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Combustion of pure avian waste is strongly affected by its humidity content. According to the results of composition analysis, the initial humidity reaches up to 50%, inhibiting direct combustion initiation and development. Drying of poultry waste is an alternative, but simple relatively long-term storage or thermal pre-processing, complicates the technological process of energy recovery and increases the associated costs. Co-combustion represents a promising solution to enrich the heating value of raw poultry manure. Experiments using biomass (in a mass fraction of up to 30%) led to positive results in terms of efficiency. It is highlighted that the process depends on the quality of the woody biomass used for the mixture, but also on its bulk density, which causes an accelerated diffusion of air and influences the burning speed. This paper presents the experimental investigations on the co-combustion of poultry manure and woody biomass, performed on a 55 kW pilot boiler equipped with a post-combustion grate. The focus of the analysis is on the influence of the biomass bulk density and its heating value on the co-combustion process. The results obtained favor the development of a technology that is easy to apply and has a reduced cost. The technology investigated here is suitable for onsite applications in poultry farms, enabling meeting the energy demand based on co-combustion of resulting poultry waste.
Gheorghe Lăzăroiu; Gabriel Paul Negreanu; Ionel Pîșă; Rodica Manuela Grigoriu; Dana-Alexandra Ciupăgeanu. Experimental researches on poultry manure combustion in co-combustion with biomass. E3S Web of Conferences 2021, 286, 02013 .
AMA StyleGheorghe Lăzăroiu, Gabriel Paul Negreanu, Ionel Pîșă, Rodica Manuela Grigoriu, Dana-Alexandra Ciupăgeanu. Experimental researches on poultry manure combustion in co-combustion with biomass. E3S Web of Conferences. 2021; 286 ():02013.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGheorghe Lăzăroiu; Gabriel Paul Negreanu; Ionel Pîșă; Rodica Manuela Grigoriu; Dana-Alexandra Ciupăgeanu. 2021. "Experimental researches on poultry manure combustion in co-combustion with biomass." E3S Web of Conferences 286, no. : 02013.
Blade geometry is an important design parameter that influences global wind turbine energy harvesting performances. The geometric characteristics of the blade profile are obtained by determining the distribution of the chord and twist angle for each blade section. In order to maximize the wind energy production, implying a maximum lift-to-drag ratio for each wind speed, this distribution should be optimized. This paper presents a methodology to numerically determine the change in the twist angle by introducing a range of pitch angles for the maximum power coefficient case. The obtained pitch values were distributed from the root to the tip of blade. The results prove that the power coefficient increases for wind speeds greater than the rated point, which improves the yearly production of energy by 5% compared to the reference case.
Mohammed Debbache; Messaoud Hazmoune; Semcheddine Derfouf; Dana-Alexandra Ciupageanu; Gheorghe Lazaroiu. Wind Blade Twist Correction for Enhanced Annual Energy Production of Wind Turbines. Sustainability 2021, 13, 6931 .
AMA StyleMohammed Debbache, Messaoud Hazmoune, Semcheddine Derfouf, Dana-Alexandra Ciupageanu, Gheorghe Lazaroiu. Wind Blade Twist Correction for Enhanced Annual Energy Production of Wind Turbines. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (12):6931.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohammed Debbache; Messaoud Hazmoune; Semcheddine Derfouf; Dana-Alexandra Ciupageanu; Gheorghe Lazaroiu. 2021. "Wind Blade Twist Correction for Enhanced Annual Energy Production of Wind Turbines." Sustainability 13, no. 12: 6931.
