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Dr. Gabriele Serreli
Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy

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0 Human Nutrition
0 Oxidative Stress
0 polyphenols
0 metabolites
0 bioactive compounds

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intracellular signaling

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Journal article
Published: 12 June 2021 in Nutrients
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Wholegrain oats contain a variety of phenolic compounds thought to help maintain healthy vascular function, through the maintenance of local levels of the vasodilator nitric oxide (NO). Thus, the full molecular mechanisms involved are not yet clear. With this work we aim to understand the possible cellular mechanisms by which avenanthramides and ferulic acid derivatives, present in oats, may help maintain a healthy vascular function through the modulation of the NO pathway. Primary Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVEC) were exposed to ferulic acid, isoferulic acid, hydroferulic acid, ferulic acid 4-O-glucuronide, isoferulic acid 3-O-sulfate, dihydroferulic acid 4-O-glucuronide, avenanthramide A, avenanthramide B and avenanthramide C (1 μM) or vehicle (methanol) for 24 h. Apocynin and Nω-Nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA) were additionally included as controls. NO and cyclic GMP (cGMP) levels, superoxide production and the activation of the Akt1/eNOS pathway were assessed. The statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA followed by a Tukey post-hoc t-test. Apocynin and all phenolic compounds increased NO levels in HUVEC cells (increased DAF2-DA fluorescence and cGMP), and significantly reduced superoxide levels. Protein expression results highlighted an increase in the Akt1 activation state, and increased eNOS expression. Overall, our results indicated that the glucuronide metabolites do not enhance NO production through the Akt1/eNOS pathway, thus all compounds tested are able to reduce NO degradation through reduced superoxide formation.

ACS Style

Gabriele Serreli; Melanie Le Sayec; Estelle Thou; Camille Lacour; Camilla Diotallevi; Misbah Dhunna; Monica Deiana; Jeremy Spencer; Giulia Corona. Ferulic Acid Derivatives and Avenanthramides Modulate Endothelial Function through Maintenance of Nitric Oxide Balance in HUVEC Cells. Nutrients 2021, 13, 2026 .

AMA Style

Gabriele Serreli, Melanie Le Sayec, Estelle Thou, Camille Lacour, Camilla Diotallevi, Misbah Dhunna, Monica Deiana, Jeremy Spencer, Giulia Corona. Ferulic Acid Derivatives and Avenanthramides Modulate Endothelial Function through Maintenance of Nitric Oxide Balance in HUVEC Cells. Nutrients. 2021; 13 (6):2026.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gabriele Serreli; Melanie Le Sayec; Estelle Thou; Camille Lacour; Camilla Diotallevi; Misbah Dhunna; Monica Deiana; Jeremy Spencer; Giulia Corona. 2021. "Ferulic Acid Derivatives and Avenanthramides Modulate Endothelial Function through Maintenance of Nitric Oxide Balance in HUVEC Cells." Nutrients 13, no. 6: 2026.

Journal article
Published: 20 May 2021 in Antioxidants
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High-dose of vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid, ascorbate) exhibits anti-tumoral effects, primarily mediated by pro-oxidant mechanisms. This cytotoxic effect is thought to affect the reciprocal crosstalk between redox balance and cell metabolism in different cancer types. Vitamin C also inhibits the growth of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) cells, although the metabolic and redox effects remain to be fully understood. To shed light on these aspects, PTC-derived cell lines harboring the most common genetic alterations characterizing this tumor were used. Cell viability, apoptosis, and the metabolome were explored by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide test (MTT), flow cytometry, and UHPLC/MS. Changes were observed in redox homeostasis, with increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and perturbation in antioxidants and electron carriers, leading to cell death by both apoptosis and necrosis. The oxidative stress contributed to the metabolic alterations in both glycolysis and TCA cycle. Our results confirm the pro-oxidant effect of vitamin C as relevant in triggering the cytotoxicity in PTC cells and suggest that inhibition of glycolysis and alteration of TCA cycle via NAD+ depletion can play an important role in this mechanism of PTC cancer cell death.

ACS Style

Laura Tronci; Gabriele Serreli; Cristina Piras; Daniela Frau; Tinuccia Dettori; Monica Deiana; Federica Murgia; Maria Santoru; Martina Spada; Vera Leoni; Julian Griffin; Roberta Vanni; Luigi Atzori; Paola Caria. Vitamin C Cytotoxicity and Its Effects in Redox Homeostasis and Energetic Metabolism in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Cell Lines. Antioxidants 2021, 10, 809 .

AMA Style

Laura Tronci, Gabriele Serreli, Cristina Piras, Daniela Frau, Tinuccia Dettori, Monica Deiana, Federica Murgia, Maria Santoru, Martina Spada, Vera Leoni, Julian Griffin, Roberta Vanni, Luigi Atzori, Paola Caria. Vitamin C Cytotoxicity and Its Effects in Redox Homeostasis and Energetic Metabolism in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Cell Lines. Antioxidants. 2021; 10 (5):809.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Laura Tronci; Gabriele Serreli; Cristina Piras; Daniela Frau; Tinuccia Dettori; Monica Deiana; Federica Murgia; Maria Santoru; Martina Spada; Vera Leoni; Julian Griffin; Roberta Vanni; Luigi Atzori; Paola Caria. 2021. "Vitamin C Cytotoxicity and Its Effects in Redox Homeostasis and Energetic Metabolism in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Cell Lines." Antioxidants 10, no. 5: 809.

