Cancer is an abnormal cell growth which tends to proliferate in an uncontrolled way and, in some cases, leads to metastasis. If cancer is left untreated, it can immediately cause death. The use of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) as a drug delivery system will enable drugs to target tissues and cell types precisely. This study describes usual strategies and consideration for the synthesis of MNPs and incorporates payload drug on MNPs. They have advantages such as visual targeting and delivering which will be discussed in this review. In addition, we considered body magnetic field to make drug delivery process more effective and safer by the application of MNPs and tumor-on-chip.

Purpose: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma has a high prevalence all over the world. Most of the therapeutic approaches failed as a result of tumor invasion and rapid metastasis. Several natural plants have been shown to have promising therapeutic effects. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the cytotoxic activity of Eryngium billardieri against PANC-1 cancer cell lines. Methods: Dimethylthiazole diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay (MTT assay) and flow cytometry were used to assess the cytotoxicity of E. billardieri extracts against PANC-1 cancer cell lines. Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) was conducted to investigate the expression levels of Bcl2- associated X protein (BAX) and cyclin D1. Results: The results of the MTT assay showed that E. billardieri extracts had cytotoxic effects on PANC- 1 cancer cell lines. Moreover, the findings from the gene expression confirmed the over expression of Bax, and under expression of cyclin D1 following treatment with dichloromethane (DCM) and n-hexane (n- hex) extracts in cancer cells (P < 0.05). Interestingly, the flow cytometry results showed that DCM and n- hex extracts of E. billardieri induced apoptosis in PANC- 1 cancer cell lines. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated that DCM and n- hex extracts of E. billardieri significantly induce apoptosis by increasing Bax and decreasing cyclin D1 mRNA expression. Therefore, E. billardieri may be regarded as a novel approach for treatment of pancreatic cancer as a result of its promising apoptotic and cytotoxic properties.

Bioactive peptides (BPs) content of dairy products is suggested to be a significant ingredient for reducing breast cancer (BC) risk. There is no observational study regarding the correlation between BPs and the risk of chronic disease because BPs’ content of food items has not been evaluated in any study. The goal of the current study was to assess the association of dairy-originated BPs with BC risk. One hundred thirty-four women with BC and 267 cancer-free controls were selected from referral hospitals in Tehran, Iran. The development of an in-silico model for estimation of the bioactive and digestion-resistant peptides content of dairy products was done in our previous research. The risk assessment for BPs and BC association was performed across the tertiles of the peptide’s intake. Odds ratios (OR) were calculated by logistic regression. The negative association of all bioactive and digestion-resistant peptides except for peptides with high hydrophilicity and low bioactivity was seen in all models. In PR-negative subjects only the association of total dairy intake (OR: 0.61; 95% CI: 0.26-1.45; P _{for trend}: 0.276), peptides with low bioactivity (OR: 0.40; 95% CI: 0.16-1.02; P _{for trend}: 0.0.052), antidiabetic peptides (OR: 0.42; 95% CI: 0.17-1.05; P _{for trend}: 0.0.062) and di-peptides (OR: 0.42; 95% CI: 0.17-1.05; P _{for trend}: 0.0.062) were not significant in the final model. Also, no significant association between ER-negative subjects and total dairy intake (OR: 0.41; 95% CI: 0.16-1.07; P _{for trend}: 0.0.068) was noted. Our findings deduced that milk-derived BPs negatively associate with the risk of ER/PR/HER2 negative BC among Iranian women. Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/01635581.2021.2009884