Background: Inflammaging is a hallmark of cardiac aging that can develop through the NF-κB pathway. Purinergic P2X7 receptors (P2X7Rs) mediate inflammation in cardiovascular diseases. However, the role of P2X7Rs in cardiac inflammaging remains unclear. This research aims to explore the association between P2X7Rs and cardiac inflammaging and whether pharmacological inhibition of P2X7Rs (A740003) can alleviate aging-related cardiac inflammation by regulating the NF-κB pathway in an animal model of cardiac aging. Methods: Wistar albino rats were subjected to intraperitoneal administration of D-galactose (200 mg/kg/day) for 10 weeks to induce cardiac aging. Four groups of eight rats each were divided into: normal control (saline for 10 weeks); aging control (D-galactose + saline from weeks 8–10); aging + vehicle (D-galactose + vehicle from weeks 8–10); and aging + A740003 (D-galactose + A740003 (19 mg/kg/day) from weeks 8–10). Heart tissues were then histologically examined and cardiac cellular senescence markers, including SA-β-Gal activity, p16^Ink4a and p21^Cip/Waf expression, and pro-inflammatory senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors, were assessed. Expression of P2X7R, NF-κBp105, and NF-κBp65 was detected. Results: Treatment with A740003 reduced cellular senescence markers and pro-inflammatory SASP factors. The expression of P2X7R, NF-κBp105, and NF-κBp65 was significantly increased in cardiac tissues of the aging group, whereas the expression of IκB was decreased. A740003 treatment decreased the levels of P2X7R, NF-κBp105 and NF-κBp65. Conclusions: Data indicate that A740003 alleviates cardiac inflammaging through inhibition of the P2X7R-mediated NF-κB mechanism. Therefore, the P2X7R-mediated NF-κB pathway may provide a novel strategy for mitigating age-related inflammation and preventing age-related cardiovascular diseases.

Background: Obesity is a growing public health crisis in Saudi Arabia. Community pharmacists are well-positioned to deliver accessible weight management services, but data on public willingness to pay (WTP) for these interventions remains limited. Aim: To assess the willingness of the Saudi Arabian public to pay for community pharmacist-led weight management services and identify factors associated with WTP. Methods: A cross-sectional, face-to-face survey was conducted among adults in a medical city in Riyadh between October 2025 and January 2026. WTP was elicited using the Payment Card method based on a hypothetical pharmacist-led service scenario. Payment values were validated by an expert panel. Univariable and multivariable regression models were used to identify independent predictors of WTP and payment amounts. Results: Of 746 participants, 66% expressed willingness to pay for the service. The most frequently selected maximum payment was 50 SAR per session. Multivariable logistic regression revealed that WTP was significantly associated with younger age, higher monthly income, perceived usefulness of pharmacy services (aOR: 3.10; 95% CI: 1.83–5.26), frequent pharmacy visits, and prior or desired access to a dietitian. Clinical burden, including BMI and chronic conditions, did not significantly influence WTP. Among those willing to pay, male gender was independently associated with a lower stated payment amount compared to females (β = −3.8 SAR; p = 0.006). Conclusions: Among adults attending a large academic medical city in Riyadh, there is substantial willingness to pay for pharmacist-led weight management services, with perceived value and healthcare engagement as the primary drivers. These preliminary findings warrant replication in broader, nationally representative samples.