Journal article
Published: 04 January 2021 in Viruses
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Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) infection has emerged as a significant public health concern atthe global level. Epidemic events of EV-A71 have been reported worldwide, and this succession of outbreaks has heightened concern that EV-A71 may become a public health threat. In recent years, widespread A71 enterovirus also occurred in European countries. EV-A71 infection causes hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD), herpangina, and fever. However, it can sometimes induce a variety of neurological complications, including encephalitis, aseptic meningitis, pulmonary edema, and acute flaccid paralysis. We identified new benzimidazole derivatives and described their in vitro cytotoxicity and broad-spectrum anti-enterovirus activity. Among them, derivative 2b resulted in interesting activity against EV-A71, and therefore it was selected for further investigations. Compound 2b proved to be able to protect cell monolayers from EV-A71-induced cytopathogenicity, with an EC50 of 3 µM. Moreover, Vero-76 cells resulted in being significantly protected from necrosis and apoptosis when treated with 2b at 20 and 80 µM. Compound 2b reduced viral adsorption to Vero-76 cells, and when evaluated in a time-of-addition assay, the derivative had the highest effect when added during the infection period. Moreover, derivative 2b reduced viral penetration into host cells. Besides, 2b did not affect intestinal monolayers permeability, showing no toxic effects. A detailed insight into the efficacy of compound 2b against EV-A71 showed a dose-dependent reduction in the viral titer, also at low concentrations. Mechanism of action investigations suggested that our derivative can inhibit viral endocytosis by reducing viral attachment to and penetration into host cells. Pharmacokinetic and toxicity predictions validated compound 2b as a good candidate for further in vivo assays.

ACS Style

Roberta Ibba; Antonio Carta; Silvia Madeddu; Paola Caria; Gabriele Serreli; Sandra Piras; Simona Sestito; Roberta Loddo; Giuseppina Sanna. Inhibition of Enterovirus A71 by a Novel 2-Phenyl-Benzimidazole Derivative. Viruses 2021, 13, 58 .

AMA Style

Roberta Ibba, Antonio Carta, Silvia Madeddu, Paola Caria, Gabriele Serreli, Sandra Piras, Simona Sestito, Roberta Loddo, Giuseppina Sanna. Inhibition of Enterovirus A71 by a Novel 2-Phenyl-Benzimidazole Derivative. Viruses. 2021; 13 (1):58.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Roberta Ibba; Antonio Carta; Silvia Madeddu; Paola Caria; Gabriele Serreli; Sandra Piras; Simona Sestito; Roberta Loddo; Giuseppina Sanna. 2021. "Inhibition of Enterovirus A71 by a Novel 2-Phenyl-Benzimidazole Derivative." Viruses 13, no. 1: 58.

Journal article
Published: 19 June 2020 in Viruses
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Historically, natural products have been the most successful source of inspiration for the development of new drugs. Members of the Thymelaeaceae family have been of interest owing to their excellent medicinal value. Given the successful history of natural product-based drug discovery, extracts from the aerial parts of Thymelaea hirsuta were evaluated for their potential anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) activity. Ethyl acetate extracts from leaves (71B) and branches (72B) of Thymelaea hirsuta showed potent and selective activity against HIV-1 wt (EC50 = 0.8 µg/mL) at non-cytotoxic concentrations (CC50 > 100 µg/mL). They proved to be active against HIV-1 variants carrying clinically relevant NNRTI and NRTI mutations at low concentration (0.3–4 µg/mL range) and against the M-tropic strain HIV-1 BaL. The 72B extract, chosen as a lead, was not able to inhibit the RT and protease enzymatic functions. Furthermore, it was not virucidal, since exposure of HIV to high concentration did not affect virus infectivity. The pre-clinical safety profile of this extract showed no adverse effect on the growth of Lactobacilli, and non-toxic concentration of the extract did not influence the Caco-2 epithelial cells monolayer integrity. Additionally, extract 72B prevented syncytia formation at low concentration (0.4 µg/mL). The potent inhibitory effect on the syncytia formation in co-cultures showed that 72B inhibits an early event in the replication cycle of HIV. All of these findings prompt us to carry on new studies on Thymelaea hirsuta extracts.

ACS Style

Giuseppina Sanna; Silvia Madeddu; Giuseppe Murgia; Gabriele Serreli; Michela Begala; Pierluigi Caboni; Alessandra Incani; Gianluigi Franci; Marilena Galdiero; Gabriele Giliberti. Potent and Selective Activity against Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 (HIV-1) of Thymelaea hirsuta Extracts. Viruses 2020, 12, 664 .

AMA Style

Giuseppina Sanna, Silvia Madeddu, Giuseppe Murgia, Gabriele Serreli, Michela Begala, Pierluigi Caboni, Alessandra Incani, Gianluigi Franci, Marilena Galdiero, Gabriele Giliberti. Potent and Selective Activity against Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 (HIV-1) of Thymelaea hirsuta Extracts. Viruses. 2020; 12 (6):664.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giuseppina Sanna; Silvia Madeddu; Giuseppe Murgia; Gabriele Serreli; Michela Begala; Pierluigi Caboni; Alessandra Incani; Gianluigi Franci; Marilena Galdiero; Gabriele Giliberti. 2020. "Potent and Selective Activity against Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 (HIV-1) of Thymelaea hirsuta Extracts." Viruses 12, no. 6: 664.

Review article
Published: 15 October 2019 in Food & Function
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The metabolites of polyphenols are antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer agents. Being bioavailable, they may play an important role in preventing degenerative diseases.

ACS Style

Gabriele Serreli; Monica Deiana. In vivoformed metabolites of polyphenols and their biological efficacy. Food & Function 2019, 10, 6999 -7021.

