Solar Photovoltaic (PV) systems have been in use predominantly since the last decade. Inverter fed PV grid topologies are being used prominently to meet power requirements and to insert renewable forms of energy into power grids. At present, coping with growing electricity demands is a major challenge. This paper presents a detailed review of topological advancements in PV-Grid Tied Inverters along with the advantages, disadvantages and main features of each. The different types of inverters used in the literature in this context are presented. Reactive power is one of the ancillary services provided by PV. It is recommended that reactive power from the inverter to grid be injected for reactive power compensation in localized networks. This practice is being implemented in many countries, and researchers have been trying to find an optimal way of injecting reactive power into grids considering grid codes and requirements. Keeping in mind the importance of grid codes and standards, a review of grid integration, the popular configurations available in literature, Synchronization methods and standards is presented, citing the key features of each kind. For successful integration with a grid, coordination between the support devices used for reactive power compensation and their optimal reactive power capacity is important for stability in grid power. Hence, the most important and recommended intelligent algorithms for the optimization and proper coordination are peer reviewed and presented. Thus, an overview of Solar PV energy-fed inverters connected to the grid is presented in this paper, which can serve as a guide for researchers and policymakers.

A Novel Multiport Bidirectional Dual Active Bridge Dc-dc Converter for Renewable Power Generation Systems

This paper deals with simulation analysis of Selective Harmonic Elimination (SHE) for PV operated Quasi Impedance Source Inverter (q-ZSI) drive system. Electricity generation using Photovoltaic cells is a promising form of sustainable energy. A quasi-Z source inverter (q-ZSI) can minimize the power fluctuations from the electric energy generated by a PV panel. In the existing system, during the discharge of energy stored battery Harmonic Distortion is more. The proposed topology describes an improved ability to compensate power while maintaining a constant dc-link peak voltage with minimum harmonics. It is promising to note that the THD level decreases significantly with the introduction of a closed loop controller with Selective Harmonic Elimination technique. Thus the proposed system provides an efficient means of PV power generation.

The wide deployment of grid-connected renewable energy system has piqued immense attention recently, in response to rising electricity consumption, diminishing fossil fuel reserves in addition to the need for reducing carbon emissions. Among the available sources of renewable energy, photovoltaic (PV) power generation is the most promising technology with enormous potential and easy access. This paper presents an optimum control technique for grid connected PV systems. The improved single ended primary inductor converter (SEPIC) controls and regulates PV output power to the optimum voltage level. The working of the improved SEPIC is controlled by a proportional-integral (PI) controller optimized by meta-heuristic technique of lion swarm optimization (LSO). The constant output from the converter is then supplied to the power grid through a single-phase voltage source inverter (1𝜙 VSI). The effectiveness of the proposed control strategy is ascertained using hardware validation with DSPIC3050FPGA controller and MATLAB simulation generating a reduced total harmonic distortion (THD) of 3.9% and 2.9%, respectively. Furthermore, the proposed system generates an enhanced voltage gain of 1:10 and an efficiency of 96%.

In this paper a novel non-isolated bidirectional converter with the features of a quadratic buck-boost voltage gain, continuous input, and continuous output currents; which can be employed in energy storage applications, via., batteries or super capacitors. The proposed converter combines the advantages of high voltage gain, wide voltage range, low voltage stress across power switches, less current ripples, and common ground between the input and output sides. The proposed bidirectional converter comprises ten components: four bidirectional switches, three inductors, and three capacitors. Initially, this brief discusses the converter operation in discharging and charging modes; then, steady-state and dynamic modeling analyses are presented. Furthermore, the proposed converter is compared with recent bidirectional converters considering various performance indices. Additionally, experimentations are conducted on a 300 W, 50 kHz laboratory prototype of the proposed converter. The experimental results confirmed the viability of the proposed converter for energy storage applications with a peak efficiency of 97.9 % in discharging and 97.16 % in charging operation.

Integrating the renewable source is the biggest challenge faced because of its uncertainty. The primary issues involved in integration of renewable include power flow control, voltage control, and power quality and energy management. In this work a hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) is proposed. It comprises of a PV system and WECS with a battery for energy storage. The charging/discharging behavior of the battery is monitored, so that efficient energy management is accomplished. A suitable power electronic converter is necessary to ease both the operations of wind energy system and the PV system. Z-Source converter (ZSC) is utilized to analyze the performance of the HRES and the simulation results prove that the performance of the HRES is satisfactory in terms of reliability and quality of power delivered. Request access from your librarian to read this chapter's full text.