Hydrogen can be a viable alternative fuel for modern diesel engines, offering benefits on efficiency and performance improvement. The paper analyses the results of a thermodynamic model developed by authors in order to study the influence of Hydrogen addition on a process like vaporization, mixture forming, and combustion at the level of diesel fuel droplets. The bi-zonal model is applied for a dual-fueled diesel engine K9K type designed by Renault for automotives. For the engine operating regime of 2000 rpm speed and 55% engine load, the diesel fuel is partially substituted by Hydrogen in energetic percents of 6.76%, 13.39%, and 20.97%, the engine power being maintained at the same level comparative to classic fueling. At Hydrogen addition, the diesel fuel jets atomization and diesel fuel droplets vaporization are accelerated, the speed of formation of the mixture being increased. Comparative to classic fueling, the use of Hydrogen leads to diesel droplets combustion intensification, with a shortened autoignition delay, reduction of combustion duration, and increase of flame radius.
Alexandru Cernat; Constantin Pana; Niculae Negurescu; Gheorghe Lazaroiu; Cristian Nutu. The Influence of Hydrogen on Vaporization, Mixture Formation and Combustion of Diesel Fuel at an Automotive Diesel Engine. Sustainability 2020, 13, 202 .
AMA StyleAlexandru Cernat, Constantin Pana, Niculae Negurescu, Gheorghe Lazaroiu, Cristian Nutu. The Influence of Hydrogen on Vaporization, Mixture Formation and Combustion of Diesel Fuel at an Automotive Diesel Engine. Sustainability. 2020; 13 (1):202.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlexandru Cernat; Constantin Pana; Niculae Negurescu; Gheorghe Lazaroiu; Cristian Nutu. 2020. "The Influence of Hydrogen on Vaporization, Mixture Formation and Combustion of Diesel Fuel at an Automotive Diesel Engine." Sustainability 13, no. 1: 202.
Considering the current environmental restrictions, particularly those imposed on fossil fuel exploitation, hydrogen stands out as a very promising alternative for the power and transportation sectors. This paper investigates the effects of the employment of hydrogen in a K9K automotive diesel engine. Experiments were conducted at a speed of 2000 min−1 with various engine load levels of 40%, 55%, 70%, and 85%; several quantities were monitored to evaluate the performance with hydrogen use in terms of brake-specific energetic consumption (BSEC), fuel economy, maximum pressure, and heat-release characteristics. It was found that at 55% engine load, the engine efficiency increased by 5.3% with hydrogen addition, achieving a diesel fuel economy of 1.32 kg/h. The rate of increase of the peak pressure and maximum pressure started to increase as a consequence of the higher fuel quantity that burned in the premixed combustion phase, while still remaining within reliable operational limits. The accelerated combustion and augmented heat release rate resulted in a combustion duration that was reduced by 3° CA (crank angle degree), achieving a mass fraction burned percentage of 10% to 90% earlier in the cycle, and the combustion variability was also influenced. Hydrogen use assured the decrease of CO2, HC, NOx, and smoke emission levels in comparison with classic fueling.
Alexandru Cernat; Constantin Pana; Niculae Negurescu; Gheorghe Lazaroiu; Cristian Nutu; Dinu Fuiorescu. Hydrogen—An Alternative Fuel for Automotive Diesel Engines Used in Transportation. Sustainability 2020, 12, 9321 .
AMA StyleAlexandru Cernat, Constantin Pana, Niculae Negurescu, Gheorghe Lazaroiu, Cristian Nutu, Dinu Fuiorescu. Hydrogen—An Alternative Fuel for Automotive Diesel Engines Used in Transportation. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (22):9321.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlexandru Cernat; Constantin Pana; Niculae Negurescu; Gheorghe Lazaroiu; Cristian Nutu; Dinu Fuiorescu. 2020. "Hydrogen—An Alternative Fuel for Automotive Diesel Engines Used in Transportation." Sustainability 12, no. 22: 9321.
Efficient operation of thermal solar power plants is strongly dependent on the central receiver design. In particular, as the receiver tube determines the temperature behavior inside the receiver, its geometry proves to be the main factor affecting the solar tower receiver performances. This paper investigates the effect of several 3D geometric concepts on both temperature evolution and velocity of the working fluid at the receiver, in order to obtain an enhanced design, with augmented efficiency. A novel receiver tube with helical fins is proposed, aiming an increased heat exchange surface and improved thermal conduction. Extensive numerical simulation is carried out in ANSYS CFX (CFD) to assess the performances of the proposed solar tower receiver design. An unstructured mesh, generated by a computation machine, and (kε) turbulence model are employed to this regard. The results show that the tubes with helical fins for solar tower receivers give a very important increase in the outlet temperature, which can reach up to 1050 K.