AMA Style

Gabriele Serreli, Monica Deiana. In vivoformed metabolites of polyphenols and their biological efficacy. Food & Function. 2019; 10 (11):6999-7021.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gabriele Serreli; Monica Deiana. 2019. "In vivoformed metabolites of polyphenols and their biological efficacy." Food & Function 10, no. 11: 6999-7021.

Review
Published: 22 November 2018 in Antioxidants
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Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) polyphenols beneficial effects have widely been debated throughout the last three decades, with greater attention to hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol, which are by far the most studied. The main concern about the evaluation of EVOO phenols activities in vitro and in vivo is that the absorption and metabolism of these compounds once ingested lead to the production of different metabolites in the human body. EVOO phenols in the ingested forms are less concentrated in human tissues than their glucuronide, sulfate and methyl metabolites; on the other hand, metabolites may undergo deconjugation before entering the cells and thus act as free forms or may be reformed inside the cells so acting as conjugated forms. In most in vitro studies the presence of methyl/sulfate/glucuronide functional groups does not seem to inhibit biological activity. Parent compounds and metabolites have been shown to reach tissue concentrations useful to exert beneficial effects others than antioxidant and scavenging properties, by modulating intracellular signaling and improving cellular response to oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory stimuli. This review aims to give an overview on the reported evidence of the positive effects exerted by the main EVOO polyphenols metabolites in comparison with the parent compounds.

ACS Style

Gabriele Serreli; Monica Deiana. Biological Relevance of Extra Virgin Olive Oil Polyphenols Metabolites. Antioxidants 2018, 7, 170 .

AMA Style

Gabriele Serreli, Monica Deiana. Biological Relevance of Extra Virgin Olive Oil Polyphenols Metabolites. Antioxidants. 2018; 7 (12):170.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gabriele Serreli; Monica Deiana. 2018. "Biological Relevance of Extra Virgin Olive Oil Polyphenols Metabolites." Antioxidants 7, no. 12: 170.

Journal article
Published: 09 November 2018 in Food Research International
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Extracts obtained from Pompia intrea (PI), a traditional candied fruit whose main ingredient is the pompia fruit (Citrus monstruosa L.) were evaluated for the first time. Volatile compounds were evaluated by headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) followed by GC-FID/MS analyses. Polar compounds were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray mass spectrometry LC-ESI-Orbitrap-MS/MS and quantified by liquid chromatography coupled with ultraviolet/visible detection (LC-DAD). The antioxidant activity of these extracts was tested using the FRAP, CUPRAC, ABTS•+ and DPPH● assays. Moreover, their ability to protect intestinal cells against lipid peroxidation was studied. The HS-SPME GC-FID/MS confirmed the presence of typical molecules originating from the fruit (mainly terpenes, but particularly limonene). The LC-DAD and LC-ESI-(HR)MSn profiles showed high levels of neohesperidin (45.7 ± 11.1 mg/L) and 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural (40.8 ± 23.5 mg/L). The results showed that the PI extracts contained high levels of total phenols and exhibited considerable antioxidant activity, which was significantly correlated to the presence of specific compounds such as neoeriocitrin and neohesperidin. Furthermore, pretreatments with different concentrations of PI extracts preserved enterocytes from oxidative damage by scavenging reactive oxygen species, thus counteracting lipid peroxidation. This study suggests that consumption of PI could provide intake of compounds with ascertained biological activity.

ACS Style

Monica Deiana; Paola Montoro; Igor Jerković; Angela Atzeri; Zvonimir Marijanović; Gabriele Serreli; Sonia Piacente; Carlo Ignazio Giovanni Tuberoso. First characterization of Pompia intrea candied fruit: The headspace chemical profile, polar extract composition and its biological activities. Food Research International 2018, 120, 620 -630.

AMA Style

Monica Deiana, Paola Montoro, Igor Jerković, Angela Atzeri, Zvonimir Marijanović, Gabriele Serreli, Sonia Piacente, Carlo Ignazio Giovanni Tuberoso. First characterization of Pompia intrea candied fruit: The headspace chemical profile, polar extract composition and its biological activities. Food Research International. 2018; 120 ():620-630.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Monica Deiana; Paola Montoro; Igor Jerković; Angela Atzeri; Zvonimir Marijanović; Gabriele Serreli; Sonia Piacente; Carlo Ignazio Giovanni Tuberoso. 2018. "First characterization of Pompia intrea candied fruit: The headspace chemical profile, polar extract composition and its biological activities." Food Research International 120, no. : 620-630.

Full paper
Published: 10 September 2018 in Chemistry & Biodiversity
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Late harvest (LHW) and ice harvest (IHW) Gewürztraminer wine samples from Croatia (Ilok) were investigated. Their technological parameters, chromaticity coordinates, total phenols content, and antioxidant capacity were determined. 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural, xanthine, and trans‐caftaric acid were analyzed in the samples by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC‐DAD). Headspace solid‐phase microextraction (HS‐SPME) followed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) analysis revealed isoamyl alcohol as predominant compound (21.25‐60.30%). Diethyl succinate, 2‐phenylethanol, and benzaldehyde were also abundant. Ethyl octanoate (1.48‐5.70%) and ethyl caprate (0.48‐4.83%) decreased significantly in LHW, being the lowest in IHW. Two solvents were applied for the samples extraction (solvent A ‐ pentane : diethyl ether 1 : 2 v/v and solvent B ‐ dichloromethane) and the extracts were analyzed by GC‐MS. Ethyl hydrogen succinate (solvent A: 27.30‐52.04%; solvent B: 28.04‐46.69%) and diethyl succinate (solvent A: 5.21‐18.2%; solvent B: 2.66‐7.72%) were predominant in IHW and LHW. Aromatic alcohols were also found: 2‐phenylethanol (solvent A: 7.07‐21.09%; solvent B: 5.50‐11.82%), 4‐hydroxybenzyl alcohol (solvent A: 1.45‐6.68%; solvent B: 2.47‐12.16%) and benzyl alcohol (solvent A: 0.10‐0.77%). The obtained results complements previous study on IHW (Gewürztraminer) from Croatia providing new features and indicating great chemical diversity among the samples. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

ACS Style

Igor Jerković; Zvonimir Marijanović; Gabriele Serreli; Carlo Ignazio Giovanni Tuberoso. Insight into the Chemical Diversity of Late/Ice Harvest Gewürztraminer Wine. Chemistry & Biodiversity 2018, 15, e1800254 .

