In this study, the physicochemical properties, antioxidant capacity, sensory properties, and phenolic and mineral profiles of instant rosehip teas prepared using spray-drying (SD) and freeze-drying (FD) were compared. The yield of instant tea produced using FD and SD was 23.75 and 21.25 g/100 g,...

The method validation technique for determining the ethanol percentage (v/v) in beer and non-alcoholic beer is presented in this study. The underlying idea is to use the micro water vapor method to distill the ethanol from beer and then use the spectrophotometric method, which uses the oxidation of sodium dichromate to measure the amount of ethanol. The Harmonized Guidelines for Single-Laboratory Validation of Methods of Analysis were used to validate the analytical method that we provided. The following aspects of the method were assessed: precision, recovery, linearity, measuring range, detection and quantification limitations, method detection limit, and measurement uncertainty. The following were the limits of detection (LOD) and quantification values (LOQ), and the method detection limit (MDL): ethanol, 0.04%, 0.05%, and 0.15. For both repeatability and within-laboratory reproducibility, the relative standard deviation values were less than 2.36 and 4.12%, respectively. The spiked samples had recovery rates ranging from 97% to 102%. These findings fulfilled the minimal performance standards set forth in AOAC Official Methods of Analysis Appendix F: Guidelines for Standard Method Performance Requirements. As a result, the process can be used for the regular analysis of ethanol in the beer and non-alcoholic beer under study.

Bu çalışmada, mikrodalga kurutma öncesi zeytin pirinasına uygulanan ultrases ön işleminin kurutulmuş pirinanın fizikokimyasal kompozisyonu (nem, su aktivitesi ve renk), toz ürün özellikleri üzerine biyoaktif bileşenleri (toplam flavonoid, fenolik madde içeriği), antioksidan aktivitesi ve mineral madde içeriği özelliklerine etkisinin araştırılması hedeflenmiştir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, pirina örneklerine 10 dakika ultrases ön işlemi uygulanmış ve örnekler 460W güçte 8 dakika süre ile mikrodalga fırında kurutulmuştur. Kurutma sonrası örneklerin nem içerikleri %5 (yaş bazda)’in altına düşmüştür. Ultrases ön işleminin kurutulmuş pirinanın b*, kroma ve esmerleşme indeksi değerlerini azalttığı gözlenmiştir. Toz formdaki kurutulmuş pirina örneklerinin iyi akabilirlik ve düşük yapışkanlık özelliğinde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ultrases ön işleminin pirinaların flavonoid ve fenolik madde miktarı ve antioksidan aktivite özelliklerini azalttığı tespit edilmiştir. Ultrases ön işleminin örneklerin demir, nikel, alüminyum, mangan, kurşun ve potasyum içeriklerinde artış meydana getirdiği sonucuna varılmıştır.

This study aimed to optimize the spray-drying (SD) process for aquafaba and compare the physical and techno-functional properties of the resulting powder with those of its freeze-dried (FD) counterpart. A Box–Behnken design was employed to evaluate the effects of inlet air temperature (150–190 °C), air speed (3.5–4.3 m/s), and feed flow rate (0.3–0.5 L/h) on 14 quality responses. The optimized SD conditions were determined to be an inlet air temperature of 189 °C, an air speed of 4.2 m/s, and a feed flow rate of 0.3 L/h. Validation experiments demonstrated that the developed models had high predictive capacity, with only a small discrepancy (0.56–5.88%) between the predicted and experimental values. Comparative analysis showed that the optimized SD powder had significantly lower moisture content (2.47%) and water activity (0.18) than the FD powder (3.51% and 0.34, respectively), indicating superior storage stability. In addition, the SD powder exhibited greater whiteness (82.37), higher water solubility (88.44%), and substantially greater foaming capacity (266.67%) than the FD sample (243.33%). Although the FD powder demonstrated better wettability and water absorption capacity because of its porous structure, FTIR spectroscopy and protein secondary structure analysis confirmed that SD preserved the functional integrity of aquafaba. Specifically, SD induced a transition from disordered random-coil structures to more ordered β-sheet and β-turn configurations, thereby improving foaming performance. Overall, these findings indicate that optimized spray-drying is a highly efficient and industrially scalable alternative to freeze-drying for producing functional aquafaba powder for use as a plant-based egg substitute.