Messaoud Hazmoune; Benaoumeur Aour; Xavier Chesneau; Mohammed Debbache; Dana-Alexandra Ciupageanu; Gheorghe Lazaroiu; Mohamed Hadjiat; Abderrahmane Hamidat. Numerical Analysis of a Solar Tower Receiver Novel Design. Sustainability 2020, 12, 6957 .
AMA StyleMessaoud Hazmoune, Benaoumeur Aour, Xavier Chesneau, Mohammed Debbache, Dana-Alexandra Ciupageanu, Gheorghe Lazaroiu, Mohamed Hadjiat, Abderrahmane Hamidat. Numerical Analysis of a Solar Tower Receiver Novel Design. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (17):6957.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMessaoud Hazmoune; Benaoumeur Aour; Xavier Chesneau; Mohammed Debbache; Dana-Alexandra Ciupageanu; Gheorghe Lazaroiu; Mohamed Hadjiat; Abderrahmane Hamidat. 2020. "Numerical Analysis of a Solar Tower Receiver Novel Design." Sustainability 12, no. 17: 6957.
Romania is in a full process of development in regards to producing energy from renewable sources. Successes have been recorded in the wind and hydro sectors, however, challenges are still to be solved in the field of biofuels. In previous years, research and investments targeting facilities that make use of a larger range of renewable fuels and their respective incineration technologies were carried out. The experience thus gained allows for a redefinition of the range of fuels which can constitute cost-worthy power producing solutions. Defining the renewable fuels of the future is of utmost importance for a country with a significant agricultural potential, but also with a temperate climate. After eliminating some cultures specific to warmer climates and not taking into account the quantity/price ratio, the current paper highlights a synthetic approach (a matrix) to the fuels of the future applicable to the power sector in Romania. At the definition base for the matrix also stands data gained from the experience of the researchers in the respective domain.
Gheorghe Lăzăroiu; Lucian Mihăescu; Gabriel Negreanu; Viorel Berbece; Elena-Adriana Jarcu; Laura Alexandra Stănescu. Conceptual matrix for the biofuels of the future applicable to the Romanian economy. E3S Web of Conferences 2019, 112, 02002 .
AMA StyleGheorghe Lăzăroiu, Lucian Mihăescu, Gabriel Negreanu, Viorel Berbece, Elena-Adriana Jarcu, Laura Alexandra Stănescu. Conceptual matrix for the biofuels of the future applicable to the Romanian economy. E3S Web of Conferences. 2019; 112 ():02002.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGheorghe Lăzăroiu; Lucian Mihăescu; Gabriel Negreanu; Viorel Berbece; Elena-Adriana Jarcu; Laura Alexandra Stănescu. 2019. "Conceptual matrix for the biofuels of the future applicable to the Romanian economy." E3S Web of Conferences 112, no. : 02002.
Leather processing for commercial purposes involves going through a set of complex and laborious operations, resulting in over 70% waste relative to the initial feedstock; a quarter of this waste is produced in Europe. Worldwide there are about 36,000 companies active in this sector, generating a turnover of almost 48 billion euros. As in any industrial sector, waste recovery is a highly researched topic, with alternatives for its use being constantly considered. One of the most interesting solutions to this problem consists of using part of the waste for power applications. For instance, the 10% fats from total animal waste could well be employed to power diesel engines, both in raw state or as biodiesel. The remainder, which contains mostly proteins, can be exploited to obtain biogas through anaerobic digestion. This paper presents the results of experimental determinations on the combustion of animal fats and compares it to other biofuels, such as vegetable oils and solid biomass. The advantages of co-firing hydrogen-rich gas (HRG) and vegetable biomass are also analyzed. According to the presented results, combustion of the investigated fuels has a lower impact on the environment, with the concentration of pollutants in the flue gases being low. Thus, the paper proves that all the proposed solutions are ecological alternatives for biomass exploitation for energy recovery purposes, based on comparing the results in terms of pollutant emissions. This paper provides qualitative and quantitative perspectives on multiple alternatives of energy recovery from biomass resources, while also briefly describing the methods and equipment used to this end.