AMA Style

Igor Jerković, Zvonimir Marijanović, Gabriele Serreli, Carlo Ignazio Giovanni Tuberoso. Insight into the Chemical Diversity of Late/Ice Harvest Gewürztraminer Wine. Chemistry & Biodiversity. 2018; 15 (10):e1800254.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Igor Jerković; Zvonimir Marijanović; Gabriele Serreli; Carlo Ignazio Giovanni Tuberoso. 2018. "Insight into the Chemical Diversity of Late/Ice Harvest Gewürztraminer Wine." Chemistry & Biodiversity 15, no. 10: e1800254.

Journal article
Published: 01 September 2018 in Food Research International
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Oxidized white wines are produced by techniques that provide a barrel ageing which can range from a few years to some decades. This step, characterized by the metabolic activity of peculiar strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast, can affect the chemical composition of these wines and the production of unwanted substances such as biogenic amines. In this study, Vernaccia di Oristano wines from different vintages have been analysed for the first time regarding the content of biogenic amines and amino acids (by HPLC-FLD), and polar compounds (by HPLC-DAD and LC-MS). Furthermore, colour and technological parameters (contents of alcohol, reducing sugars, total and volatile acidities, pH and organic acids) of the wines were also evaluated. Older samples showed dark shades, which may have derived from polyphenols' oxidation while ageing. Some typical ageing products, such as 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural and hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives were found in larger quantities in these samples, as well as the purinic compound xanthine, which was also detected in relevant concentrations. Additionally, as expected, the average of the main biogenic amines quantified in Vernaccia di Oristano was higher compared to non-oxidized white wines, especially in the older samples. Thus, though this content does not exceed values which spoil the quality of the wine, the monitoring of the winemaking conditions is suggested, to further limit the presence of these undesirable compounds.

ACS Style

Carlo Ignazio Giovanni Tuberoso; Gabriele Serreli; Paola Montoro; Gilda D'Urso; Francesca Congiu; Adam Kowalczyk. Biogenic amines and other polar compounds in long aged oxidized Vernaccia di Oristano white wines. Food Research International 2018, 111, 97 -103.

AMA Style

Carlo Ignazio Giovanni Tuberoso, Gabriele Serreli, Paola Montoro, Gilda D'Urso, Francesca Congiu, Adam Kowalczyk. Biogenic amines and other polar compounds in long aged oxidized Vernaccia di Oristano white wines. Food Research International. 2018; 111 ():97-103.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Carlo Ignazio Giovanni Tuberoso; Gabriele Serreli; Paola Montoro; Gilda D'Urso; Francesca Congiu; Adam Kowalczyk. 2018. "Biogenic amines and other polar compounds in long aged oxidized Vernaccia di Oristano white wines." Food Research International 111, no. : 97-103.

Journal article
Published: 01 September 2017 in Food Research International
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The aim of the present study is to highlight volatile and targeted non-volatile bioactive compounds in Nuragus wines, as a part of Italian DOC (Controlled Origin Designation) white wines. So far there has not been any systematic study of the chemical compositions and antioxidant activity of this monovarietal wine. Phenolic compounds, volatiles and organic acids were analysed and antioxidant capacity was assessed by spectrophotometric assays. Chromaticity coordinates and technological parameters (alcohol, reducing sugars, pH, total and volatile acidity) were also evaluated. Gallic acid (128±87mg/L), trans-caftaric acid (81±27mg/L) and tyrosol (25±8mg/L) were the most abundant phenolic compounds. The major headspace volatiles were isoamyl alcohol (35.8-76.6%) and 2-phenylethanol (5.9-24.9%). In the wine extracts, the most abundant were 2-phenylethanol (12.3-40.0%), 4-hydroxy-2-phenylethanol (12.5-33.3%), diethyl succinate (5.8-30.3%), (Z)-octadec-9-en-1-ol (5.9-18.3%) and tryptophol (2.8-15.6%). Nuragus wines exhibited an excellent antioxidant capacity. The data obtained may help Nuragus wine producers to promote this monovarietal wine as a valid complement associated with the Mediterranean diet.

ACS Style

Gabriele Serreli; Igor Jerković; Zvonimir Marijanović; Katarzyna Angelika Gil; Carlo Ignazio Giovanni Tuberoso. Evaluation of natural occurring bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity in Nuragus white wines. Food Research International 2017, 99, 571 -576.

AMA Style

Gabriele Serreli, Igor Jerković, Zvonimir Marijanović, Katarzyna Angelika Gil, Carlo Ignazio Giovanni Tuberoso. Evaluation of natural occurring bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity in Nuragus white wines. Food Research International. 2017; 99 ():571-576.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gabriele Serreli; Igor Jerković; Zvonimir Marijanović; Katarzyna Angelika Gil; Carlo Ignazio Giovanni Tuberoso. 2017. "Evaluation of natural occurring bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity in Nuragus white wines." Food Research International 99, no. : 571-576.

