The Internet of Things (IoT) has a wide range of applications that influence the life of people expeditiously. In recent years, IoT becomes an emerging technology in a number of fields. Different devices with divergent functionality are applied in IoT to work in several domains. These domains include smart home, smart farming, and Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). Among these territories, the IIoT obtains more attention. In an IIoT environment, a legitimate user can control and access devices remotely. Legitimate users can access real-time data and share confidential information. The information is transmitted via public communication channel, which can be vulnerable to security attacks. In this article, we present a provably secure multifactor authenticated key agreement scheme to offer security regarding transmission of data in IIoT environment. This scheme will support the legitimate user to remotely access the sensing devices. Our presented scheme uses only symmetric cryptographic, bitwise XOR operation, and hash function to be resource-constrained. Our scheme is found to be resource efficient through communication and computation analysis. The performance analysis illustrates that the cost of computation and communication of our scheme is comparatively low as compared to other relevant schemes. The formal and informal security analysis proved that our scheme is secure and efficient as it can withstand several known adversarial attacks. We have used some cryptographic operations like XOR and hashing to provide security and privacy to legitimate entities.

The emergence of contemporary technologies like cloud computing and the Internet of Things (IoT) has revolutionized the trends in the cyber world to serve humanity. There are plenty of applications in which they are being used, especially in smart cities and their constituents, Maritime Transportation System (MTS) is one of them. The IoT-enabled MTS has the potential to entertain the growing challenges of modern-day ship transportation. Secure real-time data access from numerous smart IoT devices is the most critical and crucial exercise for Big Data acquisition in IoT-enabled MTS. Therefore, we have developed a Physically Unclonable Function (PUF) based authenticated key agreement solution to deal with this challenge. This solution enables the mobile user and IoT node to mutually authenticate each other via Cloud-Gateway before real-time data exchange and transmission in IoT-enabled MTS. The use of PUF in our solution brings invincibility against physical security threats. An inclusive security analysis under the assumption of the specified threat model is carried out to substantiate the security resilience of our solution. The conduct of our solution is realized through security features, communication, and computation cost and It has been observed that our solution achieves efficiency of 37.3% and 9.7% in communication and computation overhead, respectively. Moreover, the network performance effectiveness of our solution is demonstrated in NS3 implementation.

The idea of a smart city and the utilization of vehicles are emerging rapidly. For inter-vehicular communication, this progression builds Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network (VANET) an extensively used network. The VANET is used to obtain information regarding the road's condition, location of vehicles, speed, and traffic congestion description. The exchange of information in VANET is public which leads to severe security threats. Generally, one of the most crucial tasks in VANET is the security of data. So it becomes one of the urgent tasks of researchers. We have reviewed several authentication schemes for VANETs. Still, most schemes are not secure due to several attacks such as replay, denial of services, impersonation attacks, etc. Furthermore, the existing schemes used higher communication and computational costs, and they are also incompatible with VANET applications that are resource-constrained. This article presents the lightweight and secure multi-factor authenticated key agreement scheme for VANETs to ensure efficient and secure transmission of data via an open channel. Our presented scheme is secure, scalable, and lightweight compared to existing schemes due to its low computation and communication cost. The formal and informal security analysis proved that our scheme is more reliable, practical, and secure against several unknown adversarial attacks in VANETs.

Business owners and managers need strategic information to plan and execute their decisions regarding business operations. They work in a cyclic plan of execution and evaluation. In order to run this cycle smoothly, they need a mechanism that should access the entire business performance. The sole purpose of this study is to assist them through applied research framework-based analysis to obtain effective results. The backbone of the purposed framework is a hybrid mechanism that comprises business intelligence (BI) and machine learning (ML) to support 360-degree organization-wide analysis. BI modeling gives descriptive and diagnostic analysis via interactive reports with quick ad hoc analysis which can be performed by executives and managers. ML modeling predicts the performance and highlights the potential customers, products, and time intervals. The whole mechanism is resource-efficient and automated once it binds with the operational data pipeline and presented results in a highly efficient manner. Data analysis is far more efficient when it is applied to the right data at the right time and presents the insights to the right stakeholders in a friendly, usable environment. The results are beneficial to viewing the past, current, and future performance with self-explanatory graphical interpretation. In the proposed system, a clear performance view is possible by utilizing the sales transaction data. By exploring the hidden patterns of sales facts, the impact of the business dimensions is evaluated and presented on a dynamically filtered dashboard.

With the advent of recent technology, smart systems are replacing traditional systems. Wireless sensors and RFID are important components of Smart systems and have many applications such as Smart Sewerage, Smart Transportation, Smart Grid, Smart Agriculture, Smart Health and Smart Homes. Busy airports in the world have to manage a large number of flights per hour. Even, within a minute many flights land and takeoff. So, Airport Apron Management System must be efficient and error free. In this paper, we have presented the Smart Airport Apron Management System for managing flights landing, parking and takeoff. The system supports operations like finding free parking space, total allocated or free slots, flights handling and information display using lights. We have modeled the heterogeneous sensors of the system and their interaction with the system using Internet of Things (IoT). All the operations statically and dynamically are modeled in Vienna Development Method Language (VDM-SL) to provide proof of correctness of the proposed system. VDM-SL is a specification language which models a system by mathematical notations using discrete mathematics concepts.