Gheorghe Lazaroiu; Lucian Mihaescu; Gabriel Negreanu; Constantin Pana; Ionel Pisa; Alexandru Cernat; Dana-Alexandra Ciupageanu. Experimental Investigations of Innovative Biomass Energy Harnessing Solutions. Energies 2018, 11, 3469 .
AMA StyleGheorghe Lazaroiu, Lucian Mihaescu, Gabriel Negreanu, Constantin Pana, Ionel Pisa, Alexandru Cernat, Dana-Alexandra Ciupageanu. Experimental Investigations of Innovative Biomass Energy Harnessing Solutions. Energies. 2018; 11 (12):3469.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGheorghe Lazaroiu; Lucian Mihaescu; Gabriel Negreanu; Constantin Pana; Ionel Pisa; Alexandru Cernat; Dana-Alexandra Ciupageanu. 2018. "Experimental Investigations of Innovative Biomass Energy Harnessing Solutions." Energies 11, no. 12: 3469.
The treatment of protein waste in the leather industry also includes transformation into biogas through anaerobic digestion. A pilot plant producing biogas with a 45-60% CH4 concentration was designed for this purpose. Starting from primary experimental tests in a Bunsen burner, the paper presents the theoretical aspects of choosing the best combustion technique for this peculiar gaseous fuel in order to calculate the combustion velocity and checking the conditions for the flame stability. The applicability of the kinetic combustion (with pre-mix) will be attempted, because low combustion rates for this fuel also involve low air velocities. Diffusive combustion seems to not be affected by this impediment, as there is always an equality condition of flame velocity with burning speed, so a theoretical spot of a stable flame. After selecting the best combustion technique, a pilot burner will be designed and tested.
Lucian Mihaescu; Gheorghe Lazaroiu; Gabriel Negreanu; Ionel Pisa. Influence of the characteristics of biogas generated in the leather industry on combustion quality. Thermal Science 2018, 22, 1349 -1357.
AMA StyleLucian Mihaescu, Gheorghe Lazaroiu, Gabriel Negreanu, Ionel Pisa. Influence of the characteristics of biogas generated in the leather industry on combustion quality. Thermal Science. 2018; 22 (Suppl. 5):1349-1357.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLucian Mihaescu; Gheorghe Lazaroiu; Gabriel Negreanu; Ionel Pisa. 2018. "Influence of the characteristics of biogas generated in the leather industry on combustion quality." Thermal Science 22, no. Suppl. 5: 1349-1357.
Ionel Pîşă; Gheorghe Lăzăroiu; Lucian Mihaescu; Tudor Prisecaru; Gabriel Negreanu. Mathematical Model and Experimental Tests of Hydrogen Diffusion in the Porous System of Biomass. International Journal of Green Energy 2016, 13, 774 -780.
AMA StyleIonel Pîşă, Gheorghe Lăzăroiu, Lucian Mihaescu, Tudor Prisecaru, Gabriel Negreanu. Mathematical Model and Experimental Tests of Hydrogen Diffusion in the Porous System of Biomass. International Journal of Green Energy. 2016; 13 (8):774-780.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIonel Pîşă; Gheorghe Lăzăroiu; Lucian Mihaescu; Tudor Prisecaru; Gabriel Negreanu. 2016. "Mathematical Model and Experimental Tests of Hydrogen Diffusion in the Porous System of Biomass." International Journal of Green Energy 13, no. 8: 774-780.