Journal article
Published: 01 May 2017 in Journal of Food Composition and Analysis
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The aim of this study was to perform a preliminary chemical and physical characterization of the Carignano wine, an Italian monovarietal red wine mainly produced in the south-west of Sardinia (Italy). Technological parameters (alcohol, reducing sugars, total and volatile acidity, and pH), organic acid content, CIE L*C*abh°ab chromaticity coordinates, phenolic compound contents (with spectrophotometric assays and HPLC-DAD), nitrogen compounds (with HPLC-FLD) and antioxidant capacity assessed by FRAP and DPPH assays were evaluated in 14 samples (vintage 2013) and compared with 3 aged samples. Carignano wines showed a significant level of phenolic compounds (2023 ± 435 mg GAE/L) and a good in vitro antioxidant capacity (31.6 ± 5.2 mmol Fe2+/L and 10.0 ± 1.4 mmol TEAC/L, respectively). The content of total polyphenols correlated significantly (p < 0.001) with the total reducing power and radical scavenging capacity. The nitrogen compounds found in samples were mainly amino acids, and among these, the content of essential amino acids was of 61.4 ± 22.5 mg/L. A relatively low amount of undesirable biogenic amines was also found (17.2 ± 6.9 mg/L). Xanthine was detected in all the samples in the range 48.0–101.4 mg/L. These data may help wineries improve their consumer safety procedures for Carignano wine productio

ACS Style

Carlo Ignazio Giovanni Tuberoso; Gabriele Serreli; Francesca Congiu; Paola Montoro; Maurizio Antonio Fenu. Characterization, phenolic profile, nitrogen compounds and antioxidant activity of Carignano wines. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 2017, 58, 60 -68.

AMA Style

Carlo Ignazio Giovanni Tuberoso, Gabriele Serreli, Francesca Congiu, Paola Montoro, Maurizio Antonio Fenu. Characterization, phenolic profile, nitrogen compounds and antioxidant activity of Carignano wines. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis. 2017; 58 ():60-68.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Carlo Ignazio Giovanni Tuberoso; Gabriele Serreli; Francesca Congiu; Paola Montoro; Maurizio Antonio Fenu. 2017. "Characterization, phenolic profile, nitrogen compounds and antioxidant activity of Carignano wines." Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 58, no. : 60-68.

Original paper
Published: 26 April 2017 in Plant Foods for Human Nutrition
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The aim of this research was to evaluate the antioxidant capacity and physical-chemical characteristics of commercial white myrtle berry (Myrtus communis L. var. leucocarpa DC) liqueur (WMBL). The total phenolic (TP) content was measured spectrophotometrically, applying a modified Folin-Ciocalteu's method, and phenolic compounds were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with electrospray mass spectrometry, and quantified by HPLC coupled with ultraviolet/visible detection. The antioxidant capacities were evaluated by FRAP, CUPRAC, DPPH(•), and ABTS(•+) assays. The volatiles were assessed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS/FID) after headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and liquid-liquid extraction (LLE). WMBL showed lower TP levels (636.3 ± 39.2 mg GAE/L) than in purple myrtle berry liqueur (PMBL). Nevertheless, WMBL exhibited better antioxidant capacities, potentially due to high concentrations of gallic acid (294.2 ± 14.2 mg/L) and its derivatives (58.3 ± 2.1 mg/L). Other phenolic compounds detected by HPLC-DAD and LC-MS/MS were flavonols like myricetin and its derivatives (myricetin-3-O-galactoside and myricetin-3-O-rhamnoside) with concentrations similar to those found in PMBL. GC-MS/FID analysis revealed 44 compounds (terpenes, higher aliphatic compounds and shikimic acid pathway derivatives). 1,8-Cineole was the most abundant terpene in the liqueur (26.5% (HS-SPME) and 9.6% (LLE)).

ACS Style

Gabriele Serreli; Igor Jerković; Katarzyna Angelika Gil; Zvonimir Marijanović; Viviana Pacini; Carlo Ignazio Giovanni Tuberoso. Phenolic Compounds, Volatiles and Antioxidant Capacity of White Myrtle Berry Liqueurs. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition 2017, 175, 241 -210.

AMA Style

Gabriele Serreli, Igor Jerković, Katarzyna Angelika Gil, Zvonimir Marijanović, Viviana Pacini, Carlo Ignazio Giovanni Tuberoso. Phenolic Compounds, Volatiles and Antioxidant Capacity of White Myrtle Berry Liqueurs. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition. 2017; 175 (2):241-210.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gabriele Serreli; Igor Jerković; Katarzyna Angelika Gil; Zvonimir Marijanović; Viviana Pacini; Carlo Ignazio Giovanni Tuberoso. 2017. "Phenolic Compounds, Volatiles and Antioxidant Capacity of White Myrtle Berry Liqueurs." Plant Foods for Human Nutrition 175, no. 2: 241-210.

Journal article
Published: 10 January 2017 in Journal of Food Science
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The phenolic fraction of a naturally fermented cultivar of table olives, "Tonda di Cagliari," was investigated for the ability to protect Caco-2 cells against oxidative stress and membrane damage induced by tert-butyl hydroperoxyde (TBH). TBH exposure resulted in an alteration of cellular redox status, with an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a decrease in reduced glutathione (GSH) level. A loss of the epithelial integrity, as indicated by the decrease of the transepithelial electrical resistance value, was also observed over time, together with an intense lipid peroxidation process. The olives phenolic extract significantly counteracted ROS generation and subsequent alteration of monolayer integrity and membrane oxidative damage. The protective action of the extract is likely due to the scavenging ability of its main components, as hydroxytyrosol, oleuropein, and verbascoside among the secoiridoids and derivatives. Since olives phenolic compounds concentrate in the intestinal lumen, they may be a useful tool in the prevention of intestinal disorders related to oxidative damage.

