The predictability of Watson–Crick base pairing provides unique structural programmability to DNA, facilitating the development and application of biomolecules in biocomputing. However, in DNA-based biocomputing, the scale of operation that can be achieved by an existing reaction system is very limited. How to expand the operation range of a logic circuit and realize the integration and extensibility of circuits is always the key problem to be solved in this field. In this work, by designing a multifunctional DNA–nanostructure-based reaction platform, which can realize an output of up to 2ⁿ scalable fluorescence signals, combined with the construction of an input “library” and a modular distribution strategy of output signals, for the first time, we successfully performed the calculation of both square roots and cube roots of consecutive integers within a decimal number of “10” and in each result of the operation, two digits after the decimal point are preserved (). We believe that the design concept presented in this work can help effectively solve the urgent problems of biological computing in terms of computational scaling, integration and scalability, and can open up new horizons for the design of new functional devices and complex computing circuits.

This article proposes a multi-resolution wavelet peak detection method for R wave localization to realize dynamic ECG diagnosis including RR interval, heart rate counting, bradycardia and bradycardia. Detection of R wave involves lots of cardiovascular diseases diagnosis, and plays an important role in ECG signal detection. Wavelet transform can describe the time-frequency characteristics of signals, allowing different resolutions to represent the time characteristics of signals; therefore, it is an appropriate tool for analyzing ECG signals. This method has been verified by MIT-BIH database's R-wave records. The sensitivity of R wave method is 99.92%, and the positive predictive rate is 99.93%, and the dynamic ECG diagnostic system performs well.