The lack of reproducibility of published studies is one of the major issues facing the scientific community, and the field of biofilm microbiology has been no exception. One effective strategy against this multifaceted problem is the use of minimum information guidelines. This strategy provides a guide for authors and reviewers on the necessary information that a manuscript should include for the experiments in a study to be clearly interpreted and independently reproduced. As a result of several discussions between international groups working in the area of biofilms, we present a guideline for the spectrophotometric and fluorometric assessment of biofilm formation in microplates. This guideline has been divided into 5 main sections, each presenting a comprehensive set of recommendations. The intention of the minimum information guideline is to improve the quality of scientific communication that will augment interlaboratory reproducibility in biofilm microplate assays.

Oral fungal infections pose a threat to human health and increase the economic burden of oral diseases by prolonging and complicating treatment. A cost-effective strategy is to try to prevent these infections from happening in the first place. With this purpose, biomaterials with antifungal properties are a crucial element to overcome fungal infections in the oral cavity. In this review, we go through different kinds of biomaterials and coatings that can be used to functionalize them. We also review their potential as a therapeutic approach in addition to prophylaxis, by going through traditional and alternative antifungal compounds, e.g., essential oils, that could be incorporated in them, to enhance their efficacy against fungal pathogens. We aim to highlight the potential of these technologies and propose questions that need to be addressed in prospective research. Finally, we intend to concatenate the key aspects and technologies on the use of biomaterials in oral health, to create an easy to find summary of the current state-of-the-art for researchers in the field.

Invasive Candidiasis (IC) remains a critical threat to global health. Primarily caused by Candida albicans, it is increasingly driven by emerging Non-Candida albicans Candida Species (NCACs). IC typically arises from the overgrowth of commensal Candida species in immunocompromised hosts. IC accounts for an estimated 250,000–700,000 cases annually worldwide, with mortality rates between 40 and 55%, and contributes to more than 1.5 million annual deaths. Despite progress in healthcare systems, intensive care, and microbiological techniques, mortality rates remain largely unchanged. Triazole resistance is already widespread, and echinocandin resistance, while still low, is steadily climbing. The emergence of multidrug-resistant Candida auris, the growing immunocompromised population, and the absence of any antifungal vaccine collectively define this scenario as a therapeutic impasse. Given these challenges, there is an urgent need to synthesize current vaccine research to identify robust candidates and address lingering translational bottlenecks. This structured narrative review evaluates the advances and barriers in Candida spp. vaccine development over the past decade (2015–2025), structured around epidemiology and resistance; immunological framework underpinning vaccine design; antigenic targets and delivery platforms; and preclinical and clinical evidence. Key milestones included the Phase II clinical validation of NDV-3A, the first successful large-scale human trial of a fungal vaccine; the standardization of the A/J mouse model for C. auris; the emergence of multi-epitope computational platforms with >94% HLA population coverage; and cross-kingdom protection paradigms. Major obstacles included commensal-to-pathogen duality of Candida, immunocompromised host paradox, antigenic plasticity, and chronic underinvestment. Converging next-generation vaccine strategies are beginning to bridge the gap between bench discovery and clinical implementation.

Vibrational spectroscopy combined with PCA does not reveal biochemical differences between fluorescent-protein-tagged and wild-type bacteria in surface-associated microdroplets.