Introduction. Coronavirus infection is an acute viral disease with a primary lesion of the upper respiratory tract, caused by an RNA-virus of the Betacoronavirus genus of the Coronaviridae family. The course of a viral infection varies from asymptomatic to a wide range of clinical manifestations, including fever, chills, gastrointestinal manifestations, pneumonia, respiratory distress, and death. Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) are chronic immune-mediated diseases with intestinal and systemic symptoms, which are based on an impairment of the intestinal microbiota and dysregulation of the immune system in genetically predisposed individuals. In the Kazakh population, risk factors also include irregular food intake (p=0.043; OR=3.61 [95% CI: 1.04–12.51]), consumption of fish and seafood (p=0.000; OR= 15.77 [95% CI: 4.56-54.59]), consumption of frozen processed foods (p = 0.018; OR = 4.62 [95% CI: 1.3-16.4]), diet based on meat dishes (p=0.029; OR=3.2 [95% CI: 1.13-9.2]), use of NSAIDs other than aspirin (p=0.031; OR=3.79 [1.13-12.69 ]) and smoking (p=0.008; OR=4.93 [95% CI: 1.52-15.98]). The suppression of the immune response is associated with the risk of infection with viral or bacterial pathogens, including potentially the SARS-CoV-2 virus. On the other hand, SARS-CoV-2 infection as a potential trigger factor for de novo occurrence of inflammatory bowel disease is currently being discussed. The aim of this study was to assess the characteristics of the course of COVID-19 during the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), risk factors and outcomes of COVID-19, as well as the activity of IBD before and after a coronavirus infection. Materials and methods. A longitudinal descriptive study included 158 patients with IBD who applied on an outpatient basis (including via remote consultation) or inpatient with SARS-Cov2 or COVID-19 infection in the academic centers of Almaty (Kazakhstan) n=54 and St. Petersburg (Russia), n= 104. The observation period was from May 2020 to May 2022. The median and interquartile range were used to describe quantitative data (age), and absolute frequencies and percentages were used for qualitative data. The Mann-Whitney U-test was used for intergroup comparison of quantitative data (age), for the remaining indicators, the likelihood ratio test (Likehood ratio test), and in the case of 2X2 tables, Fisher's exact test. Results. There was no association between IBD type/activity or drugs taken and the severity of COVID-19. However, the severity of COVID-19 affected the activity of IBD. We`ve identified the same risk factors for the development of a more severe course of COVID-19 were as in the world literature: cardiovascular pathology, arterial hypertension and chronic liver pathology. Conclusion. Thus, inflammatory bowel disease and current therapy do not affect the risk of SARS-Cov-2 infection and/or the severity of COVID-19, while infection associated with severe COVID-19 affects the activity or outcomes of IBD. Актуальность.Коронавирусная инфекция – острое вирусное заболевание с преимущественным поражением верхних дыхательных путей, вызываемое РНК-геномным вирусом рода Betacoronavirus семейства Coronaviridae. Заражение вирусом варьируется от бессимптомного до широкого спектра клинических проявлений, включая лихорадку, озноб, желудочно-кишечные проявления, пневмонию, респираторный дистресс и смерть. Язвенный колит (ЯК) и болезнь Крона (БК) – хронические иммуноопосредованные заболевания с кишечной и системной симптоматикой, в основе которых лежат нарушение микробиоты кишечника и дисрегуляция иммунной системы у генетически-предрасположенных лиц. У лиц казахской популяции к факторам риска также можно отнести нерегулярный прием пищи (р=0,043; ОШ=3,61 [95% ДИ: 1,04-12,51]), потребление рыбы и морских продуктов (р=0,000; ОШ=15,77 [95% ДИ: 4,56-54,59]), потребление замороженных полуфабрикатов (р=0,018; ОШ=4,62 [95% ДИ: 1,3-16,4]), питание, основанное на мясных блюдах (р=0,029; ОШ=3,2 [95%ДИ: 1,13-9,2]), применение НПВС, кроме аспирина (р=0,031; ОШ=3,79 [1,13-12,69]) и курение (р=0,008; ОШ=4,93 [95% ДИ: 1,52-15,98]) [25] Подавление иммунного ответа ассоциировано с риском инфицирования вирусными или бактериальными патогенами, в том числе, потенциально вирусом SARS-CoV-2. С другой стороны, в настоящее время обсуждается SARS-Cov2 в качестве триггера de-novo ВЗК случаев [22]. Цель проведенного исследования: оценить особенности течения COVID-19 на фоне терапии воспалительных заболеваний кишечника, факторы риска и исходы COVID-19, а также активность ВЗК до и после перенесенной КВИ. Материалы и методы.Продольное описательное исследование включало 158 пациентов с ВЗК, обратившихся амбулаторно (в том числе посредством...

