In the article we considered the problem of treating groundwater and surface water for drinking purposes.The efficiency of whole system work depends on filtration installations in the technological schemes of drinking water preparation. A floating granular filling with expanded polystyrene was first proposed at the Department of Water Supply and Drilling (National University of Water Management and Natural Resources).In article we showed the structure of polystyrene filters and principle of their work. The authors suggested technological schemes clarifying and discoloration of the surface water in single-stage and two-stage reagent schemes and contact groundwater iron removal with polystyrene foam filters. Described principles of work, parameters and conditions of use the technological schemes. We proposed scheme with hydraulic automatic device with switching modes.Showed implementation experience developed technological schemes of polystyrene foam filters in the water preparation for drinking purposes and assessed the economic efficiency of proposed solutions.

Different types of filters are used to remove iron from underground water, one of them is foam polystyrene. Depending on the chemical water composition, tasks for water supply and other working conditions of iron-removing filters, it is necessary to define an exact grain size, specific granulometric composition, the thickness of the layer and the adequate rate of filtration. This kind of problems is multifactorial and its solution is based on the mathematical modelling.As a rule, two parallel processes considered during iron removal of underground water in filters: efficiency of water treatment and growth of head losses. Therefore, the model of water iron removal based on two main blocks, clarifying block takes into account the material balance and kinetics of the process; hydrodynamic block describes the dynamics of head loss in the granular loading. The kinetics of the detention of iron compounds in granular loading consists of two mutually opposite processes. With an increase of the amount of adsorption-catalytic precipitate, the rate of sorption of iron compounds and oxidation of ferric iron increases and the efficiency of iron-removing increases. On the other hand, with decreasing porosity of loading the true velocity of the fluid increases, that reduces the intensity of adhesion of iron compounds.Developed mathematical model allows for determining optimal values of structural and technological parameters of iron-removing filters taking into consideration the specific filtering conditions.

Contents IJPAM: Volume 109, No. 4 (2016)

The article discusses the use of concentrated coagulant aluminum sulfate solution to increase the efficiency of upflow clarifiers for drinking water preparation. The water treatment using coagulants from roughly dispersed and colloidal contaminants is one of the most common methods. However, the reagent consumption is quite significant under adverse coagulation conditions (insufficient alkalinity, high chromaticity, and low water temperature), therefore this method requires improvement. It was established that the considered method for the increasing efficiency of upflow clarifiers of water supply systems at drinking water preparation by using the concentrated solution of aluminum sulfate coagulant can reduce the reagent consumption by an average of 15-20%, to improve the water treatment quality and to increase the treatment setups productivity. Therefore, the actual tasks are to study the features of the coagulation process and the influence of various factors for the natural water treatment quality and the scientific improvement and technological regime choice elaboration for water treatment in upflow clarifiers with the concentrated coagulant solution using.