Trace the timeline of a pandemic such as Ebola, SARS, and SARS-CoV-2. All these extremely infectious viruses led to a worldwide pandemic starting in 2002. All these three viruses are transmitted to humans by animals from the jungle. The novel human coronavirus COVID-19 is now the fifth documented pandemic since the 1918 influenza pandemic. Questions about pandemics are on the rise these days, and it is widely discussed in the media. Recently, awareness about urban green spaces is rising in this era, and numerous researchers claim that appropriate landscape planning and design with the conception of sustainability able to produce a beneficial and responsive environment for healthy urban improvement in relation to pandemic crises. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate the effectiveness of urban green spaces for sustainable environmental health. The result shows that the role of urban green spaces improves immune system function, increases social capital and cohesion, reduces mortality, and increases life expectancy, reduces potential negative health impacts, and makes urban beautification healthier. In addition, the finding shows the benefits of urban green spaces in pandemics, for example improving mental health and stress reduction, improving physical health, decreasing the risk of disease transmission, and improving social cohesion.

Dam disaster occurrences are an unexpected event that occurs suddenly without warning. It has become very alarming, resulting in a catastrophic break followed by a flood wave at high speed with considerable loss of life and catastrophic damages to infrastructure and the environment. Given these circumstances, the community preparedness for disaster risk reduction (DRR) is important to strengthen disaster response strategies. It helps the community to understand the situations to face disaster and interact with present conditions with efficient manners. The research aims to investigate the community awareness and preparedness and the effectiveness of the DRR program toward dam-related disaster. In this research, two dams in Cameron Highland have been selected as sites study: Sultan Abu Bakar (SAB) Hydroelectric Scheme and its vicinity in Lembah Bertam; and Susu Dam and its vicinity in Pos Telanok. The research utilised questionnaire surveys as a data collection method, where Statistical Package Software SPSS Version 25 was used to analyse data. The finding indicates that an integrated community-based program is an effective approach to increase people's preparedness for the disaster. The result can assist local agencies and dam owners in formulating strategies for future DRR programs. Identifying these pertinent factors enables a greater understanding of the community's preparedness for disaster risk reduction (DRR) in both dams of Cameron Highlands.

The paper reviews the influence of the physical workplace environment (PWE) on the organisational culture of employees that can affect the employees’ performance, well-being, satisfaction, engagement, and creativity. It emphasises that the physical environment can reflect and shape the organisational culture, which is the shared values, beliefs, and norms that influence how employees interact and work. A healthy workplace environment of an organisation will influence the innovation and collaboration between employees, decrease absenteeism and increase the performance of employees. The paper employs analytical reviews of the related articles to justify the influences of the physical workplace environment on employees’ well-being in the organisational culture. The content analysis is used to analyse the literature framework of the article. The findings revealed the significance of the physical workplace environment on employees who are well-equipped with positive environment support, who will be highly satisfied and show a high level of commitment towards the organisation. It is essential to design a physical workplace environment aligned with the organisational culture and supporting the employee's needs and preferences. A well-designed physical workplace environment can enhance the organisation’s communication, collaboration, innovation, and productivity and influence the employees’ attitudes, behaviours, and outcomes

The paper reviews the influence of the physical workplace environment (PWE) on the organisational culture of employees that can affect the employees’ performance, well-being, satisfaction, engagement, and creativity. It emphasises that the physical environment can reflect and shape the organisational culture, which is the shared values, beliefs, and norms that influence how employees interact and work. A healthy workplace environment of an organisation will influence the innovation and collaboration between employees, decrease absenteeism and increase the performance of employees. The paper employs analytical reviews of the related articles to justify the influences of the physical workplace environment on employees’ well-being in the organisational culture. The content analysis is used to analyse the literature framework of the article. The findings revealed the significance of the physical workplace environment on employees who are well-equipped with positive environment support, who will be highly satisfied and show a high level of commitment towards the organisation. It is essential to design a physical workplace environment aligned with the organisational culture and supporting the employee's needs and preferences. A well-designed physical workplace environment can enhance the organisation’s communication, collaboration, innovation, and productivity and influence the employees’ attitudes, behaviours, and outcomes.

The study explores the implicatios of epistemology on knowledge and awareness in green campus management. Epistemology, which concerns how knowledge is acquired, validated, and applied, provides a critical framework for understanding the various knowledge forms- scientific, experiential and institutional that shape environmental awareness and behavior. By investigating the interaction between these types of knowledge and the awareness levels of campus stakeholders, the research aims to investigate how different epistemological perspectives drive behavioral change toward sustainability. Using content analysis of relevant literature, the study focuses on how the production, dissemination, and application of knowledge contribute to sustainable campus management practices and foster an environmentally responsible campus culture. It emphasizes the need for interdisciplinary approaches that integrate scientific knowledge with social and experiential insights, aligning with the goals of sustainable development. The findings indicate that a deeper understanding of epistemology can significantly enhance the effectiveness of green campus initiatives by ensuring that knowledge not only informs policy but also motivates active participation and long-term behavioral change. This paper offers valuable insights for university administrators, educators, and policymakers seeking to improve the impact of sustainability programs. Ultimately, it supports global efforts to mitigate environmental challenges through education, awareness, and the cultivation of a culture of sustainability.

In an urban environment, pedestrian pathways are an essential physical structure that contributes significantly to establishing place identity. This review investigates the role of pedestrian pathways in shaping place identity, highlighting their physical and social importance. It explores how these pathways generate social attributes, such as place identity, within the urban context, addressing the often-overlooked significance of these structures. The undervalued physical and social significance of these pathways is an inquiry that the research aims to address. A comprehensive review of databases specializing in pedestrian pathways and place identity was conducted to examine this, focusing on books, peer-reviewed journal articles, and other relevant materials from the past five years. The findings demonstrate that pedestrian pathways are crucial in defining a place's identity through physical features, creating meaningful connections between people and their environment. By enhancing the physical characteristics of urban spaces, pedestrian pathways help foster a sense of belonging and identity among residents. Hence, pedestrian pathways significantly improve an urban environment's physical characteristics while nurturing place identity. This research offers new perspectives into the relationship between physical features and social ramifications and approaches to urban design that strengthen physical and social significance. Furthermore, it suggests approaches to urban design that recognize and strengthen the physical and social significance of pedestrian pathways, offering a framework for creating more meaningful and cohesive urban environments.