In this study, we created multifunctional bone tissue engineering scaffolds that combine prophylactic antifungal action with structural support. We produced PVA/CS/HA/BA nanofiber matrices via a specifically designed electrospinning technique to stop early cross-linking. Through SEM, our examination of fiber shape revealed diameters ranging from 178 ± 53 nm to 330 ± 69 nm. We discovered that this variation was closely correlated with the Boric Acid (BA) level. Our EDS and FTIR studies further showed that HA and BA were effectively mixed, with a specific focus on the production of borate-ester linkages inside the network. Mechanical examination revealed that 0.25 wt.% BA maximizes the tensile strength at 9.15 MPa, thereby closely matching HA-reinforced standards, while HA incorporation improved thermal stability. Moreover, in vitro hFOB experiments showed sustained cytocompatibility at 0.25 wt.% BA. While 0.5 wt.% BA showed strong antifungal action against Candida albicans, it sadly harmed cell viability. The 0.25 wt.% BA concentration ultimately offers a better balance between mechanical integrity and antibacterial action, therefore presenting a potential method for scaffold generation for bone regeneration in immunocompromised patients.

Corneal ulcer, which is brought on by a breach in the epithelial barrier, is a dangerous infection of the avascular corneal stroma. New treatment strategies are needed, suppressing the aggressive nature of the disease and including a combination of different drugs. In this study, vancomycin (VAN) and fluconazole (FLU) dual‐drug loaded dual‐layered polyvinyl alcohol and gelatin (PVA/GEL) nanofibrous patches are produced by electrospinning. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images show smooth surfaces are obtained for both pure and drug‐loaded nanofibrous patches. The tensile test results report that loading the FLU and VAN separately into the PVA/GEL patches decrease both the tensile strength and elongation at break and it is further reduced when combining two drug‐loaded layers in one patch. According to drug release results, the FLU and VAN‐loaded nanofibrous patches show a controlled release profile extending up to 96 h. Moreover, PVA/GEL/FLU, PVA/GEL/VAN, and PVA/GEL/FLU/VAN nanofibrous patches display significant antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus. SEM, 4'‐6diamidynofenyloindol (DAPI) staining, and 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay show that PVA/FLU and PVA/GEL/FLU/VAN nanofibrous patches have a superior effect on NIH3T3 cell spreading and proliferation. The novelty of this study lays in the development of a potential dual drug rapid treatment for corneal ulcers of aggressive nature.

İyi antimikrobiyal performansa ve cilt yenileme kabiliyetine sahip nanofiber polimer yapı iskelelerine dayalı yara örtüleri, yara enfeksiyonunu önlemek ve yara iyileşmesini hızlandırmak için umut verici seçeneklerdir. Bu çalışmada, yara örtüsü uygulamaları için Gentamisin (GEN) yüklü polivinil alkol ve jelatin (PVA/JEL) nanofiberleri elektroeğirme yöntemi ile başarıyla üretilmiştir. Üretilen nanofiberlerin mekanik mukavemetini arttırmak ve hızlı bozulmalarını önlemek için glutaraldehit (GA) buharı ile çapraz bağlama yapılmıştır. Nanofiberlerin taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM) görüntüleri incelendiğinde, boncuksuz düzgün bir yapıya sahip oldukları ve yüzeyde ilaç kristalleri ve kümeleri görülmediği gözlemlendi. Ayrıca PVA/JEL, PVA/JEL/0.25GEN ve PVA/JEL/0.5GEN nanofiberlerinin ortalama çapları sırasıyla 278±40 nm, 373± 68 nm ve 493± 105 nm olarak ölçüldü. Nanofiber içerisindeki ilaç miktarındaki artış fiber çaplarında az bir artışa neden olsa da fiber morfolojilerini olumsuz etkilememiştir. Fourier-dönüşümlü kızılötesi spektroskopisi (FTIR) ile PVA, JEL ve GEN arasındaki etkileşim kanıtlanmıştır. Çekme testine göre, PVA/JEL nanofiberi, 6.31 ± 0.23 MPa' lık bir gerilme mukavemetine sahiptir. Ağırlıkça %0.25 ve %0.5 GEN, bu PVA/JEL nanofiberlerine ayrı ayrı yüklendiğinde, gerilme mukavemetleri sırasıyla 4.30 ± 0.58 ve 3.95 ± 0.24 MPa idi. GEN miktarı arttıkça mekanik mukavemetinin saf nanofibere göre zayıfladığı gözlemlenmiştir. Antimikrobiyal aktivite sonuçlarına bakıldığında, PVA/JEL/0.25GEN nanofiberinde herhangi bir antibakteriyel etki görülmezken PVA/JEL/0.5GEN nanofiberinde antibakteriyel etki görülmüştür. Antibakteriyel etki görülen PVA/JEL/0.5GEN nanofiberinde ilaç salım çalışmaları gerçekleştirilmiştir. İlaç salım sonuçlarına göre, GEN' in nanofiberden 264 saate kadar uzayan bir salım profili sergilediği gözlemlenmiştir. Tüm sonuçlar değerlendirildiğinde, GEN içeren nanofiberler, doku mühendisliği ve yara örtüsü uygulamalarında umut verici bir potansiyele sahip olabilir.

Spirulina platensis, well-known for its abundant nutrients and sustainability, shows potential as a microcarrier for various biotechnological uses. However, its natural degradability presents a challenge. Polylactic Acid (PLA) offers a solution due to its biodegradability and compatibility. By using the electrohydrodynamic atomization technique (electrospraying), precise control over microparticle characteristics like size, shape, and composition is achieved by adjusting parameters such as voltage, flow rate, and solution properties. In this research, microparticles made from Spirulina extract and PLA were created through electrospraying to act as microcarriers. Different formulations were tested, including 3% PLA and blends of Spirulina extract and PLA at concentrations of 0.125%, 0.25%, and 0.5% using chloroform and ethanol in the ratio of 19:1. Through various tests (MTT assay and colony formation test) the biocompatibility of producing microparticles was assessed using HUVEC and HaCaT cell lines, indicating these microparticles' potential for diverse applications as microcarrier systems.