This paper proposes a novel two-phase drive adiabatic dynamic CMOS logic circuit (2PADCL). The proposed 2PADCL uses two complementary sinusoidal power supply clocks and resembles behavior of static CMOS. As a result, the delay time of the 2PADCL is shorter than that of the conventional ADCL circuit in the second and subsequent stages. The structure of 2PADCL can be also directly derived from static CMOS logic circuits. From the simulation results, we show that the energy consumption of the 2PADCL circuit is lower than those of other diode based adiabatic logic circuits

Calcium deposits of the shoulder may persist for many years with resulting pain and impairment of mechanical function. The effects of different treatments vary significantly and do not show consistent and reliable long-term results. Cimetidine decreases calcium levels and improves symptoms in patients with hyperparathyroidism. We evaluated cimetidine as a treatment for chronic calcifying tendinitis of the shoulder in patients who did not respond to conservative treatment. Cimetidine, 200 mg twice daily, was given orally for 3 months in 16 patients who did not respond to more than 6 months of conservative treatment. We recorded subjective, functional, and radiologic findings at 1 day before, at 2 weeks after, and at 2 and 3 months after the start of cimetidine. We also performed a follow-up study (4 to 24 months). After treatment, peak pain score (visual analogue scale: 0 - 100) decreased significantly from 63 +/- 13 to 14 +/- 19 (mean +/- SD, P <.01) and 10 patients (63%) became pain free. Physical impairment was also significantly improved. Calcium deposits disappeared in 9 patients (56%), decreased in 4 patients (25%), and did not change in 3 patients (19%). Follow-up data showed that improvement of symptoms was sustained. No recurrence or enlargement of calcium deposits was observed. Plasma concentrations of calcium and parathyroid hormone did not change significantly. Our results indicate that cimetidine is effective in treating chronic calcifying tendinitis of the shoulder; however, the mechanism by which cimetidine improves the symptoms is unknown.

Seung-Il Cho;, Takumi Negishi, Minami Tsuchiya, Muneki Yasuda and Michio Yokoyama. IJFIS 2018;18:229-36. https://doi.org/

Background and Objectives: Physical function is influenced by light irradiation, and interest in the influence of light irradiation on health is high. Light signals are transmitted from the retina to the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) via the retinal hypothalamic tract as non-image vision. Additionally, the SCN projects a nerve to the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) which acts as a stress center. This study examined the influences of three different light sources on neural activity in the PVN region using two different color temperatures. Materials and Methods: Experiments were conducted using twenty-eight Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice (10 week old males). Three light sources were used: (1) organic light-emitting diode (OLED) lighting, (2) LED lighting, and (3) fluorescent lighting. We examined the effects of light irradiation from the three light sources using two different color temperatures (2800 K and 4000 K). Perfusion was done 60 min after light irradiation, and then the brain was removed from the mouse for an immunohistochemistry analysis. c-Fos was immunohistochemically visualized as a marker of neural activity in the PVN region. Results: The number of c-Fos-positive cells was found to be significantly lower under OLED lighting and LED lighting conditions than under fluorescent lighting at a color temperature of 2800 K, and significantly lower under OLED lighting than LED lighting conditions at a color temperature of 4000 K. Conclusions: This study reveals that different light sources and color temperatures alter the neural activity of the PVN region. These results suggest that differences in the light source or color temperature may affect the stress response.

Minami Tsuchiya, Seung-Il Cho, Atsushi Tanaka, Muneki Yasuda, Tomochika Harada, and Michio Yokoyama. IJFIS 2020;20:87-95. https://doi.org/10.5391/IJFIS.2020.20.2.87