The mining industry plays a significant role in the extraction and processing of various ore materials (phosphate, copper, iron, gold, aggregates and others), contributing to industrial and economic development. Rock fragmentation is a fundamental operation and a complex element in mining activities influenced by multiple parameters, including geological and geometric factors, explosive load parameters, and others related to the details of the execution of the blasting plan. The effectiveness of blasting depends on factors such as the geological structure, volume, optimal size of rocks to be blasted, and compliance with safety conditions. To achieve desirable outcomes, it is crucial to make informed decisions regarding the types and quantities of explosives to be used, along with other principal parameters of drilling-blasting design. Continuous evaluation of rock fragmentation is essential for optimizing blasting plans by contributing to the improvement of the quality-price ratio under favorable environmental and safety conditions. This study aims to analyze and enhance the quality of rock fragmentation resulting from blasting activities in the Kef Lahmar-Setif limestone quarry (northeast Algeria), which is characterized by significant rock mass fracturing. This fracturing will be carefully analyzed in order to arrive at an accurate blasting plan for the structure of the studied rock massif. As the aim of the research is to optimize the blasting plan to generate maximum gas pressure and minimize shock pressure due to the existing fractures in the rock mass. in order to test this hypothesis, we conducted several blasting tests by modifying the charge rate of the explosives used (Anfomil and Marmanite III), while maintaining the same parameters in the blasting plan for each test. The goal was to achieve optimal fragmentation. The particle size of the blasted rock pile was analyzed using WipFrag software, which utilizes image analysis techniques.

The objective of the study is to provide a comprehensive assessment of the vulnerability to future erosion in the region of Boumerdes-Zemmouri located in Eastern Algiers. A multi-criteria analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) combined with (GIS) analysis was used to evaluate the effects of various geomorphologic factors that influence the land, these include slope, geology, land use, and rainfall. The results showed that the most vulnerable surfaces occupy more than 63% of the study area. The vulnerability of this region is significantly high due to the multiple factors that affect its preservation and sustainability.

In open-pit mining, optimizing blasting techniques is essential for enhancing both operational efficiency and achieving desired rock fragmentation, which directly impacts subsequent processes such as loading, hauling, and crushing. A well-designed drilling pattern and precise blasting plan are crucial for ensuring the effective distribution of block sizes. The technical and geometrical characterization of rock fragments plays a key role in improving blasting performance. This study focuses on enhancing fragmentation quality in the ENG Ain Touta limestone quarry, NE of Algeria, through the application of numerical modeling techniques. Current blasting outcomes were evaluated using WipFrag software to create particle size distribution curves, which revealed a significant proportion of oversized blocks, ranging between 21% and 25%. This highlights a critical need for modifications to the blasting plan. To address this, a revised plan was developed, incorporating an additional 20 kg of explosives per borehole. The predicted effects of this adjustment were modeled using the Kuz-Ram method, showing a 40% reduction in oversized blocks and a substantial improvement in rock fragmentation quality. The results underscore the effectiveness of integrating image analysis software and predictive modeling in refining blasting strategies. By mproving fragmentation, this approach can significantly boost mining operations’ efficiency, reduce the handling of oversized materials, and optimize the overall quarrying process. This study demonstrates the potential of numerical models and targeted adjustments in blasting plans to enhance productivity and cost-effectiveness in open-pit mining operations.

Purpose. In order to fully exploit the metal and facilitate its method of processing, we need an accurate knowledge of its composition, granular distribution, and association with unimportant and penalizing elements that we would like to get rid of, compared to the distribution of the element to extract by flotation method. Methodology. The present experimental work proposes an approach to the mineralogical, chemical and particle size characterization, several analyzes have been carried out by Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM/EDS), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Optical Microscopy (OM), Particle Size-Fraction Analysis (PSFA), and X-ray Fluorescence (XRF). These analyzes were submitted on samples of lead-zinc of different sizes as well as well-prepared fine powder of this ore; the zinc content of the raw material is about 5% Zn. Findings. The results obtained by the mineralogical characterization and the particle size analysis reveal a very varied and irregular texture of the ore, consisting mainly of sulphides (sphalerite, galena, pyrite, marcasite), associated with carbonate gangue, mainly dolomite and calcite. The theoretical dimensions of the particles found in the fine grain size classes [-1 +0.053] mm. In addition, the conditions of the pulp using the following reagents: CuSO4 activator, PAX collector, CaO regulator and the pine oil foamed, along with a pH modifier between 10.5 and 12 (11.8 optimal), improve the content of sulphide minerals, and increased the concentrate of sphalerite (ZnS) by foam Flotation with a maximum recovery and economically appropriate content (54% Zn concentrate). Originality. Depending on the results of the analysis performed and the complete collection of data obtained in the laboratory, we aim to optimize the process of treating lead-zinc sulphide ore and give a more detailed reference source to specialists, researchers and metallurgists in field of mining in general and in the treatment of polymetallic lead-zinc ore in the area studied in particular. Practical value. Benefit the values of beneficial minerals (concentrate of zinc and others sulphide), from different types of raw materials. The latter focuses on flotation as the main successful technique in the extraction of this type of lead-zinc minerals, but it requires constant research and careful examination of its elements and values in order to excel in this field of polymetallic-sulphide ore processing.

He Ain Mimoun baryte deposit is a vein complex located on the northern flank of the Khenchela anticline, the last link of the Aurès mountain chain to the east. It is sheltered in geological formations of Aptian-Albian age, with various lithological natures (limestones, dolomitic limestones, dolomites, sandstones, marly limestones and marls). The deposit contains important reserves, the majority of which are utilised for oil drilling. The valorisation of baryte offers a significant gain for the ENOF mining company by enabling a high-quality concentrate. This methodology makes it possible to diversify the uses of this substance as well as satisfy the company's customers. The main aim of this study is to characterise the ore from a mineralogical and physico-chemical point of view, highlighting the applications of different qualitative and quantitative analytical techniques (X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, infrared spectrophotometry). The petro-mineralogical analysis reveals the presence of a baryte closely associated with a rich and diverse mineralogical assemblage. It is derived from a hydrothermal mineralising fluid deposited under well-defined geochemical conditions. This substance is expressed in two main aspects: one lamellar, prismatic, friable, and clearly pure; the other massively fibro-radiated, less preponderant, and less pure. The physicochemical analytical protocol highlights the relationships between the different mineralogical phases, particle size distributions, and the evolution of chemical contents, making it possible to identify a release mesh. This study enables us to propose flotation as the most appropriate treatment method for enriching the ore while eliminating individual chemicals and harmful products from both economic and environmental perspectives.