N. Golovanov; G.C. Lazaroiu; Mariacristina Roscia; D. Zaninelli. Power Quality analysis in Renewable Energy Systems Supplying Distribution Grids. Renewable Energy and Power Quality Journal 2013, 467 -470.
AMA StyleN. Golovanov, G.C. Lazaroiu, Mariacristina Roscia, D. Zaninelli. Power Quality analysis in Renewable Energy Systems Supplying Distribution Grids. Renewable Energy and Power Quality Journal. 2013; ():467-470.
Chicago/Turabian StyleN. Golovanov; G.C. Lazaroiu; Mariacristina Roscia; D. Zaninelli. 2013. "Power Quality analysis in Renewable Energy Systems Supplying Distribution Grids." Renewable Energy and Power Quality Journal , no. : 467-470.
Simultaneous combustion of biomass (wood or straw) with coal represents an alternative energy source with economic potential and smaller pollutant emission. Under the current environmental legislation, biomass is seen as a zero emitter of carbon dioxide emissions. The paper analyses the potential corrosion and the formation of adherent deposits in the coal–biomass co-combustion process at two pilot installations. Three types of experiments with a mixture of coal, straw and wood are conducted. For the slagging phenomena, two installations pilot (grate-fired furnace) were used: one of 55 kW thermal power and other of 2 MW. As a control sample, different types of steels were used. The results can lead to the implementation of measures to reduce the effects of corrosion. The final aim is to increase the boilers efficiency and life duration. Furthermore, the ash analyses allow their use as fertilizer in agriculture.
Ionel Pisa; Gheorghe Lazaroiu. Influence of co-combustion of coal/biomass on the corrosion. Fuel Processing Technology 2012, 104, 356 -364.
AMA StyleIonel Pisa, Gheorghe Lazaroiu. Influence of co-combustion of coal/biomass on the corrosion. Fuel Processing Technology. 2012; 104 ():356-364.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIonel Pisa; Gheorghe Lazaroiu. 2012. "Influence of co-combustion of coal/biomass on the corrosion." Fuel Processing Technology 104, no. : 356-364.
Ionel Pisa; Gheorghe Lazaroiu; Corina Radulescu; Lucian Mihaescu. EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON THE CORROSION OCCURRENCE DURING BIOMASS COMBUSTION PROCESS. Environmental Engineering and Management Journal 2012, 11, 1555 -1560.
AMA StyleIonel Pisa, Gheorghe Lazaroiu, Corina Radulescu, Lucian Mihaescu. EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON THE CORROSION OCCURRENCE DURING BIOMASS COMBUSTION PROCESS. Environmental Engineering and Management Journal. 2012; 11 (9):1555-1560.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIonel Pisa; Gheorghe Lazaroiu; Corina Radulescu; Lucian Mihaescu. 2012. "EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON THE CORROSION OCCURRENCE DURING BIOMASS COMBUSTION PROCESS." Environmental Engineering and Management Journal 11, no. 9: 1555-1560.
Ionel Pisa; Corina Radulescu; Gheorghe Lazaroiu; Elisabeta Pasculete. THE PROTECTION OF EQUIPMENTS USING VOLATILE INHIBITORS. Environmental Engineering and Management Journal 2011, 10, 319 -324.
AMA StyleIonel Pisa, Corina Radulescu, Gheorghe Lazaroiu, Elisabeta Pasculete. THE PROTECTION OF EQUIPMENTS USING VOLATILE INHIBITORS. Environmental Engineering and Management Journal. 2011; 10 (2):319-324.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIonel Pisa; Corina Radulescu; Gheorghe Lazaroiu; Elisabeta Pasculete. 2011. "THE PROTECTION OF EQUIPMENTS USING VOLATILE INHIBITORS." Environmental Engineering and Management Journal 10, no. 2: 319-324.