ACS Style

Gabriele Serreli; Alessandra Incani; Angela Atzeri; Alberto Angioni; Marco Campus; Emanuele Cauli; Roberto Zurru; Monica Deiana. Antioxidant Effect of Natural Table Olives Phenolic Extract Against Oxidative Stress and Membrane Damage in Enterocyte-Like Cells. Journal of Food Science 2017, 82, 380 -385.

AMA Style

Gabriele Serreli, Alessandra Incani, Angela Atzeri, Alberto Angioni, Marco Campus, Emanuele Cauli, Roberto Zurru, Monica Deiana. Antioxidant Effect of Natural Table Olives Phenolic Extract Against Oxidative Stress and Membrane Damage in Enterocyte-Like Cells. Journal of Food Science. 2017; 82 (2):380-385.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gabriele Serreli; Alessandra Incani; Angela Atzeri; Alberto Angioni; Marco Campus; Emanuele Cauli; Roberto Zurru; Monica Deiana. 2017. "Antioxidant Effect of Natural Table Olives Phenolic Extract Against Oxidative Stress and Membrane Damage in Enterocyte-Like Cells." Journal of Food Science 82, no. 2: 380-385.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2016 in Food and Chemical Toxicology
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The phenolic fraction of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) concentrates before absorption in the intestinal lumen, where it may contribute to the modulation of enterocytes response to oxidative and inflammatory stimuli. We evaluated the ability of two monovarietal EVOOs phenolic extracts, Bosana and Nera di Gonnos/Tonda di Cagliari, typical and widespread varieties in Sardinia (Italy), to counteract in enterocytes like Caco-2 cells the pro-oxidant action of oxidized lipids, tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBH) or a mixture of oxysterols of dietary origin. We confirmed that TBH treatment causes a significant increase of ROS production, GSH depletion, increase of MDA, fatty acids hydroperoxides and 7-ketocholesterol, and showed first evidence of oxidative imbalance and cell damage due to oxysterols exposure. Preincubation of cells with the phenolic extracts significantly attenuated oxidative modifications. Bosana extract showed the highest concentration of total phenols, mainly hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol, and was the most active in presence of TBH, where the free radical scavenging activity of these simple phenols seems to be a determining factor. The two extracts were equally effective, in spite of the different composition, in presence of oxysterols, where ROS production probably occurs according to different and more complex mechanisms.

ACS Style

Alessandra Incani; Gessica Serra; Angela Atzeri; Maria Paola Melis; Gabriele Serreli; Giovanni Bandino; Piergiorgio Sedda; Marco Campus; Carlo I.G. Tuberoso; Monica Deiana. Extra virgin olive oil phenolic extracts counteract the pro-oxidant effect of dietary oxidized lipids in human intestinal cells. Food and Chemical Toxicology 2016, 90, 171 -180.

AMA Style

Alessandra Incani, Gessica Serra, Angela Atzeri, Maria Paola Melis, Gabriele Serreli, Giovanni Bandino, Piergiorgio Sedda, Marco Campus, Carlo I.G. Tuberoso, Monica Deiana. Extra virgin olive oil phenolic extracts counteract the pro-oxidant effect of dietary oxidized lipids in human intestinal cells. Food and Chemical Toxicology. 2016; 90 ():171-180.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alessandra Incani; Gessica Serra; Angela Atzeri; Maria Paola Melis; Gabriele Serreli; Giovanni Bandino; Piergiorgio Sedda; Marco Campus; Carlo I.G. Tuberoso; Monica Deiana. 2016. "Extra virgin olive oil phenolic extracts counteract the pro-oxidant effect of dietary oxidized lipids in human intestinal cells." Food and Chemical Toxicology 90, no. : 171-180.

