This study evaluated the effects of dietary lipid sources and lysolecithin (LL) supplementation on the growth performance, lipid metabolism, hepatopancreatic histology, and intestinal microbiota of Macrobrachium rosenbergii. A 56-day feeding trial was conducted using six isonitrogenous diets containing fish oil (FO), soybean oil (SO), or a 1:1 FO-SO blend (MO), and each supplemented with or without 0.5% LL. Results indicated a significant interaction between dietary lipid sources and LL supplementation on growth performance (P < 0.05). The mixed oil diet supplemented with LL yielded the highest growth rates, while LL supplementation significantly improved feed efficiency (P < 0.05). Regarding histological status, the dietary soybean oil treatment induced significant increase lipid deposition and histological alterations in the hepatopancreas; however, LL supplementation significantly alleviated these adverse effects (P < 0.0001). Dietary lipid source significantly affected muscle n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (P < 0.01). However, a significant interaction between dietary lipid source and LL supplementation was observed specifically for hepatopancreatic total n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (P = 0.0053). Gene expression analysis confirmed that LL modulates lipid metabolism in a source-dependent manner, upregulating fatty acid oxidation pathways (Pparα, Cpt1) in fish oil groups while influencing synthesis pathways (FAS) in soybean oil groups (P < 0.05). Furthermore, LL supplementation significantly altered the composition of intestinal microbiota, specifically enriching beneficial bacterial genera in dietary soybean oil-treatment (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the dietary treatment combining mixed oils and LL showed synergistic effects, effectively improving growth performance, optimizing lipid metabolic status, and maintaining hepatopancreatic health in M. rosenbergii.

This study evaluated the effects of dietary lipid sources and lysolecithin (LL) supplementation on the growth performance, lipid metabolism, hepatopancreatic histology, and intestinal microbiota of Macrobrachium rosenbergii . A 56‐day feeding trial was conducted using six isonitrogenous diets containing fish oil (FO), soybean oil (SO), or a 1:1 FO–SO blend (mixed oil [MO]), and each supplemented with or without 0.5% LL. Results indicated a significant interaction between dietary lipid sources and LL supplementation on growth performance ( p < 0.05). The MO diet supplemented with LL yielded the highest growth rates, while LL supplementation significantly improved feed efficiency ( p < 0.05). Regarding histological status, the dietary SO treatment induced a significant increase in hepatopancreatic lipid deposition ( p < 0.0001) and histological alterations, while LL supplementation reduced lipid deposition and improved hepatopancreatic morphology. Dietary lipid source significantly affected muscle n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs; p < 0.01). However, a significant interaction between dietary lipid source and LL supplementation was observed specifically for hepatopancreatic total n‐3 PUFA ( p = 0.0053). Gene expression analysis confirmed that LL modulates lipid metabolism in a source‐dependent manner, upregulating fatty acid oxidation pathways ( Pparα and Cpt1 ) in FO groups while influencing synthesis pathways ( FAS ) in SO groups ( p < 0.05). Furthermore, LL supplementation significantly altered the composition of intestinal microbiota, specifically enriching beneficial bacterial genera in dietary SO‐treatment ( p < 0.05). In conclusion, the dietary treatment combining MOs and LL showed beneficial effects on growth performance, lipid metabolism, and hepatopancreatic health in M. rosenbergii .

Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae meal (BSF meal) has emerged as a promising sustainable protein source in aquafeed formulation. This study examined the effects of graded BSF meal inclusion (0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% fishmeal replacement) and die head temperature (80 °C, 100 °C, and 120 °C) on the physical properties of extruded diets for Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer), with particular attention to their interactive effects. Both factors significantly affected most pellet quality parameters (p < 0.05), with the exception that no significant interaction effect was observed for moisture content (p = 0.2817). PDI increased progressively with BSF meal inclusion, peaking at 99.14% at 100% substitution and significantly exceeding the control. Higher BSF meal inclusion levels were associated with reduced expansion ratio (ER), bulk density (BD), and sinking velocity (SV). Notably, pellets produced at 80–100% BSF meal inclusion combined with moderate die temperatures (80–100 °C) achieved complete buoyancy (SV = 0.00 m/s). Processing at 80 °C yielded the highest ER and water absorption index (WAI), while 120 °C was associated with elevated water solubility index (WSI), indicating a higher risk of nutrient leaching. These results suggest that BSF meal can replace fishmeal at up to 100% without compromising pellet durability. Extrusion of BSF-based diets at 60–100% inclusion and 80–100 °C is recommended to achieve an optimal balance of structural integrity, hydration properties, and buoyancy for Asian seabass feeds.