Water is known to be a chemical compound and plays an essential role in sustaining life on our planet. Fresh water on earth is only 2.5% and the problems with the drought of the regions are known. Therefore, its sparing use will contribute to reducing this effect. This requires the revision of some of the policies of the agricultural sector and the implementation of new and innovative irrigation solutions. Through irrigation and their root system, plants grow and develop. The application of a proper irrigation regime will contribute to a reduction in water use. In this study, an attempt has been made to create an autonomous system for determining and applying the irrigation regime of plants. For this purpose, a greenhouse was used for the industrial production of cucumbers. A soil moisture sensor is used, and the signal is processed by software developed for this purpose, which produces a control signal for the beginning and end of the irrigation process. The process is controlled autonomously, depending on the current state of humidity and when a certain value is reached, the process is terminated. The sensor part is made of standard soil moisture sensors, and the control part is entrusted to a single-board computer with the ability to control via a wireless network.

The present work is aimed at developing and researching a robotic arm with five degrees of freedom, manufactured using 3D-printing technology and controlled by an ESP32 microcontroller. This technology is increasingly used in robotics, especially in the educational process, due to the possibilities for rapid prototyping, modification and restoration of individual components. In the development process, the mechanical, hardware and software parts of the system were implemented, and a basic kinematic analysis of the manipulator was performed. A control program was created, allowing the performance of “pick and place” tasks, as well as visualization and manual control through a developed application. The results obtained show that the developed system provides sufficient functionality and flexibility for use in robotics training, while at the same time allowing expansion and upgrading with additional functionalities. The main contribution of the work lies in the implementation of an accessible and adaptable robotic platform, suitable for educational and experimental purposes.

In the present work, the control mode of a robotic manipulator with a joystick when moving an object to a desired position is considered. In automated systems, it is always necessary, in addition to the main automatic mode, to have an additional mode allowing additional adjustment. In addition, it can serve to determine the most suitable trajectory for the robot's motion, both for its recording and for motion training. 3D printing technology was chosen to create the individual details of the robot, which significantly reduces its cost. The details can be restored at any time if necessary. Arduino IDE and Nano board are used as the control development platform. The project is the basis of a student's thesis on automatic control of a robotic manipulator. The finished project will serve to train students and make it easier to adopt and adapt to these modern technologies. This step-by-step project implementation approach was chosen, as it will lead to consolidation and acquisition of new knowledge at each stage of implementation.