Research article
Published: 28 March 2016 in Journal of Chemistry
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Extra virgin olive oils (EVOOs) from the fruits of Italian autochthonous varieties Tonda di Villacidro, Tonda di Cagliari, Semidana, and Bosana were investigated to promote their quality aspects. All the analyzed EVOOs showed low values of acidity (≤0.45%) and of peroxide value (≤6.22 mEq O2/kg). There were no relevant differences in fatty acids and triacylglycerols composition among the four EVOOs. Tocopherols determined by HPLC-FL revealed that Bosana oil was characterized by the highest -tocopherol level (213.3 ± 55.4 mg/kg). Chlorophylls, carotenoids, and total phenol (TP) contents as well as antioxidant activity (FRAP, DPPH∙, and ABTS∙+ assays) of the oils hydrophilic fractions (HFs) were assessed by spectrophotometric methods. Some differences concerning the antioxidant activity and the TP content were observed: Bosana oil HF activity was the most pronounced (1.17 ± 0.37 mmol TEAC/kg) and it contained the highest TPs amount (335.20 ± 121.34 mg/kg). HFs phenolic composition was determined by HPLC-DAD. The main identified phenols were secoiridoids, dominating in Bosana oil, such as decarboxymethyl ligstroside aglycone (p-HPEA-EDA, 35.8 ± 19.9 mg/kg) and oleuropein aglycone (3,4-HPEA-EA up to 84.7 mg/kg). In summary, all the four varieties showed good characteristics for the use as quality EVOO.1. IntroductionExtra virgin olive oil (EVOO) is a worldwide recognised high valuable food product and there are constant efforts to enhance its quality and to preserve it from adulteration. In the last decades, several analyses to identify different olive oil cultivars and to verify the presence of any adulteration have been developed [1, 2]. The quality of olive oil is directly connected with the variety of the olives and there is a strong link between the cultivar and the territory of cultivation [3, 4]. Extra virgin olive oil from Sardinia (Italy) is protected by the European Union “Protected Designation of Origin” (PDO “Sardegna”) and it can be obtained from several autochthonous olives as Tonda di Villacidro, Tonda di Cagliari (also known as Nera di Gonnos), Semidana, and Bosana [5]. More than 20 cultivars were defined so far in Sardinia and wild olive forms are still widely represented [6]. Archaeological evidence proves that olive oil extraction was performed in ancient times, long before different olive cultivars were introduced by Phoenicians, Romans, and Spanish peoples [6]. The PDO “Sardegna” was created mainly to promote the sensory properties, but also to preserve the health benefits of the most typical olive oils of the region. The EVOOs obtained from Tonda di Villacidro, Tonda di Cagliari, Semidana, and Bosana have specific sensory characteristics and a long tradition in Sardinia [6–9]. Good yield and quality were observed in Semidana and Bosana for oil production, while Tonda di Cagliari resulted as interesting dual-purpose cultivars [7]. Some data on the physical-chemical parameters of these monovarietal oils can be found in scientific databases. The Bosana cultivar has been shown to have a high content of phenolic compounds [10]. Nevertheless, data in the main Sardinian EVOO are fragmentary and, to the best of our knowledge, no data on Tonda di Villacidro has been published so far.The aim of this paper is to perform a chemical characterization of Tonda di Villacidro, Tonda di Cagliari, Semidana, and Bosana EVOOs by (1) determination of basic technological characteristics (acidity, peroxide value, K232, and K270) according to EU regulations; (2) the fatty acids (GC-FID/MS) and triacylglycerols profiles (HPLC-DAD); (3) total phenols, chlorophylls, and carotenoids evaluation by UV/vis including targeted tocopherols analysis by HPLC-FL; (4) HPLC-DAD targeted phenolics analysis of the hydrophilic oil fractions (HFs) and assessing of the HFs antioxidant activity (with DPPH∙, ABTS∙+, and FRAP assays).2. Material and Methods2.1. Chemicals and ReagentsAll chemicals and solvents used in this study were of analytical grade. Methanol, -hexane, ethylacetate, acetonitrile, chloroform, gallic acid, sodium carbonate, sodium chloride and potassium hydroxide -tocopherol, -tocopherol, squalene, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox), Folin-Ciocalteu’s reagent, -carotene, and chlorophyll were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Milan, Italy). Primary reference standard (purity > 99.9%) of phenolic compounds, triacylglycerols, and fatty acids methyl esters were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich, Merck, and Carlo Erba (Milan, Italy). Ultrapure water (18 MΩcm) was obtained with a Milli-Q Advantage A10 System apparatus (Millipore, Milan, Italy).2.2. Olive Oil Samples and Hydrophilic Fraction ExtractionExtra virgin olive oils () from Tonda di Villacidro (), Tonda di Cagliari (), Semidana (), and Bosana () cultivar were obtained from olive fruits by local groves in Sardinia (Italy) in the years 2013-2014. Four batches of healthy olive fruits (each ca. 200 kg) were harvested in the same ripening index (RI = 4.3 ± 0.2) [11], processed within 24 h to olive oils, and stored in dark glass bottles at 12 ± 1°C until analysis. Sensory analysis of the samples was performed under the conditions described within the EC Regulation 640/2008 [12] and the samples were analyzed within 3 months from their production. Hydrophilic fractions (HFs) of the oils were prepared as reported by Tuberoso et al. [13].2.3. Determination of Oil Technological ParametersFree acidity (% of oleic acid (%18 : 1)), peroxide value (mEq O2/kg of the oil), and UV absorption characteristics (K232 and K270) were determined according to the European Union Commission Regulations EC 1989/2003 [14]. K232 and K270 were determined using 1% solution of the oil in cyclohexane with an UV-visible spectrophotometer Varian Cary 50 (Varian, Leini, TO, Italy) at 232 and 270 nm in a 10 mm quartz cuvette. All parameters were determined in triplicate for each sample.2.4. Fatty Acids and SqualeneA transmethylation technique followed by GC-FID/MS determination was used [13, 15]. The percentage composition of the oils was calculated from GC peak areas without using correction factors. The quantitative analysis of squalene was performed using the internal standard method (with squalane) and results were expressed as mg squalene/kg of sample.2.5. TriacylglycerolsThe analysis of triacylglycerols (TAG) was performed with an HPLC-UV method [13]. Calibration graphs were constructed with the external standard method by measuring peak area versus concentration ( = 0.9982–0.9997). The concentrations of the compounds were calculated in mg/kg and data were expressed in weight percentages. Standard solutions of LLL, LLO, LLP, OOL, POL, OOO, OOP, PPO, and OOS were prepared in acetone. The use of equivalent carbon number (ECN = , where CN is the number of carbon atoms and is the number of double bonds) allowed the attribution of compounds of which no analytical standards were found. In this way LnLL, LnLno, LnLnLn, LLnLn, OLLn, PLLn, OOLn, POLn, LPP, PSL, and SSLn were identified and the quantification was performed using the calibration curves of the TAG standard with the closest chemical structure and ECN number.2.6. Targeted Phenolic Compounds AnalysisDetection and quantitative analyses of HF phenolic compounds were carried out using a LC-DAD method as described by Šarolić et al. [15]. Calibration curves were constructed with the external standard method, correlating the area of the peaks with the concentration. All compounds were dosed using the calibration curve built with the respective standard, except oleuropein and ligstroside derivatives that were dosed using oleuropein calibration curve. The correlation values were comprised between 0.9993 and 0.9998. Oleuropein and ligstroside derivatives and acetoxypinoresinol were tentatively identified by comparison with literature data [16–18].2.7. Determination of Tocopherols, Total Chlorophylls, and CarotenoidsAn HPLC system connected to a spectrofluorometer detector was used to dose - and -tocopherols [15]. Standard solutions were prepared in acetone, while working solutions were prepared to appropriate dilution with the eluent mobile phase. Linearity in the range 0.1–6 mg/kg was 0.9998. Total chlorophylls and carotenoids were estimated spectrophotometrically reading the absorbances at two different wavelengths (464 nm for carotenoids and 669 nm for chlorophylls) [14]. Chlorophyll a and -carotene stock standard solutions were prepared in acetone, as well as working solutions, which were prepared with proper dilutions (0.1–2.0 mg/kg, , and 0.02–0.50 mg/kg, , for chlorophyll a and -carotene, resp.).2.8. Determination of Total Phenolic Content (Folin-Ciocalteu’s Assay)Total phenolic content of the HF was estimated spectrophotometrically with modified Folin-Ciocalteu’s method [19]. The total polyphenol content results, expressed as mg/kg of gallic acid equivalent (GAE), were obtained using a calibration curve of a freshly prepared gallic acid standard solution (5–100 mg/kg, ).2.9. Free Radical Scavenging Activity (DPPH∙ and ABTS∙+ Assays) and Total Antioxidant Activity (FRAP Assay)The in vitro HF antiradical activity was assessed with the DPPH∙ spectrophotometric method and the obtained data were expressed as Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) [15]. A Trolox calibration curve in the range 0.02–1.00 mM was prepared (), and data were expressed in Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC, mmol/kg). The ABTS assay was performed according to Re et al. [20] with slight modification [19], and data were expressed as TEAC values. The FRAP assay was performed preparing a ferric complex TPTZ and Fe3+ [19–21]. Quantitative analysis was performed according to the external standard method (FeSO4, 0.1–2.0 mmol/kg, ), correlating the absorbance with the concentration, and results were expressed as mmol/kg of Fe2+.3. Results and DiscussionEVOOs quality parameters (free acidity, peroxide value, and UV a

