gradient CrN coatings are deposited on CrNi3MoVA steel by arc ion plating, and their tribological behaviors are systematically evaluated through sliding tests, three-dimensional wear-track profilometry, and SEM/EDS characterization. The results reveal a pronounced dependence of wear resistance on coating architecture, with the gradient CrN coating exhibiting the most stable and uniform wear behavior with the lowest material loss during sliding service. The superior wear resistance stems from the gradual compositional and microstructural transition from metallic Cr to ceramic CrN, which achieves uniform stress transfer, alleviates stress concentration, and suppresses crack initiation and damage propagation. The wear mechanism of the gradient CrN coating is dominated by mild adhesive wear, accompanied by slight tribo-oxidation, interfacial material transfer and minor third-body abrasive wear. This study demonstrates that gradient structure design provides an effective strategy for improving the structural stability and tribological durability of Cr-based coatings and offers a promising approach for surface wear protection and service life extension of precision mechanical components.