Neurological emergencies, including stroke, seizures, and subarachnoid hemorrhage, require prompt recognition and intervention for optimal outcomes. Public awareness of these conditions is essential, yet knowledge gaps persist in Saudi Arabia despite their increasing prevalence. This study aims to assess knowledge and perceptions of neurological emergencies among the Saudi general population and identify sociodemographic factors influencing awareness levels. A cross-sectional study was conducted between March and July 2025 using an online questionnaire distributed to Saudi residents aged ≥18 years. The survey assessed knowledge of symptoms, appropriate responses, and sources of information regarding neurological emergencies. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 29, with nonparametric tests to evaluate differences between demographic groups. Among 593 participants, 60.7% correctly identified initial actions for stroke, while 80.6% recognized that even one stroke symptom warrants immediate action. Most participants knew not to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation if breathing (91.2%) or sprinkle water (85.3%), but fewer identified proper actions like turning the person on their side (44.9%) or calling emergency services for seizures over 5 minutes (50.8%). Gaps exist in recognizing emergency situations such as injuries or prolonged unconsciousness. Female participants, residents of Central and Western regions, and those with healthcare backgrounds demonstrated significantly higher knowledge scores ( P < .05). Social media (62.6%) was the primary information source, followed by healthcare professionals (55.3%). This study revealed notable gaps in public knowledge about neurological emergencies in Saudi Arabia, particularly regarding recognition of stroke symptoms and appropriate seizure management. However, over 80% of participants were aged 18 to 30, which limits generalizability to the broader Saudi population. Findings highlight the need for targeted educational interventions, especially for demographics showing lower awareness levels, to improve early recognition and management to these time-sensitive conditions.

Background: Migraine is a prevalent neurological disorder associated with significant morbidity and social burden. Although various triggers for migraine have been identified, the relationship between smoking and migraine remains unclear. This study aimed to compare migraine characteristics between people with and without smoking in Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional study using an online survey tool had been conducted in Saudi Arabia. The survey assessed migraine characteristics, smoking behaviour, demographics, and comorbidities. Statistical analyzes were performed to investigate the occurrence of migraine, smoking behaviour, and demographic factors. Descriptive statistics summarized the data, with various statistical tests employed to compare variables between groups. Results: A total of 229 participants were included in the study, with a majority being young adults (48.47%), predominantly females (66.81%), and holding a bachelor’s degree (63.32%). The study found that 19.2% of individuals with migraine were current smokers, with an average smoking duration of 9.7 years. While some reported relief from migraine pain, others experienced increased pain intensity or frequency. No significant differences were found in migraine characteristics between smokers and non-smokers, but younger individuals and males with migraine were more likely to smoke. The study highlights the complex relationship between smoking and migraine, with varying effects on individuals. Conclusions: The study underscores the lack of significant differences in migraine characteristics between smokers and non-smokers, suggesting that smoking does not play a pivotal role in the clinical presentation of migraines. This insight prompts a shift in research focus towards other potential contributors to migraines, such as genetic predispositions, environmental factors, and comorbidities. Understanding these associations can inform public health strategies aimed at alleviating migraine-related burdens.

Background/Objectives: Basic life support (BLS) and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) are essential emergency interventions. This exploratory study described BLS awareness, reported training, self-assessed and objectively scored CPR knowledge, and attitudes in a self-selected online sample of adults in the Aseer Region, Saudi Arabia, and examined how these constructs related to one another; it was not designed to estimate regional prevalence. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey (April–June 2025) used convenience recruitment through social media. The study-specific questionnaire was expert-reviewed and pilot-tested but not psychometrically validated; the five technical items (Kuder–Richardson 20 = 0.59) were analyzed individually. Analyses were primarily descriptive; comparisons, including a multivariable logistic regression, were exploratory. Results: Of 364 respondents, 87.1% were female, 49.5% were students, and 67.9% held a bachelor’s degree. Overall, 90.9% had heard of BLS, 47.3% reported CPR training, and 45.1% reported knowing how to perform CPR; 27.5% to 57.1% selected the keyed answer on individual objectively scored items. Only 20.7% of those reporting knowing how to perform CPR selected all four keyed answers. Respondents reporting CPR training selected keyed answers more often on every objectively scored item, most markedly for the 30:2 compression-to-ventilation ratio (50.6% vs. 18.2%), yet only 41.3% of them selected the “at least 100 compressions/min” option. Measured sociodemographic characteristics explained little of the variation in reported training (McFadden pseudo-R² = 0.11). Conclusions: In this demographically imbalanced sample, self-reported awareness and self-assessed ability to perform CPR were often not matched by objectively scored knowledge. Associations with reported training may reflect who seeks training rather than training effects, and item wording may have influenced responses. The shared dataset and identified instrument weaknesses can inform representative studies using validated measures and objective skills assessment.