Background/Objectives: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are an increasingly important global health problem, yet Central Asia remains underrepresented in international IBD data. To evaluate the clinical and demographic characteristics of patients included in the national multicenter clinical IBD registry of the Republic of Kazakhstan (IBD Registry) according to disease activity at registry enrollment visit and to identify factors associated with active IBD at that time. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of the registry enrollment visit data from the national multicenter clinical IBD registry of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The study included patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD) registered between 2021 and 2024. Disease activity at the registry enrollment visit was assessed using the full Mayo score for UC and the Harvey–Bradshaw index for CD. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with active disease. Results: The analysis included 1521 patients with IBD, 68.4% with ulcerative colitis and 31.6% with Crohn’s disease. At the registry enrollment visit, 77.5% of patients had clinically active disease. In UC, active disease was independently associated with rural residence (aOR 2.11; 95% CI 1.25–3.56), ≥2 exacerbations per year (aOR 3.47; 95% CI 2.18–5.51), current corticosteroid therapy (aOR 5.96; 95% CI 3.04–11.69), and immunosuppressive therapy (aOR 2.71; 95% CI 1.15–6.38), whereas rare exacerbations were associated with lower odds of activity (aOR 0.41; 95% CI 0.23–0.73). In CD, active disease was independently associated with ≥2 exacerbations per year (aOR 2.41; 95% CI 1.47–3.95), colonic (L2) location (aOR 2.32; 95% CI 1.25–4.30), ileocolonic (L3) location (aOR 2.24; 95% CI 1.25–4.04), extraintestinal manifestations (aOR 2.88; 95% CI 1.68–4.93), and current corticosteroid therapy (aOR 1.77; 95% CI 1.03–3.05), whereas immunosuppressive therapy was associated with lower odds of active disease (aOR 0.46; 95% CI 0.24–0.89). Biologic therapy was not independently associated with disease activity in either UC or CD. Conclusions: A high proportion of patients treated at participating secondary and tertiary centers had clinically active IBD at registry enrollment. The profiles of factors associated with activity differed between UC and CD, while frequent exacerbations were consistently associated with active disease in both conditions. These findings should be interpreted as cross-sectional associations rather than causal or prognostic relationships, particularly for treatment-related factors.

Атрофический гастрит — это хроническое заболевание желудка, характеризующееся прогрессирующей атрофией слизистой оболочки, что значительно увеличивает вероятность развития рака. Это исследование посвящено анализу современных знаний и методов диагностики, мониторинга и лечения атрофического гастрита, а также оценке их применимости в условиях Республики Казахстан с целью разработки актуализированных рекомендаций для клинической практики. В рамках исследования был проведен всесторонний анализ существующих доказательств, представленных в научной литературе, с учётом мнений экспертов в области гастроэнтерологии. Для разработки рекомендаций Best Practice Advice использовался системный подход, который включал обзор актуальных литературных источников с применением научных баз данных PubMed, Scopus и Web of Science. Второй этап работы заключался в проведении Экспертного совета, в ходе которого были обсуждены ключевые аспекты диагностики и терапии атрофического гастрита, а также специфические особенности его течения в Казахстане. Полученные данные позволили сформулировать обновленные рекомендации Best Practice Advice, которые будут полезны для практикующих врачей в улучшении диагностики и лечения этого заболевания, а также для формирования стратегий профилактики и своевременного вмешательства в клинической практике, что способствует снижению рисков возникновения рака желудка и улучшению качества жизни пациентов. Атрофиялық гастрит – бұл қатерлі ісік ауруының даму мүмкіндігін арттыратын шырышты қабықтың прогрессивті атрофиясы болатын созылмалы асқазан ауруы. Бұл зерттеу атрофиялық гастритті диагностикалаудың, мониторингілеудің және емдеудің заманауи білімдері мен әдістерін талдауға, сондай-ақ клиникалық практика үшін өзекті ұсынымдарды әзірлеу мақсатында олардың Қазақстан Республикасы жағдайында қолданылуын бағалауға арналған. Зерттеу аясында гастроэнтерология саласындағы сарапшылардың пікірлерін ескере отырып, ғылыми әдебиеттерде ұсынылған дәлелдерге жан-жақты талдау жүргізілді. Best Practice Advice ұсыныстарын әзірлеу үшін PubMed, Scopus және Web of Science ғылыми дерекқорларын қолдана отырып, өзекті әдеби дереккөздерге шолуды қамтитын жүйелік тәсіл қолданылды. Жұмыстың екінші кезеңі Сараптамалық кеңесті өткізуден тұрды, оның барысында атрофиялық гастритті диагностикалау мен емдеудің негізгі аспектілері, сондай-ақ оның Қазақстандағы ағымының өзіндік ерекшеліктері талқыланды. Алынған мәліметтер Best Practice Advice жаңартылған ұсыныстарын тұжырымдауға мүмкіндік берді, олар практикалық дәрігерлерге аурудың диагностикасы мен емдеу әдісін жақсартуға, сондай-ақ асқазан қатерлі ісігінің қаупін азайтуға және пациенттердің өмір сүру сапасын жақсартуға ықпал ететін клиникалық тәжірибеге аурудың алдын алу және уақытылы араласу стратегияларын қалыптастыруға септігін тигізеді. Atrophic gastritis is a chronic gastric condition characterized by progressive mucosal atrophy, significantly increasing the risk of gastric cancer development. This study focuses on analyzing current knowledge, diagnostic methods, monitoring strategies, and treatment approaches for atrophic gastritis, with an evaluation of their applicability in the Republic of Kazakhstan to develop updated clinical practice recommendations. A comprehensive analysis of existing evidence presented in the scientific literature was conducted, incorporating expert opinions from the field of gastroenterology. A systematic approach was employed to develop Best Practice Advice recommendations, including a review of relevant literature using scientific databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. The second phase of the study involved an Expert Council, which...