The current study ushers in a comprehensive review in clinical research to demonstrate the prevalence of musculoskeletal (MSK) complications in diabetes mellitus and the most relevant clinical aspects. In particular, revealing the early symptoms of the disorders, the pathology lurking behind the complications and their optimal management. In diabetes mellitus, MSK complications are common and are largely due to similar pathogenetic factors responsible for the internal organ complications associated with diabetes leading to chronic low-intensity inflammatory processes. MSK disorders develop by vasculopathy, neuropathy, arthropathy or combinations of the above, which are not specific to diabetes. However, their prevalence is significantly increased in diabetes and contributes to the disability impairing patients' quality of life. Locomotor disease affects approximately 34.4-83.5 % of patients suffering from type-2 diabetes mellitus. Several musculoskeletal abnormalities (cheiroarthropathy, Dupuytren's contracture, trigger finger, ect.) can be diagnosed upon physical examination, although certain symptoms (frozen shoulder, neurogenic arthropathy, septic arthritis, etc.) require differential diagnostic considerations. Early identification regarding characteristic symptoms in the treatment reducing inflammation and pain, followed with increasingly strenuous exercise therapy, aligned with optimal management of carbohydrate metabolism, proves essential in alleviating MSK complications.

Background: The goal of this study was to prove that children’s physical activity decreases with age. A significant correlation was found between health awareness and regular exercise. The deliberately designed elementary school health education program had a positive effect on health behavior. Material and methods: The same questionnaire was used every year. Questions were alternately connected to health and sports subjects. The nutrition habits and trends of the students were explored, and personal opinions and feedback were welcomed. Descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis (p<0.05) were applied. Students were aged from 11 to 14 years. Results: Based on the BMI, more than 13% of the students were morbidly obese or undernourished. Almost 10% of the students were overweight or obese. More than 65% of students engaged in sports on a regular basis at the lowest estimate 2 or 3 times a week. Nearly 10% of children never participated in sport activity or physical exercise outside of physical education classes. Conclusions: tarting from the 8th grade, it would be important to include informational lectures on appropriate training in the curriculum, and it is also important to promote a healthy lifestyle among both parents and children and to operate a healthy school canteen. The infrastructure of schools and the range of sports activities should be improved.