The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of automated supernumerary tooth (ST) detection systems on periapical radiographs using Faster R-CNN and YOLOv8 with detection by 8 dental residents. This was a diagnostic accuracy study of 469 periapical radiographs (419 training vs. 50 test datasets). The primary predictor variables were detectors (dental residents/Faster R-CNN/YOLOv8). The main outcome variables included the diagnostic performance of the model's using precision, recall and intersection over union (IoU). Appropriate statistics were calculated. In the test dataset, the precision of Faster R-CNN and YOLOv8 was 0.95 and 0.99, and their average precision was 0.90 and 0.97, respectively. A significant difference was observed between the two models in these metrics, with YOLOv8 outperforming Faster R-CNN in both precision and average precision (P<0.05). Both AI systems outperformed human subjects. Based on our findings, both YOLOv8 and Faster R-CNN are highly effective in the automated detection of ST in periapical radiographs and could, for example, assist humans in resource-limited situations.

Objective: This study aims to assess the effectiveness of pulpotomy in treating permanent anterior teeth with complicated crown fractures in children. Additionally, it seeks to analyze the long‐term outcomes to inform clinical practices for dental trauma across a wider age spectrum. Methods: A total of 126 permanent incisors in 107 patients, aged 7–15 years, diagnosed with complicated crown fractures, were treated with pulpotomy using iRoot BP Plus as the pulp capping agent. The treated teeth underwent clinical assessments at 6–8 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year post‐treatment, followed by routine oral examinations. Outcomes were determined based on clinical and radiographic criteria assessed by calibrated examiners. Clinical examinations included assessment of root apex formation, mobility, crown color, pulp vitality test, and the presence of abscesses and fistulas. Radiographic examinations included evaluation of periodontal ligament continuity, periapical translucency, dentin bridge formation, and calcification of the pulp chamber and root canal. Results: With an average follow‐up of 14.1 ± 12.6 months, success rates of 95.2% at 6 months and 90.9% at 12 months were observed. The estimated 2‐year survival rate was 94.7% ± 2.7%. Success was independent of factors like gender, root maturation, pulpotomy type, pulp exposure time, and tooth mobility. Seven failures were noted, primarily due to periapical periodontitis. One case of pulp canal obliteration was observed. Conclusion: Pulpotomy using iRoot BP Plus shows a high success rate in children with nondisplaced complicated crown fractures in permanent teeth. The prognosis is unaffected by root apex formation or tooth mobility.

Although the emergency management of third-molar pericoronitis often requires short-term follow-up, the frequency of return visits per patient is rarely re

Repeatable acquisition of smiling and rest-related facial states is essential for longitudinal three-dimensional (3D) facial imaging, yet the effect of task instructions may depend on the state and measurement. This within-participant study compared conventional (CONV) and state-specific phoneme-guided (PHON) acquisition in 162 adults. For SMILE, CONV elicited a posed smile, whereas PHON used /tʃ/ articulation followed by maintenance of the resulting perioral configuration; for the REST-related condition, CONV elicited relaxed rest, whereas PHON used sustained /m/ to define a closed-lip reference configuration rather than unconstrained physiological rest. Each protocol–state condition was recorded twice. Within-session repeatability was characterized by absolute error between repeated acquisitions, technical error of measurement, intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC(2,1)], and Bland–Altman agreement. State-specific protocol differences were assessed using paired Wilcoxon signed-rank tests with Holm correction. During SMILE, PHON reduced median error for the 3D Sn–Gn distance (3.79 vs. 2.36 mm), interlabial distance (3.48 vs. 1.84 mm), and sagittal lip step (1.33 vs. 0.66 mm; adjusted p < 0.001), but increased commissure-distance error (1.50 vs. 1.89 mm; adjusted p = 0.007). During the REST-related condition, no prespecified linear outcome differed after correction. Phoneme guidance changed, rather than uniformly improved, repeatability, and its effect depended on facial state and outcome.