In the present day context utilization of natural resources is increasing day by day, which is a burden for future generations. Limiting the usage of natural raw materials and development of sustainable methodologies is needed in all aspects of construction activities. In this regard, manufacturing of cement requires large amount of limestone deposits, fuel energy and on the other hand cement manufacturing liberates carbon dioxide (CO₂) into atmosphere. Liberation of CO₂ results in global warming which leads to climatic changes. Hence there is a need to develop an alternative material superior to cement without compromising its properties. To address the above problem present study is focused on examining the usage of Limestone Calcined Clay Cement (LC₃) as partial replacement to clinker to an extent of 50% in concretes. M 30 grade of concrete is considered for investigation with three types of binders (i.e. LC₃, Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) and Pozzolana Portland Cement (PPC). From the studies on strength and durability it is evident that the performance of LC₃ concrete is better than OPC and PPC based concrete.

Presence of pore water in recycled aggregate-based concretes cannot escape easily due to evaporation because of the presence of old Interfacial Transition Zone, which is likely to prevent this. These pores, in which water is present, can serve as water reservoirs to replenish the water demand whenever hydrated particles require. Further, addition of self curing chemicals like polyethylene glycol and Paraffin wax can help retain the embedded moisture inside the concrete specimens. In the present study, the performance of self curing agents in natural and recycled aggregates is investigated. The parameters in the study include type of aggregate, type of curing regime, type of self curing chemicals, and dosage. Water retention, compressive strength, and sorptivity tests were carried out to determine the optimum dosage of self curing agents. It was concluded from the detailed investigation that addition of self curing chemicals benefitted recycled aggregate concretes in a better way.

In the construction field, lot of improvement in sustainable development is going on from last few decades, mainly use of pozzolanic materials are increasing day by day for the production of cement. On the other hand a lot of anthropogenic CO₂ gas is liberating in to atmosphere while manufacturing cement. To alter the emission of CO₂, use of alternative cementious materials is one of the best practices like fly ash, rice husk ash, GGBS and Metakaolin. Due to the use of such materials there is a lag in early strength development in concrete. Hence there is need to develop a substitute material for cement without negotiating in properties. In the present paper Limestone Calcined Clay Cement (LC₃) as an alternative to Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) is examined for strength and durability and the results are compared with Portland Pozzolana Cement (PPC) for M 50 grade of concrete. From results it is found that the use of LC₃ concrete is beneficial in terms of strength and durability.