Introduction: Stroke is a leading cause of long-term disability worldwide, necessitating effective rehabilitation strategies. Currently, neurofeedback and brain-computer interfaces (BCI) based on electroencephalography (EEG) provide promising tools for controlled and precise neuro­rehabilitation. Aim: To assess the therapeutic efficacy of EEG-based BCI usage in the neurorehabilitation process of post-stroke patients. The assessment focuses on the impact of motor functions and the induction of neuroplasticity. Materials and methods: A systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A comprehensive literature search across five major databases resulted in the final inclusion of 32 articles. Results: Analysis revealed a diversity of BCI modalities, primarily utilizing motor imagery combined with virtual reality, functional electrical stimulation, and robotic exoskeletons to close the sensorimotor loop. Procedural parameters varied significantly: session durations ranged from brief tasks to one-hour protocols. The total number of sessions are also varied widely, from pilot studies to extended regimens of up to 80 sessions, averaging approximately 30 sessions. Regarding signal acquisition, most studies utilized high-density EEG setups (typically 20 or 32 leads). The cohorts predominantly included patients with chronic ischemic stroke, although healthy individuals were often recruited for system validation. Therapeutic effects were confirmed by significant improvements in clinical scales, particularly the Fugl-Meyer Assessment and neurophysiological markers, such as suppression of the mu rhythm. Conclusions: Evidence supports that BCI-related methods significantly improve clinical outcomes in stroke survivors. However, the extent of positive neurological impact depends on the specific BCI modality and stroke characteristics. Future research requires standardized protocols to optimize dosage and include underrepresented patient groups.

Brain tumors represent a major clinical challenge due to their complex biology, inherent resistance to conventional therapies and the limited delivery of anticancer agents across the blood–brain barrier. Natural phytochemicals such as curcumin, resveratrol and berberine have gained increasing attention for their multi-targeted anticancer properties, including induction of apoptosis, inhibition of proliferation, suppression of mitochondrial and BCL-2-family signaling and modulation of the tumor microenvironment. This comprehensive review critically examines current evidence on the use of curcumin, resveratrol and berberine in the context of brain tumor treatment, with an emphasis on gliomas’ mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetic limitations, and potential for integration into novel delivery platforms. We discuss how these compounds interact with key pathways in brain tumors—including BCL-2 inhibition, PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling and epigenetic regulation—and the emerging strategies to overcome glioma-specific obstacles such as blood–brain barrier permeability and microenvironmental hypoxia. Furthermore, the review explores innovative formulations and carrier systems that enhance brain uptake and bioavailability of these agents, bridging the gap between preclinical promise and clinical translation. By identifying current gaps and proposing future research directions, this article aims to provide a roadmap for harnessing curcumin, resveratrol and berberine as adjuvant or combinatorial treatments in brain tumor therapy, focusing particularly on glioma treatment. The adoption of such phytochemicals may open new avenues for improved outcomes in patients with highly refractory brain malignancies.