ACS Style

Carlo I. G. Tuberoso; Igor Jerković; Mariateresa Maldini; Gabriele Serreli. Phenolic Compounds, Antioxidant Activity, and Other Characteristics of Extra Virgin Olive Oils from Italian Autochthonous Varieties Tonda di Villacidro , Tonda di Cagliari , Semidana , and Bosana. Journal of Chemistry 2016, 2016, 1 -7.

AMA Style

Carlo I. G. Tuberoso, Igor Jerković, Mariateresa Maldini, Gabriele Serreli. Phenolic Compounds, Antioxidant Activity, and Other Characteristics of Extra Virgin Olive Oils from Italian Autochthonous Varieties Tonda di Villacidro , Tonda di Cagliari , Semidana , and Bosana. Journal of Chemistry. 2016; 2016 ():1-7.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Carlo I. G. Tuberoso; Igor Jerković; Mariateresa Maldini; Gabriele Serreli. 2016. "Phenolic Compounds, Antioxidant Activity, and Other Characteristics of Extra Virgin Olive Oils from Italian Autochthonous Varieties Tonda di Villacidro , Tonda di Cagliari , Semidana , and Bosana." Journal of Chemistry 2016, no. : 1-7.

Journal article
Published: 27 November 2014 in Food Chemistry
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Free amino acids (AA) and biogenic amines (BA) were quantified for the first time in Cannonau and Vermentino wines, the two most popular “Controlled Designation of Origin” wines from Sardinia (Italy). An analytical method for the simultaneous determination of AA and BA was developed, using selective derivatization with dansyl chloride followed by HPLC with fluorescence detection. Thirty-two compounds were identified in the wines analysed. High levels of AA were found, with proline being the most abundant with average levels of 1244 ± 398 and 1008 ± 281 mg/L in Cannonau and Vermentino wines, respectively. BA were detected at average concentrations <10 mg/L, except putrescine which reached 20.5 ± 10.2 mg/L in Cannonau wines. Histamine was never detected in any Vermentino wines. γ-Aminobutyric acid, 4-hydroxyproline, glycine, leucine + isoleucine and putrescine proved to be useful for differentiating Cannonau wines from Vermentino wines.

ACS Style

Carlo Ignazio Giovanni Tuberoso; Francesca Congiu; Gabriele Serreli; Stefano Mameli. Determination of dansylated amino acids and biogenic amines in Cannonau and Vermentino wines by HPLC-FLD. Food Chemistry 2014, 175, 29 -35.

AMA Style

Carlo Ignazio Giovanni Tuberoso, Francesca Congiu, Gabriele Serreli, Stefano Mameli. Determination of dansylated amino acids and biogenic amines in Cannonau and Vermentino wines by HPLC-FLD. Food Chemistry. 2014; 175 ():29-35.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Carlo Ignazio Giovanni Tuberoso; Francesca Congiu; Gabriele Serreli; Stefano Mameli. 2014. "Determination of dansylated amino acids and biogenic amines in Cannonau and Vermentino wines by HPLC-FLD." Food Chemistry 175, no. : 29-35.