Gheorghe Lazaroiu; Corina Radulescu; Tudor Prisecaru; Lucian Mihaescu; Ionel Pisa; Simona Zamfir; Danut Vairenu; Elena Pop. RESEARCHES ON THE NEGATIVE EFFECTS ASSESSMENT (SLUGGING, CLOGGING, ASH DEPOSITS) DEVELOPED AT THE BIOMASS-COAL CO-FIRING. Environmental Engineering and Management Journal 2010, 9, 17 -26.
AMA StyleGheorghe Lazaroiu, Corina Radulescu, Tudor Prisecaru, Lucian Mihaescu, Ionel Pisa, Simona Zamfir, Danut Vairenu, Elena Pop. RESEARCHES ON THE NEGATIVE EFFECTS ASSESSMENT (SLUGGING, CLOGGING, ASH DEPOSITS) DEVELOPED AT THE BIOMASS-COAL CO-FIRING. Environmental Engineering and Management Journal. 2010; 9 (1):17-26.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGheorghe Lazaroiu; Corina Radulescu; Tudor Prisecaru; Lucian Mihaescu; Ionel Pisa; Simona Zamfir; Danut Vairenu; Elena Pop. 2010. "RESEARCHES ON THE NEGATIVE EFFECTS ASSESSMENT (SLUGGING, CLOGGING, ASH DEPOSITS) DEVELOPED AT THE BIOMASS-COAL CO-FIRING." Environmental Engineering and Management Journal 9, no. 1: 17-26.
Gheorghe Lazaroiu; Ion Oprea; Ionel Pisa; Lucian Mihaescu; Tudor Prisecaru; Gabriel Negreanu. RESEARCH ON THE COMBUSTION OF CRUDE VEGETABLE OILS FOR ENERGETIC PURPOSES. Environmental Engineering and Management Journal 2009, 8, 475 -482.
AMA StyleGheorghe Lazaroiu, Ion Oprea, Ionel Pisa, Lucian Mihaescu, Tudor Prisecaru, Gabriel Negreanu. RESEARCH ON THE COMBUSTION OF CRUDE VEGETABLE OILS FOR ENERGETIC PURPOSES. Environmental Engineering and Management Journal. 2009; 8 (3):475-482.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGheorghe Lazaroiu; Ion Oprea; Ionel Pisa; Lucian Mihaescu; Tudor Prisecaru; Gabriel Negreanu. 2009. "RESEARCH ON THE COMBUSTION OF CRUDE VEGETABLE OILS FOR ENERGETIC PURPOSES." Environmental Engineering and Management Journal 8, no. 3: 475-482.
Gheorghe Lazaroiu; Ionel Pisa; Corina Radulescu; Lucian Mihaescu; Gabriel Negreanu; Simona Zamfir; Danut Vairenu. EVALUATION OF CORROSIVE EFFECTS IN CO-FIRING PROCESS OF BIOMASS AND COAL. Environmental Engineering and Management Journal 2009, 8, 1485 -1490.
AMA StyleGheorghe Lazaroiu, Ionel Pisa, Corina Radulescu, Lucian Mihaescu, Gabriel Negreanu, Simona Zamfir, Danut Vairenu. EVALUATION OF CORROSIVE EFFECTS IN CO-FIRING PROCESS OF BIOMASS AND COAL. Environmental Engineering and Management Journal. 2009; 8 (6):1485-1490.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGheorghe Lazaroiu; Ionel Pisa; Corina Radulescu; Lucian Mihaescu; Gabriel Negreanu; Simona Zamfir; Danut Vairenu. 2009. "EVALUATION OF CORROSIVE EFFECTS IN CO-FIRING PROCESS OF BIOMASS AND COAL." Environmental Engineering and Management Journal 8, no. 6: 1485-1490.
Gh. Lazaroiu; E. Zissulescu; M. Sandu; M. Roscia. Retraction notice to “Electron beam non-thermal plasma hybrid system for reduction of NOx and SOx emissions from power plants” [Energy (2007) 2412–2419]. Energy 2008, 33, 524 -524.
