The effect of dehulling and cooking on the in vitro digestibility, and phenolic profiles was evaluated for four Dutch sorghum varieties (HD7 and HD19, Sorghum bicolor; and HD100 and HD101 Sorghum nigricans) bred in the Netherlands. Protein content ranged from 9 to 14 % and grains with black pericarp were more resistant to dehulling. Essential amino acids composition analysis showed that the lysine chemical score (∼0.6) was lower than that required for adults. Phenolic profiling by UHPLC-ESI-QTOF/MS allowed annotaion of 219 phenolic compounds, with flavonoids as the most representative class (91 %). Dehulling and genotype had stronger influence on the phenolic profiles than cooking; however, hydrothermal treatment was essential for the depolymerization of proanthocyanidin dimers and trimers. The combination of dehulling and boiling improved in vitro protein digestibility and increased in vitro bioaccessibility of key phenolic compounds. These processes are effective for developing high-quality sorghum-based products using Dutch varieties.

Salvia hispanica L. (chia) is a plant of the Lamiaceae family native to Central America, is mainly grown in southwestern France, with a preference for the ORURO® variety. Chia seeds contain over 30 % oil and 19 % protein. They are rich in omega-3 (ω3) and omega-6 (ω6) fatty acids, with a favorable ω3/ ω6 ratio, making them a valuable source of nutrients. Chia seeds store nutrients in lipid droplets and protein bodies. During germination, these nutrients are mobilized to support seedling growth. This study explores how germination can enhance the quality of chia seed reserves for food applications. Thus, we examined the biochemical and metabolic changes during germination leading to the breakdown and mobilization of seed reserves. Using proteomics and lipidomics, we monitored changes in storage proteins and lipids during chia seed germination. Our findings revealed significant molecular remodeling, suggesting that germination may enhances chia's nutritional value for human consumption.