Background: Persistent respiratory and functional impairments after pulmonary tuberculosis can reduce exercise capacity and health-related quality of life. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated structured rehabilitation in adults with post-tuberculosis lung disease (PTLD). Methods: The review followed PRISMA 2020 and was prospectively registered in PROSPERO (CRD420261338253). PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection, CENTRAL, and PEDro were searched from inception, with final bibliographic updating through 5 September 2026 and trial registry cross-linking through 28 August 2026. Results: Seven randomized trial reports were included. Two directly comparable adjusted ISWT trials are presented as the main exercise capacity findings: a study published in 2026 reported +54.36 m (95% CI 17.22 to 91.51) and a research conducted in 2026 reported +123.0 m (95% CI 81.1 to 164.8). The pooled random-effects estimate was +87.98 m (95% Hartung–Knapp CI −348.01 to 523.96), but this estimate is presented secondarily because the interval was extremely wide with only two contributing trials. A 120-participant RCT reported an adjusted 6MWD benefit of +87.4 m (95% CI 74.2 to 100.6). A newly identified three-arm RCT (n = 180) reported statistically significant omnibus between-group differences, but substantial baseline imbalance and unusual control group reporting patterns limit device-versus-control interpretation. Certainty was very low for exercise capacity, dyspnea, health-related quality of life, pulmonary function, inspiratory muscle strength, and adverse events. Conclusions: Accordingly, the evidence is very uncertain regarding the effects of structured rehabilitation on these outcomes and regarding the magnitude and generalizability of any benefit in PTLD.

Background: Post-tuberculosis lung disease (PTLD) is associated with persistent functional impairment and reduced quality of life. This study evaluated the association between the addition of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and deep oscillation (DO) to structured pulmonary rehabilitation and changes in health-related quality-of-life and functional outcomes in patients with clinically stable PTLD. Methods: In this prospective, controlled, non-randomized study, 65 patients completed an eight-week program. The study group (SG; n = 33) received structured kinesiotherapy plus LLLT and DO, while the control group (CG; n= 32) received the same kinesiotherapy alone. Between-group effects were assessed using baseline-adjusted ANCOVA with HC3 robust standard errors and Benjamini–Hochberg correction. Results: Greater improvements were observed in the combined-intervention group across all prespecified outcomes (all q < 0.001). Adjusted between-group differences were 6.46 points (95% CI 5.73–7.19) for EUROHIS-QOL-8, 8.86 (7.39–10.33) for WHOQOL-BREF physical health, 14.69 m (10.57–18.81) for 6MWD, −0.62 s (−0.94 to −0.30) for TUG, −1.04 (−1.29 to −0.79) for mMRC, and −2.21 (−2.63 to −1.79) for Borg CR10. Conclusions: Adjunctive LLLT and DO were associated with greater improvements in quality-of-life and functional outcomes than kinesiotherapy alone. Given the non-randomized design and the combined administration of the two adjunctive modalities, these findings should be interpreted as associative and require confirmation in randomized, sham-controlled trials.