AMA StyleGh. Lazaroiu, E. Zissulescu, M. Sandu, M. Roscia. Retraction notice to “Electron beam non-thermal plasma hybrid system for reduction of NOx and SOx emissions from power plants” [Energy (2007) 2412–2419]. Energy. 2008; 33 (3):524-524.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGh. Lazaroiu; E. Zissulescu; M. Sandu; M. Roscia. 2008. "Retraction notice to “Electron beam non-thermal plasma hybrid system for reduction of NOx and SOx emissions from power plants” [Energy (2007) 2412–2419]." Energy 33, no. 3: 524-524.
Gheorghe Lazaroiu; Lucian Mihaescu; Tudor Prisecaru; Ion Oprea; Ionel Pisa; Gabriel Negreanu; Radu Indries. COMBUSTION OF PITCOAL-WOOD BIOMASS BRICHETTES IN A BOILER TEST FACILITY. Environmental Engineering and Management Journal 2008, 7, 595 -601.
AMA StyleGheorghe Lazaroiu, Lucian Mihaescu, Tudor Prisecaru, Ion Oprea, Ionel Pisa, Gabriel Negreanu, Radu Indries. COMBUSTION OF PITCOAL-WOOD BIOMASS BRICHETTES IN A BOILER TEST FACILITY. Environmental Engineering and Management Journal. 2008; 7 (5):595-601.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGheorghe Lazaroiu; Lucian Mihaescu; Tudor Prisecaru; Ion Oprea; Ionel Pisa; Gabriel Negreanu; Radu Indries. 2008. "COMBUSTION OF PITCOAL-WOOD BIOMASS BRICHETTES IN A BOILER TEST FACILITY." Environmental Engineering and Management Journal 7, no. 5: 595-601.
This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor-in-Chief. Please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy). Reason: This article has been retracted in response to the information provided recently by the authors that a paper nearly the same has previously been published in Vacuum, 77 (2005) 493–500, doi:10.1016/j.vacuum.2004.09.009.
Gh. Lazaroiu; E. Zissulescu; M. Sandu; M. Roscia. RETRACTED: Electron beam non-thermal plasma hybrid system for reduction of NOx and SOx emissions from power plants. Energy 2007, 32, 2412 -2419.
AMA StyleGh. Lazaroiu, E. Zissulescu, M. Sandu, M. Roscia. RETRACTED: Electron beam non-thermal plasma hybrid system for reduction of NOx and SOx emissions from power plants. Energy. 2007; 32 (12):2412-2419.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGh. Lazaroiu; E. Zissulescu; M. Sandu; M. Roscia. 2007. "RETRACTED: Electron beam non-thermal plasma hybrid system for reduction of NOx and SOx emissions from power plants." Energy 32, no. 12: 2412-2419.
The sustainable indicators are characterized by a low degree of aggregation and a high amount of information. An indicator must show a synthetic representation of a real environmental, by using a value or a parameter, so that they can be easily used by policy makers. It is necessary to connect, therefore, the various systems in an appropriately integrated sustainable system. The indicators need to be aggregated based on the structure of the data. Each indicator must to be defined through a weight with reference to another weighted indicator. In this paper is illustrated the calculation of the assigned weights that uses a procedure based on fuzzy logic and to define a model that allows us to estimate the sustainability of a city. The final result is, therefore, a combination of values assigned by expert opinion for the various criteria, processed using fuzzy logic to obtain a weight with significant objectivity and as it is possible to estimate the sustainability of the city through the weights.
F Gagliardi; Mariacristina Roscia; G Lazaroiu. Evaluation of sustainability of a city through fuzzy logic. Energy 2007, 32, 795 -802.
AMA StyleF Gagliardi, Mariacristina Roscia, G Lazaroiu. Evaluation of sustainability of a city through fuzzy logic. Energy. 2007; 32 (5):795-802.
Chicago/Turabian StyleF Gagliardi; Mariacristina Roscia; G Lazaroiu. 2007. "Evaluation of sustainability of a city through fuzzy logic." Energy 32, no. 5: 795-802.