A reversible and highly selective luminescent probe was successfully employed for the determination of ClO⁻ and H₂S and for monitoring the ClO⁻/H₂S redox cycle both in vitro and in vivo.

A new rhodamine B-based fluorescent probe RL for Cu ²⁺ has been designed, synthesized, and characterized.

Paraquat (PQ) is one of the most widely used herbicides in the world, which has a good occupational safety record when used properly. While, it presents high mortality index after intentional exposure. Accidental deaths and suicides from PQ ingestion are relatively common in developing countries with an estimated 300,000 deaths occurring in the Asia–Pacific region alone each year, and there are no specific antidotes. Good predictors of outcome and prognosis may be plasma and urine testing within the first 24 h of intoxication. A fluorescence enhancement of approximately 30 times was seen following addition of PQ to a solution of the supramolecular compound 2MB@CB[8], which comprised two methylene blue (MB) molecules within one cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]) host molecule. The fluorescence intensity was linearly proportional to the amount of PQ added over the concentration range 2.4 × 10−10 M–2.5 × 10−4 M. The reaction also occurred in living cells and within live mice.

An aniline–rhodamine-based ratiometric fluorescent probe for Pd²⁺ions.

The fluorescence of Ru(phen)₃Cl₂ (tris(1,10-phenanthroline)ruthenium(II) dichloride) can be effectively quenched with the addition of graphene oxide in aqueous solution, due to the formation of a GO–Ru hybrid. A fluorescence enhancement of approximately 50 times can be observed after the addition of a certain amount of DNA into the above-mentioned solution. The fluorescence increase is linearly proportional to the amount of DNA added in the concentration range of 0–70 μM and the DNA detection limit is down to 3.3 × 10⁻⁸ M. Meanwhile, it is found that the GO–Ru hybrid can enter into the nuclei and stain the DNA of living human breast cancer cells MCF-7, while Ru(phen)₃Cl₂ alone cannot cross the cellular membrane in the control experiment. This method can be employed to detect DNA both in vitro and in vivo.