Background/Objectives: Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) provides tumor-selective cytotoxicity with minimal collateral tissue damage and has emerged as a novel treatment option for recurrent head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). However, biomarkers that predict treatment response to NIR-PIT remain poorly defined. Therefore, this study aimed to exploratorily determine whether baseline nutritional and inflammatory composite biomarkers are associated with complete response to NIR-PIT in patients with recurrent HNSCC. Methods: Fifteen non-surgical candidates with recurrent HNSCC underwent NIR-PIT between January 2022 and December 2025. Baseline composite nutritional indices and inflammatory markers, including the systemic inflammation response index (SIRI), were assessed before and 4–8 weeks post-treatment. Tumor response was evaluated according to RECIST version 1.1. Exploratory comparisons between complete response (CR) and non-CR groups were performed using Wilcoxon rank-sum tests with effect size estimation. Results: Five of 15 patients achieved CR (33.3%). Baseline SIRI was significantly lower in the CR group than in the non-CR group (median 70.7 vs. 120.2; p = 0.03), with a large effect size (r = 0.55). In contrast, baseline composite nutritional indices and other inflammatory markers showed no significant association with treatment response. Nutritional status remained stable after NIR-PIT, as reflected by preserved nutritional index values. SIRI tended to increase post-treatment in patients who achieved CR. Conclusions: NIR-PIT achieved encouraging local tumor responses in recurrent HNSCC while preserving early nutritional status. Baseline SIRI may represent a potential inflammation-based correlate of CR, reflecting the balance between systemic inflammation and host immune status, and warrants validation in larger prospective cohorts.

Background/Objectives: Inverted sinonasal papilloma (ISP) is a benign tumor with clinically important risks of recurrence and malignant transformation. We investigated factors associated with postoperative recurrence and the clinical significance of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA detection. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 104 surgically treated patients with histologically confirmed ISP (2006–2024). Clinical and radiological factors, HPV genotype and viral load, and p16, p53, and Ki-67 expression were evaluated. Recurrence analysis included 86 patients with at least 12 months of total clinical follow-up. Results: Seven patients (8.1%) developed recurrence. Median total clinical follow-up in the recurrence-analysis cohort was 46.5 months. Frontal sinus involvement and attachment-site hyperostosis were associated with recurrence in an exploratory two-variable Cox model, with wide confidence intervals. An additional model incorporating Krouse stage failed to converge. HPV DNA was detected in 21/104 tumors (20.2%): 11 low-risk and 10 high-risk HPV-positive tumors. Viral load was quantifiable in five tumors (0.3–65.0 E6 copies/ng genomic DNA); the remaining 16 were below the quantification limit of 0.25 copies/ng. No significant association between HPV status and recurrence was demonstrated. Two tumors showed p16 overexpression, including one high-risk HPV-positive tumor; no consistent HPV-related immunohistochemical pattern was identified. Conclusions: Frontal sinus involvement and attachment-site hyperostosis were associated with recurrence in this cohort. With only seven events, the findings are exploratory and require validation. A clinically relevant HPV association cannot be excluded, and HPV transcriptional activity cannot be inferred from these data.